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新标准大学英语综合教程1课后参考翻译Unit1英译汉:Today,agapyearrefersmostlytoayeartakenbeforestartinguniversityorcollege.Duringtheirgapyear,Americanstudentseitherengageinadvancedacademiccoursesordosomevolunteerworktoimprovetheirknowledge,maturity,decision-making,leadership,independence,self-sufficiencyandmore,thusimprovingtheirrésumésbeforegoingtocollege.BritishandEuropeanstudents,however,takeamuchmoreholiday-styleapproachtothegapyearbygenerallyworkingfor3–6monthsandthentravellingaroundtheworldbeforecollegebegins.Thisisintendedtoexpandtheirminds,personalconfidence,experiencesandinterestspriortocollege.ItisamuchlessstructuredapproachthantakenintheUnitedStates,andisgenerallyviewedbyparentsasaformativeyearforyoungadultstobecomeindependentandlearnagreatdealofresponsibilitypriortoengaginginuniversitylife.参考译文:如今,间隔年最为普遍的含义是指上大学前的一年。在这一年中,美国学生或是学习高级学术类课程,或是做一些志愿服务,以此来提高自己的知识水平、成熟度、决策力、领导力、独立性、自给自足以及多方面的能力,力求在上大学之前让自己的简历变得更加完善。然而,英国和欧洲的学生更倾向于把间隔年当作假期来看待。他们通常用3-6个月的时间打打工,然后利用剩余的时间在大学开学前环球旅行。这样,在上大学前,他们可以增长见识,提升自信,丰富阅历,培养兴趣。与美国的间隔年不同,英国和欧洲的做法没有那么周密的安排。家长们通常把间隔年看作是年轻人成长起来的一年,他们在开始大学生活之前变得独立,并学会承担很多责任。汉译英:今天,很多中国的大学非常重视培养学生的创新意识和创业精神(entrepreneurship)。很多知名大学与多家公司建立长期的合作关系。这些公司会定期从大学中录用合格的毕业生。此外,有些校友还创建启动资金,支持学生创办自己的企业。一些大学的校长表示,创业与学习并不矛盾,鼓励学生创业可以帮助他们将专业知识应用于实践,提升自身的竞争力(competitiveness)。参考译文:Today,manyChineseuniversitiesattachgreatimportancetocultivatinginnovationawarenessandentrepreneurship.Manyprestigiousuniversitiesestablishlong-termrelationshipswithalotofcompanies.Thesecompaniesrecruitqualifiedgraduatesfromtheuniversitiesonaregularbasis.What’smore,somealumnievencreatestart-upfundstosupportstudentsinstartingtheirownbusiness.Thepresidentsofsomeuniversitiessaythatdoingbusinessandstudyingarenotinconflictandthatencouragingstudentstosetupbusinessescanhelpthemputtheirspecializedknowledgeintopracticeandraisetheircompetitiveness.比如,把冰糖和梨放在一起蒸是很好的药膳,可以起到润肺(moistenlung)、化痰(dissolvephlegm)、止咳(arrestcough)的作用。Forexample,pearsteamedwithrocksugarisamedicateddiet,goodformoisteningthelung,dissolvingphlegmandarrestingcough.药膳不仅具有药物的疗效,还具有食物的美味。Chinesemedicateddietshavenotonlytheefficiencyofmedicine,butalsothedelicacyoffood.药膳是中国人日常饮食的重要组成部分,现在就连外国人也开始喜爱、接受中国药膳。TheyareanimportantpartofChinesepeople’sdailymeals.EvenpeoplefromothercountrieshavecometoloveandconsumeChinesemedicateddiets.Unit2英译汉:Tablemannersaretherulesofetiquettethatshouldbeobservedbydiners.IntheUK,thehostorhostesstakesthefirstbiteafterallfoodisservedandeveryoneisseated.Foodshouldalwaysbetastedbeforesaltandpepperareadded.Itisacceptabletotakesomebutterfromthebutterdishwithabutterknifeandputitontoasideplate.Thispreventsthebutterinthedishfromgatheringbreadcrumbsasitispassedaround.Itisimpolitetoreachoversomeonetopickupfoodorotheritems.Dinersshouldalwaysaskforitemstobepassedalongthetabletothem.Foodshouldalwaysbechewedwiththemouthclosed.Itisrudetoeatnoisily.Talkingwithfoodinone’smouthisalsoseenasveryimpolite.Whensomeonehasfinishedeating,theyshouldplacetheknifeandforktogetherontheplateandplacethenapkinunfoldedonthetable.参考译文:餐桌礼仪是就餐者必须遵守的礼仪规范。在英国,要等到所有的饭菜端上桌、所有的就餐者都就座后,男主人或女主人才带头开始吃。应该在尝过饭菜之后再加盐和胡椒。可以用黄油刀从黄油盘中取一些黄油放在小寸盘子中,这样可以防止黄油在盘子传递的过程中粘上面包屑。不要探起身子隔着人去拿食物或其他东西,这样做不礼貌。就餐者应请同桌的人把需要的物品递过来。嚼饭菜的时候一定要闭着嘴,吃饭吧唧嘴不礼貌。而且边吃东西边说话也是很不礼貌的行为。吃完后,应该把刀叉放在盘子上,把用过的餐巾展开放在餐桌上。汉译英:中国药膳(Chinesemedicateddiet)源远流长,是中国宝贵的文化遗产,也是中医养生学的重要内容。药膳对预防疾病和强身健体有着显著的功效。比如,把冰糖和梨放在一起蒸是很好的药膳,可以起到润肺(moistenlung)、化痰(dissolvephlegm)、止咳(arrestcough)的作用。药膳不仅具有药物的疗效,还具有食物的美味。药膳是中国人日常饮食的重要组成部分,现在就连外国人也开始喜爱、接受中国药膳。参考译文:Chinesemedicateddietshavealonghistory.TheyarepartofthevaluableculturalheritageofChinaandanimportantpartofChinesehealthstudy.Medicateddietshaveanotableeffectonthepreventionofdiseasesandimprovementofphysicalfitness.Forexample,pearsteamedwithrocksugarisamedicateddiet,goodformoisteningthelung,dissolvingphlegmandarrestingcough.Chinesemedicateddietshavenotonlytheefficiencyofmedicine,butalsothedelicacyoffood.TheyareanimportantpartofChinesepeople’sdailymeals.EvenpeoplefromothercountrieshavecometoloveandconsumeChinesemedicateddiets.中国的父母历来重视孩子的教育。Chineseparentspayalotofattentiontotheirchildren’seducation.他们认为,如果孩子做事时能得到大人适当的指导,就会更愿意完成复杂的工作,因此,“手把手教”被视为教育孩子的最佳方式。Theyholdthatchildrenaremorewillingtoaccomplishcomplicatedtasksifadultscangivethemproperguidance.Therefore,“teachingbygivingstep-by-stepdirections”istakenasthebestwaytoeducatechildren.近年来,受西方教育观念的影响,中国的父母开始注重培养孩子的独立性和创造力。Inrecentyears,undertheinfluenceofWesternideasofeducation,Chineseparentsarebeginningtogivemoreprioritytofosteringindependenceandcreativityinchildren.他们鼓励孩子参加兴趣班学习绘画或音乐,希望孩子通过不断的学习和探索而获得全面的发展。Theyencouragetheirchildrentoattendinterestclassestolearnpaintingormusic.Theyhopethattheirchildrenwillbecomeall-roundindividualsbyconstantlylearningandexploring.Unit4英译汉:IntheUnitedStates,thevastmajorityofAmericanslivewithpeopletowhomtheyarerelatedbybloodormarriage.MostAmericancoupleshavetwoorthreechildren,thoughlargerfamiliesarenotunusual.Typically,thefamilyconsistsofparentsandtheirminorchildren.Middle-agedandelderlypeoplegenerallydonotlivewiththeirmarriedchildren.However,parents
本文标题:新标准大学英语(第二版)综合教程-精读1-课后参考翻译
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