初一下册英语第四单元讲义unit 4 语法篇.doc

初一下册英语第四单元讲义unit4语法篇.docUnit4语法篇祈使句一、祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。二、祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：1.行为动词原形＋其它成分。例如：Makesentencesafterthemodel.根据例句造句。2.Be动词＋其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。例如：Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.过马路时要小心。3.Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其它成分。例如：Lethimgobacknow.让他现在回去吧。三.祈使句的否定句式祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never，一般分为以下四种类型：1.在祈使句的肯定句式前加Do’t，构成『Don’t＋行为动词原形＋其它成分』。例如：Don’tsaythatagain!别再那样说了！2.在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t，构成『Don’tbe＋其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)』。例如：Don’tbecareless.不要粗心。注意：在这种句型中be不能省略；否定副词not不可置于be之后。3.Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种：(1)Let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格，可在Let前加Don’t，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。(2)如果以Let’s开头的祈使句，必须在Let’s后加not。例如：Don’tletmegowithhertomorrow.＝Letmenotgowithhertomorrow.不要让我明天跟她一起去。Let’snottellherthetruthwheneverwemeether.无论什么时候我们碰到她，都不要告诉她真相。4.在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用『No＋名词/V-ing形式』结构，表示『禁止做某事』。例如：NOPHOTOS!禁止拍照！四.祈使句的反意问句祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分。通常有以下三种形式：1.祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，通常用willyou；表示邀请、劝说时，用won」tyou。例如：Besuretowritetous,willyou?你一定要给我们写信，好吗？Cometohavedinnerwithusthisevening,won’tyou?今晚来和我们一起吃饭，好吗？2.祈使句为否定句式，其反意疑问句通常只用willyou。例如：Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom,willyou?不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？3.Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除Let’s用shallwe外，其它均用willyou。例如：Lettheboygofirst,willyou?让个那男孩先走，好吗？Let’stakeawalkaftersupper,shallwe?晚饭后我们去散步，好吗？情态动词1.Look!Thetrafficlighthasturnedred.We_____stopourcar.A.canB.can’tC.mustD.mustn’t2.Nowadays.allpassengersgothroughsafetycheckbeforetakeatrain.A.canB.mayC.mustD.will3.—Mr.Wang,mustIcomeagaintocleantheclassroomonSunday?—No,you____.IhaveaskedKatetodoit.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t4.Daniel,___playwiththemobilephonewhileyou'rewalkinginthestreet.A.don'tB.doesn'tC.won'tD.can't5.kindandhelpfultothepeoplearoundus,andwewillmaketheworldanicerplacetolivein.A.BeB.BeingC.TobeD.Been6.________inbed.It’sbadforyoureyes.A.NottoreadB.Don’treadC.Don’ttoreadD.Notread一、单项选择1.picturebooksinclass,please.A.NotreadB.NoreadC.NotreadingD.Don'tread2.Ssh!talkloudly.Thebabyissleepingrightnow.A.DoB.DoesC.Don'tD.Doesn't3.Doyouwearauniformatschool?A.mustB.havetoC.mayD.can4.Youstopwhenthetrafficlightturnsred.A.canB.hadbetterC.needD.must5.---yougiveyourseattothisoldman?---Ofcourse.A.CanB.ShallC.NeedD.Must二、按要求转换句型6.Throwthatpieceofpaperaway.(改为否定祈使句)thatpieceofpaperaway.7.Picksomeflowers,please.(改为否定祈使句)pickflowers,please.8.Ihavetolookaftermyself.(改为否定句)Ilookaftermyself.9.Andyhastostudyforatest.(改为一般疑问句)Andystudyforatest?10.IcantalktoJenny'smother.(改为一般疑问句)talktoJenny'smother?三、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11.请找布朗先生接电话好吗?speaktoMr.Brown?12.在周末我喜欢去那儿，但是我得先做一些家务活。Igothereonweekends,butIsomehouseworkfirst.13.地球是我们美丽的家园,我们必须保持地球清洁。Theearthisourbeautifulhome.We.14.不要在街道上打篮球。inthestreet.15.禁止在草上行走。onthegrass.一、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)1.她会说一点儿中文。ShespeakalittleChinese.2.---学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？---不，他们不能。---Canthestudentsruninthehallways?---No,they.3.---我能在教室里吃东西吗？---不，你不能。---Iintheclassroom?---No,youcan't.4.你上课不要接电话。Youanswerthetelephoneinclass.5.我10点钟之前不得不.睡觉。Igotobedbefore10:00.二、按要求转换句型6.Willyoupleasenotopenthewindow?(改为祈使句)thewindow.7.Wehavetocleantheroom.(就划线部分提问)doyouhaveto?8.Shehastodoherhomework.(改为否定句)Shedoherhomework.9.Ihavetostayathomeonrainydays.(改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答)youstayathomeonrainydays?No,I.10.Youdon'thavetogetupsoearly.(改为同义句)Yougetupsoearly.三、完形填空Everyschoolhasitsownrules.Howmany11arethereinyourschool?Atsomeschools,thestudents12towearuniformsonschooldays.Butmanystudentsdon'tliketowearuniforms.Theythinktheuniformsaretheugliest13intheworld.Buttheschoolsdon'tallowthestudentstowear14ownclothesatschool.Sosomestudentsdrawcartoonsorsomefamoussingersontheir15.Theythinkitisvery16thateveryonewearsthesame.Itisveryunfair(不公平的)thattheteachersandthestudentsarewearing17.Butmostofthestudents18therules.Whatdoyouthink19it?Doyou20yourschooluniforms?11.A.studentsB.rulesC.uniformsD.rulers12.A.hasB.mustC.shouldD.have13.A.clothesB.shirtsC.skirtsD.cloth14.A.theirB.theyC.themD.themselves15.A.schoolbagsB.booksC.uniformsD.desks16.A.boredB.boringC.interestingD.interested17.A.sameB.differentlyC.differentD.thesame18.A.obeyB.agreeC.listenD.listento19.A.ofB.aboutC.byD.for20.A.likeB.makeC.washD.puton一、单项选择1.---What'syourteacherlike?---Sheisalwaysstrictus.A.inB.withC.to2.Mr.Blackalwaysgoestoworktime.Heisneverlate.A.atB.onC.inD.with3.---Igooutwithmyfriends,Mom?---No,youcan't.Youmustdoyourhomeworkfirst.A.MustB.HavetoC.DoD.Can4.OnSundayIhavetogotothefarmmyparents.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped5.---Whataretherulesatyourschool?---Don'truninthehallwaysandarrivelateforclass.A.nottoB.won'tC.don'tD.no6.Therearepeopleinthehallandtherearenoise(噪音)init.A.toomany;toomuchB.toomany;muchtooC.toomuch;toomanyD.toomuch;muchtoo7.Ourclassroomis.Wemustcleanit.A.dirtyB.sorryC.quietD.noisy8.---Whatdoyoudoafterdinner?---I.A.havebreakfastB.havelunchC.getupearlyD.watchTV9.---Whatareyourrulesathome?---Ihavetogotobedten.A.afterB.beforeC.inD.on10.---Areyouhappy?---.Ihavealotofrules.A.Yes,IamB.Yes,IdoC.No,I'mnotD.No,Idon't二、完形填空MynameisLiXia.Iamamiddleschoolstudent.Asastudent,Ihavemanyrules.Ican'tbelate11class.Imust12ontime.Ican'truninthehallways.Ican't13intheclassroom.Imusteatinthedininghall.I14listento