村民选举中的竞选策略_浙江经验之研究

2005201208(1964),,,,,444()20057Vol.44No.4JournalofHuazhongNormalUniversity(HumanitiesandSocialSciences)Jul.2005(,310028),,2002T,,,,;;;;D621.4A100022456(2005)0420041209:1990,,:,,,[1](p245),,,,,,::,[2](p10-17),,1970DanNimmo(Paradigm)[3]Farrell(marketing)[2](p2-6),,BatrickButlerNeilCollins(politicalmarketing):()()();:()()()[4](p55-72),,1987,,14,,,,,,,:,;,::,,;,,,,,,:?,?:(1),?(2)?;(3),?,2002T(),,,,:T,,,1980,19901998200216T2002,,2002T37,1626,,,10,,,,,,,,,,,,2002A,,3736,20025,10,,,2002556,10:,,18,,,(),,,B,,500-60024,,,5,5185,:60,,B,,,B,A514,18:18,,,,,,,660,,,,,,20(),,,,,,,,,T1626,62ö3C830,790,30C30,6,300,,,,,?T,2002,:(1)(2)(3)(4),,,,,,20,,,2002,,,,,,1998,,,2002121,,:,;,,::,,39,,,,,,,,,,342002,2002T,,20027,,,,,,125,,,,,,,,[5],AlanPeacock,,,,,,,,,,:,,:,,ö,100%,,,,,?,,,1998114(),,199811:()(199910):,(),199947,786,48.71,(,1999)959,57171,(,1999),,,,[6],,,,,44,AlanPeacock:,,;,,;,,,,,,,,,2002,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2002,,,,,,-,,??:,,,,,,,,,,,,,(CooperativeStrategy)(DisruptiveStrategy)(Ma2nipulativeStrategy)(AuthoritativeStrategy),2002,,,,,,,,,,,,(P.Bourdieu):,;,;,,,,,,,(),(civilsociety,),,()(so2cialnetwork)(trust)MarkS.Gra2novetter,(strongties),54,(socialresource),(socialcapital),,,,20027200220027:(intimacy)(reciprocity),[7](p1360-1380),,,,,:,,,(),,,(),,,,,,[8](p51-68),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,-,(),,,,,,,,,,,,19882002200210:(1),,,,1988,2,2,000(2)(3),,:,,,,,,,,;,:(1)(60):,(2)40-60(3),(4)(),,,,,:,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,T,,,,,,(corevoter),ö,641998112001620027,,,,,,,:,,,(networks)2003,,,(1)(2),,,,,2003,,,,,,,,T,,,,,,,,,,T,,,10,,,,,,,,,,,:()()(),,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,[9](p280),;,,,[10],,,74,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,?,ö?,,,,,,,,,:;;,,,,,,,(),,,,,,2002,,,,(19991022):,,,,,,15,,[11](p410-412),,,,,,,,Pateman[12](p105),,[1]WangZhenyao.VillageCommittees:TheBasisforChina’sDemocratization[A].inEduardB.Ver2meer,FrankN.Pieke,andWoeiLienChong(eds.).CooperativeandCollectiveinChina’sRuraldevelopment:BetweenStateandPrivateInterests[C].M.E.Sharpe,Inc.,1998.[2]Bowler,Shaun&Farrell,DavidM.TheStudyofElectionCampaigning[A].InElectoralStrategiesandPoliticalMarketing[C].editedbyShaunBowlerandDavidM.Farrell.theMacmillanPressLTD,1992.[3]Nimmo,Dan.ThePoliticalPersuadersTheTech2niquesofModernElectionCampaigning[J].EnglishCliffs,NJ:Prentice2Hall,1970.[4]Butler,BatrickandCollins,Neil.AConceptualFrameworkforPoliticalMarketing[A].InHand84ofPoliticalMarketing[C].editedbyBruceI.New2man.London:SagePublications,Inc.,1999.[5].,[N].,2003201215.[6],.[J].,2000,(3).[7]Granovetter,MarkS.TheStrengthofWeakTies[M].AmericanJournalofSociology,Issue78,1973.[8]Gibson,JamesL.SocialNetworks,CivilSociety,andProspectsforConsolidatingRussia’sDemocraticTransition[J].AmericanJournalofPoliticalSci2ence,Vol.45,No.1,2001.[9].[A]..[C].:,1999.[10].[M].:,1999.[11],.1999[C].(),2000.[12]Pateman,C.PoliticalParticipationandDemocraticTheory[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1970.PoliticalCampaignsinVillageElectionsACaseStudyofZhejiangProvince,ChinaLANGYou2xing(SchoolofLaw,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310028,China)AbstractThisarticlearguesthatpoliticalcompetitionhasconstitutedanimportantcontentinvillageelections.Since1998whentheOrganicLawofVillagers’Committeewasofficiallypassed,villageelec2tioncompetitioninruralZhejiangprovincehasbecomemoreandmoreacute.Consequently,electoralcampaignsbecomeacommonseenphenomenonduringZhejiang’svillageelections,which,comparedwithotherprovincial2leveladministrativeareas,isoutstanding.Finally,thearticlediscussestheimpli2cationofelectoralcampaignsinruralChina.Asanewphenomenoninruralpolitics.thestudyonelec2toralcampaignsinruralChinaisnotonlyhelpfultoscholars’understandingoflocalpolitics,butalsotolocalgovernments’guidingandfurtherstandardizingvillageelectoralpolitics.Ontheonehandvillageelectoralcampaignsindicatetheincreaseofelectioncompetition,deepeningelectoralpolitics;ontheoth2erhandanimportantissuetogovernmentsishowtostandardizevillageelectioncampaigns,supplyingafairplayenvironmentforallcandidates,whiletocandidatesistolearntheartofcampaigning.Keywordsvillagers’elections;electoralcampaigns;strategies;grassrootspolitics;Zhejiangprovince94