高级英语-pubtalkandtheking的简要介绍

Thearticledescribestheconversationisthemostsociableofallhumanactivitiesanditisanactivityonlyofhumans.Thecharmofconversationisthatitdoesn’treallystartfromanywhere,andnoonehasanyideawhereitwillgo.Conversationisnotformakingapoint.Thereisnowinninginconversation.Barconversationhasitsspecialcharm.Barfriendsarenotdeeplyinvolvedineachother’slives,buttheycanhaveanykindsofconversationfreely.Onenightinthebar,whentheauthorandhiscompanionshaveaconversationdesultorilyhereandthere,oneofthemsaysthattheKing’sEnglishislaiddownasEnglishisatermofcriticism,whichbecomesafocusbetweenthemandbecomesafocalsubject.Therewouldberesistanceinthelowerclassestoanyattemptbyanupperclasstolaydownrulesfor“Englishasitshouldbespoken.”TherearelanguagebarriersbetweentheSaxonchurlsandtheirNormanconquerorsandthereisadeepclassriftinthecultureofEnglandaftertheNormanConquest.BybuildingtheirFrenchagainsttheSaxonpeasants’ownlanguage,thenewrulingclasshasbuiltaculturalbarrieragainsthim.King’sEnglishcomesintouseinthe16thcentury,andafterfivecenturiesofgrowth,oftusslingwiththeFrenchandabsorbingit,EnglishhascomeintotheirownandbecomeauniversallanguageinEngland.Wordsarenotthemselvesareality,butonlyrepresentationsofit,andtheKing’sEnglishisaclassrepresentationofreality.TheKing’sEnglishisamodel,butitshouldn’tbeanultimatum.Infact,eventhemosteducatedandliteratepeopledonotuseStandardEnglishallthetimeintheirconversation.Thebotheraboutteachingchimpanzeeshowtotalkisthattheywillprobablytrytotalksenseandsoruinconversion.