世界上最大的EMS公司的培训资料（英文版）

1、1PreparedByFrankChenInternationalTradeManagementTheGlobalEnvironmentInternationalComplexitiesTrademanagementSummary2PreparedByFrankChenManagingaGlobalbusinessrequiresadditionalintegratedprocessesTobuy,manufacture,distributeandsellanyplaceonearthrequiresknowledgeof:Culture-Economics-distance-Governments3PreparedByFrankChenAmajordifferenceindoingbusinessinternationallyisintegratingtheregulatoryrequirementsintobusinessprocessesPoliticalandGovernmentalComplexity:•Changesineconomicblocs•Trade-an。

2、instrumentofpower•TheWTOagreement•Globalenvironmentalconcerns•Countryspecificinterpretationandregulationforimportingandexporting•Automated,paperless,processbasedenforcement•ConstantChange4PreparedByFrankChenWhyaregovernmentsinvolved?•Impactsonnationaleconomies•Opportunitytoapplytaxestocommerce•Controlmovementofgoodsorinformation5PreparedByFrankChenHowdogovernmentsaffecttrade?TreatiesTheWTOagreementApplicationoftaxesTraderestrictionsTradestimulatorsLogisticsprocessesaredirectlyaffectedbyregulator。

3、yrequirements6PreparedByFrankChenGlobalmarketscanhaveconsiderableregulatoryriskforcompanies•U.S.companiesarenotatlibertytodothebusinesswithoutrestrictions•TheU.S.Governmentdefineswithwecandobusiness•Over500yearsofsuspendedexportprivilegeswereleviedin1996•Millionsofdollarsinfinesandpenaltieswereassessed•Numericalcompaniesareundercriminalinvestigation•Individualscanbechargedandimprisoned•Generallyviolationsarenotdeliberate•Inemergingmarkets,newbusinessesareformeddailyandmayberestricted•Old“SovietB。

4、lock”governmentagenciesarechangingnamesandmissions•Anyproductcanresultinviolations,notjusthightechproducts•Globalpurchasingleadstosignificantimportexposures•Threatofterroristactivityemergesfrommanysources•Chinaandothercountrieshavesimilarbutdifferentrulesregardingimportingandexporting7PreparedByFrankChenWhywouldacompanywanttodealwithallthis?GlobalizationisnotanoptionalstrategyCompetitionandcustomersdrivebusinessglobalGreatersalesIncreaseproductivityGreaterprofitsLucrativebutComplex8PreparedByFra。

5、nkChenManyinternationalregulatorycomplexitiescanbeExploredandunderstoodbyaskingthreedeceptivelysimplequestionsKey:Whatarethegoods?Wheredidtheycomefromorwherearetheygoing?Whatistheirvalue?9PreparedByFrankChenWhatarethegoods?Aquestioneverygovernmentasks,forwhichthereareoftenmanyanswersDescriptionsleadtoClassificationusingaharmonizedcodeACRT?…..Memorychips?Ananalyticaldevice?ATVoravideodevice?AnElectricalArray?AssembledElectronics?10PreparedByFrankChenWheregoodscomefromisalsoaskedbyeverygovernment,。

6、withasurprisingnumberofanswersCountryoforigin-substantialtransformationPercentageofForeignContentSpecialexclusionsfortradeagreementslocalconsumptionlawsExampleofUses:Importing-dutycalculations,entrycontrolandrestrictionsExporting-product,country,organization,andindividualsalescontrolsGovernmentprocurement-suchastheBuyAmericaACTInternationalventurefundingTradeFinancing-EXIMBank,AID,OPICetc.Balanceoftradeallowances11PreparedByFrankChenWhatisthevalue?Isaaquestioneverygovernmentaskswithasurprisingnu。

7、mberofpossibleanswersSellerExporterSellerExporterBuyerImporterBuyerImporterExportSalesPRICEImportBuyer12PreparedByFrankChenWhyistheprice(Valuation)ofthegoodsimportant?EstablishesthevalueofthegoodsEnablesthegovernmentstoapplytaxesBasisfortheassettransferfromcountrytocountry13PreparedByFrankChenTransactionvalueisthemostcommonlyusedmethodofvaluationTransactionValue-pricePaidorpayable-IdenticalMerchandise-SimilarMerchandiseDeductiveValueComputedValue14PreparedByFrankChen“Pricepaidorpayable”simple。

8、words,notsosimpleinpracticeMerchandiseSellingcommissionsPackingcostsAssistsCertainroyaltiesorlicensefeesProceedsofresale,disposal,orusethataccruetotheseller15PreparedByFrankChenTheconceptof“Assists”comesfromWTOandcreatesbasicprocessdifferencesbetweendomesticsandinternationaltransactions“Assist”meansanyofthefollowing:IMaterials,componentsparts,andsimilaritemsincorporatedintotheimportedmerchandiseIITools,dies,molds,andsimilaritemsusedintheproductionoftheimportedmerchandiseIIIMerchandiseconsumedint。

9、heproductionoftheimportedmerchandiseIVEngineering,development,artwork,designwork,plans,andsketchesthatareundertakenelsewherethanintheU.S.andarenecessaryfortheproductionofthemerchandise.16PreparedByFrankChenASimpleRelationship?SellerBuyer17PreparedByFrankChenThe“SimpleRelationship”canquicklybecomeverycomplexSellerBuyerToolingForeignDevelopmentIncorporatedMerchandiseAdvancedPaymentsSet-upCostsCorrectedInvoiceVolumeDiscounts18PreparedByFrankChenTakingadvantageof“TradeIncentives”canbethedifferencebe。

10、tweenprofitandlossGoodsReturnedGoodsExportedforrepairorAlterationGoodsAssembledAbroadArticlesofMetalExportedforProcessingGeneralizedSystemofPreferenceForeignTradeZonesDutyDrawbackEU,NAFTAorOtherTradingBlock’sDutyProvisions19PreparedByFrankChenLackofknowledgeof“TradeRestrictions”canresultinfines,penalties,seizureandpersonalliabilityEmbargoes/TradingwiththeEnemy?countryspecificcontrolsGovernmentAgenciesrequirementsFCC-FDA-EPAAntidumpingCountervailingQuotasExportLicensingforcontrolledproducts&techn。