定语从句

TheAttributiveClause定语从句概念:在复合句中修饰名词、代词或数词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句Maryisagirlwithlonghair介词短语作定语先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when,why引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词一、关系代词的用法1)指人:who/that/whom,作宾语时可以省略．1.正在跟我父亲握手的那个人是警察。Themanwho/thatisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.2.你想见的经理已经来了。Themanager(that/whom/who)youwanttoseehascome.3.他就是我昨天在街道上遇到的学生。Heisthestudent(that/whom/who)Imetinthestreetyesterday.___________________—————2)指物：that/which作宾语时可以省略．1.中国是个有着悠久历史的国家。Chinaisacountrywhich/thathasalonghistory.2.我上周六买的书很有趣。Thebook(which/that)IboughtlastSaturdayisveryinteresting.________————3.Wetalkedofthethingsandpersons.Werememberedthem.________________Wetalkedofthethingsandpersons(that)weremembered.Combinethetwosentences3)作定语:whose(ofwhich指物/ofwhom指人)1.这就是书写在我们班最好的那个女同学。Thisisthegirlwhosehandwritingisthebestinourclass.2.父亲当医生的那个男孩是我们班长。Theboywhosefatherworksasadoctorisourmonitor.————————_______________Whichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouseismine.whoseroofisbrownThehouseismine.ofwhichtheroofisbrownMyhouseThehouseismine.theroofofwhichisbrownRecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose二、关系副词的用法1.when表示时间,（合并句子组成定语从句）①October1,1949wastheday.Thepeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedontheday._________________October1,1949wasthedaywhen/onwhichthepeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded2.where表示地点,①Thisistheplace.Mymotherwasbornintheplace.__________________Thisistheplacewhere/inwhichmymotherwasborn.3.why表示原因,常用在先行词reason的后面.①Idon’tknowthereason.Helookshappyforthereason._______________Idon’tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhelookshappy.•AttentionIwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIsawMary.Iwillneverforgettheday(that/which)IspentwithMary.难点提示：当先行词是地点，时间，原因时，如果定语从句的谓语动词与先行词之间能加上适当介词,即关系词在定语从句中作状语时就用关系副词when/where/why=介词+which.如果关系词在定语从句中作宾语或主语就用which/that。介词+关系代词的情况1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin三、介词+关系代词:当介词放在关系代词之前时,关系词一般只能用which/whom,即介词+which/whom介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?××可见,who、that不能用与介词之后介词+关系代词的情况3Isthisthewatchwhichyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?HeisthemanwhomIamlookingat.用介词+关系代词填空:1.Thefilm_______Iaminterestedwillbeshowninthetheater.2.Thepoliceman__________myfatheristalkingintheofficeisafriendofmine.3.Thisistheroom_______Ilivedalongtimeago.4.TherearemanyislandsinChina,_________Taiwanisthelargest.5.Thisistheboy________hismotherisveryproud.6.Theboy________youhadagreateffectisanorphan.7.Weshowinterestintheproblem___________youareconcerned.inwhichwithwhominwhichofwhichonwhomaboutwhichofwhom不定代词或数词＋ofwhich/whom结构．①Ihaveamassofbooks,none_________isofgreatimportance.Ihaveamassofbooks,butnone_________isofgreatimportance.②Thereare60studentsinourclass,twentypercent_________aregirls.Thereare60studentsinourclassandtwentypercent_________aregirls.③Thedoctorhasthreesons,all___________doctors.Thedoctorhasthreesonsandall___________doctors.④Iboughttwobooks,neither___________interestingIboughttwobooks,butneither__________interestingofwhichofthemofwhomofthemofwhomofthemofwhichisareofthemisare用when/where/why或which/that填空:1.Thisistheschool_______Istudiedlastyear.Thisistheschool____________Istudiedinlastyear.Thisistheschoolin_______Istudiedlastyear.Thisistheschool__________Ivisitedlastyear.2.Iwillremembertheday____weplayedtogether.Iwillremembertheday_________weplayedtogetheron.Iwillrememberthedayon_____weplayedtogether.Iwillrememberthedays________wespentinthecountry.3.That’sthereason______youwerelate.That’sthereasonfor_______youwerelate.That’sthereason__________hegave.wherewhich/thatwhich/thatwhenwhich/thatwhich/thatwhichwhichwhywhichwhich/that1.Oneofthebooks______(be)missing.2.Thisisoneofthebooksthat______missing.3.Thisistheveryoneofthebooksthat_______missing.isareis总结:在“oneof+复数名词”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用复数．在“the(only/very)oneof+复数名词”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用单数四.难点破疑1.定语从句谓语的单复数和先行词一致．————————————①I,who____astudent,wanttojoininprotectingtheenvironment.②He,whoIthink____clever,isequaltothejob.③Boththegirlandherdog__________crossingthestreetwerehitbyacomingcar.(be)④Willyoupleaseshowmethewaytotheonlytallbuilding_________nearthepostoffice?(stands)⑤Thisistheonlyoneofthedictionariesthat____themostusefultome.⑥Thisisoneofthedictionariesthat___themostuseful.amisthatwerethatstandsisare___________①Isthisthefactory___________alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?Isthisfactory____________alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?Thisfactoryistheonethat/whichalotofstudentsvisitedyesterday.（that/which)theone(that/which)2.当先行词是way时,关系代词用that/inwhich/省略．Thisistheway______________wesolvedtheproblem.that/inwhich/省略Thisistheonlyway_____Icanfind.（that）当先行词是way时,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语或主语时用that／which．thatisright.五、用that不用which引导定语从句的情况：(1)先行词是不定代词all,something,nothing,anything,everything,much,little,few等时.All(that)wehavetodois