(完整版)高考英语反意疑问句讲解及练习

1反意疑问句一、概念反义疑问句(TheDisjunctiveQuestion)即附加疑问句，反意疑问句是疑问句的一种，是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。结构有以下两种：1．陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式2．陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式即：前肯后否，前否后肯。反义疑问部分用助动词或情态动词或be动词＋名词或代词（主格）。如：Theyworkhare,don’tthey?Shewasillyesterday,wasn’tshe?Youdidn’tgo,didyou?Hecan’trideabike,canhe?二、反义疑问句的用法1.陈述部分主语是I的肯定形式时，疑问部分要用aren’tI.如：I’mastallasyoursister，aren’tI?2.陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词，以及含有由否定意义的词的反意疑问句当陈述部分有never，seldom,hardly，few，little，barely,scarcely,nothing，nobody等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问部分用肯定形式。否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。如：Therearefewapplesinthebasket,arethere?Hecanhardlyswim,canhe?Theyseldomcomelate,dothey?Itisimpossible,isn'tit?Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?3、含有宾语从句的反意疑问句当陈述部分是一个（带that引导宾语从句的）主从复合句时，附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。但是，当陈述部分的主语是Iamsure,Iamafraid,Isuppose,Ithink,Ibelieve,Iimagine,Iexpect等结构时，附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。如：Idon'tthinkheisbright,ishe?Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can'tshe?Ithinkchickenscanswim,can’tthey?IthinkLucyisagoodgirl,isn’tshe?2Idon’tthinkyouareastudent,areyou?4.祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句后加反意疑问句，不表示反意，而表示一种语气。其结构为：否定祈使句+willyou?肯定祈使句+will/won’tyou?省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用willyou。Let's开头的祈使句，后用shallwe?Letus开头的祈使句，后用willyou?如：Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou?Let’sgooutforawalk,shallwe?Letusgoourforawalk,willyou?Turnontheradio,willyou?Don'tdothatagain,willyou?Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou?5.陈述部分含有usedto和oughtto的反意疑问句陈述部分含有usedto时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't+主语。陈述部分含有oughtto时，疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't+主语。如：Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn'the?/shouldn'the?Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?/usedn'the?6.陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。如：Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?(doeshe?)Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?(doeshe?)7.带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语。如：Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?Hedarenotsayso,dareyou?当dare,need为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do/does+主语。如：Shedoesn'tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?8.陈述部分是therebe结构的，疑问部分用be/情态动词/助动词+there?Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere?Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?9.陈述部分有haveto+v.(hadto+v.)，疑问部分常用don't+主语（didn't+主语）。如：Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe?10.当陈述部分主语为指物的不定代词everything,something,nothing等时，3附加疑问部分主语用it(有时也用they)。如：Everyoneknowstheanswer,don’tthey?Nothinghereisimportant,isit?11.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that，不定式，动名词，或从句时，附加疑问部分的主语用it。陈述部分的主语是指示代词those,these时，附加疑问部分的主语用they。如：Toseeistobelieve,isn’tit?Thatisnotimportant,isit?Hemustbeinthelab,isn’the?12.陈述部分含有must的反意疑问句1）当must表示推测时：☆对现在情况的推测，反意疑问部分应用助动词（do/be）一般现在时的适当形式。若是现在进行时，反意疑问部分用现在进行时的适当形式。若是therebe结构，反意疑问部分用isn’t/aren’tthere?如：Hemustbethere,isn’tthere?Hemustbewaitingoutside,isn’the?Theremustbesomestudentsintheroom,aren’tthere?☆对过去的推测，若陈述部分由musthavedone,而且有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问部分用didn’t；若没有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问部分用hasn’t/haven’t。如：YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforfouryears,haven'tyou?Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'the?2)当must作“必须”讲时，用needn’t;当含有mustn’t禁止，不允许时，用must/may。如：Youmustgonow,needn’tyou?Youmustn’tsmokehere,must/mayyou?13.陈述部分含有hadbetter或wouldrather或wouldliketo+v疑问句部分用hadn'tyou?或wouldn't+主语？或wouldn't+主语？You’dbettercomeearly,hadn’tyou?You’dratherworkthanplay,wouldn’tyou?You'dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?14.感叹句后面的反意疑问句，其动词要用现在式，而且通常用否定，其主语和感叹句的主语一致。如：Whatafunnyman,isn’the?15.对反意疑问句的回答，无论陈述部分是肯定形式还是否定形式，英语中应答4反义疑问句时只依据事实回答。若事实是肯定的，就用yes；事实是否定的，就用no。第一部分是否定句，其英语回答和汉语回答有区别。如：☆Youaregoinghome,aren’tyou?你回家，是不是？Yes,Iam.是的，我回家。No,Iamnot.不，我不回家。☆Mikecan’tswim,canhe?Yes,hecan.不，他会游泳。No,hecan’t.是的，他不会游泳☆Theydon’tworkhard,dothey?Yes,theydo.不，他们工作努力。No,theydon’t.对，他们工作不努力。即学即练：1.Yoursisterdoesn’tlikecollectingstamps,____?A.dosheB.doessheC.likessheD.doesn’tshe2.It’safineday.Let’sgoswimming,___?A.won’tweB.willweC.don’tweD.shallwe3.JanehelpedhimwithhisEnglish,___?A.didsheB.didn’tsheC.helpedsheD.didn’tJane4.Theboyoughttobepunished,_____?A.oughtheB.oughtn’theC.oughthetoD.oughthenotto5.Therewon’tbeanyconcertthisSaturdayevening,____?A.willtherenotB.isthereC.willthereD.willit6.Itoldthemnoteverybodycoulddotheworkwell,____?A.didn’tIB.couldn’theC.couldn’tD.didI7.Besuretowritetous,___?A.willyouB.aren’tyouC.canyouD.mustn’tyou8.Don’tsmokeinthereading-room,___?A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD.couldyou9.Hehashardlymadeanymistakesinhismathsexam,______he?A.hasn’tB.doesC.doesn’tD.has10.Heseldomhaslunchatschool,___?A.doesheB.doesn’theC.hasheD.hasn’the11.SheneverspeakstoyouinEnglish,____?A.doessheB.doesn’tsheC.cansheD.can’tshe12.TheSmithsusedtoliveinLondon,____?A.usedtheynotB.didn’ttheyC.usedn’theD.didn’the513.Hewascareless,___?A.washeB.wasn’theC.washenotD.didhe14.Whatbeautifulweather,______?A.isitB.isn’titC.won’titD.doesn’titHomework:1.Idon’tthinkthatthenecklaceismadeofdiamond,________?A.doIB.doyouC.isn’titD.isit2.Hiswifehadthecarpetsandthecurtainscleaned,________?A.hadn’tB.hadC.didn’tsheD.didshe3.Noonelefthereyesterday,________?A.didn’ttheyB.didtheyC.didn’toneD.didone4.Birdsrarelybuildnestsinourgarden,________?A.don’ttheyB.dotheyC.didn’ttheyD.didthey5.YoumusthavebeentotheGreatWall,____________?A.mustn’tyouB.haven’tyouC.aren’tyouD.mustyou6.Learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtim