DramaPPT

DramaThedefinitionofdrama戏剧是演员将某个故事或情境，以对话、歌唱或动作等方式表演出来的艺术。Dramaisakindofart,inwhichstoryorsituationisreproducedattheformsofdialouge,singingandactionbyperfomers要素elements演员performer故事scenario舞台stage观众audience4WesterndramaTragedyComedy(1)悲剧:Tragedyisaformofdramabasedonhumansufferingthatinvokesinitsaudienceanaccompanyingcatharsisorpleasureintheviewingthetermtragedyoftenreferstoaspecifictraditionofdramathathasplayedauniqueandimportantrolehistoricallyintheself-definitionofWesterncivilization.(2)喜剧:Accordingtomodernviews,Comedyreferstoanydiscourseorworkgenerallyintendedtobehumorousortoamusebyinducinglaughter,especiallyintheatre,television,filmandstand-upcomedy.TheoriginsofthetermarefoundinAncientGreece.Satirecomedy:Satireandpoliticalsatireusecomedytoportraypersonsorsocialinstitutionsasridiculousorcorrupt,thusalienatingtheiraudiencefromtheobjectoftheirhumor.Romanticcomedyisapopulargenrethatdepictsburgeoningromanceinhumoroustermsandfocusesonthefoiblesofthosewhoarefallinginlove.BeijingoperaKunquzajuChineseoperazajuA1958U.S.S.R.postagestampcommemoratingGuanHanqing,oneofthegreatChinesedramatists,whoisrenownedforhiszajuplays.BeijingoperaClassificationofperformersandrolesinBeijingoperaSheng(生):refertomen,dividedintoLaosheng(老生)，Xiaosheng(小生)，Wusheng(武生)TheSheng(生)isthemainmaleroleinPekingopera.Thisrolehasnumeroussubtypes.Thelaoshengisadignifiedolderrole.Thesecharactershaveagentleandcultivateddispositionandwearsensiblecostumes.Onetypeoflaoshengroleisthehongsheng,ared-facedoldermale.TheonlytwohongshengrolesareGuanGong,theChinesegodofswornbrotherhood,loyaltyandrighteousness,andZhaoKuang-yin,thefirstSongDynastyemperor.Dan(旦):refertowomen,dividedintoZhengdan(正旦),Laodan(老旦),Huadan(花旦),Wudan(武旦),Daomadan(刀马旦)TheDan(旦)referstoanyfemaleroleinPekingopera.Danroleswereoriginallydividedintofivesubtypes.Oldwomenwereplayedbylaodan,martialwomenwerewudan,youngfemalewarriorsweredaomadan,virtuousandelitewomenwereqingyi,andvivaciousandunmarriedwomenwerehuadan.Jing(净):refertopainted-facerole,knowpopularlyasHualian,dividedintoZhengjing(正净),Fujing(副净),Wujing(武净),Maojing(毛净)TheJing(净)isapaintedfacemalerole.Dependingontherepertoireoftheparticulartroupe,hewillplayeitherprimaryorsecondaryroles.[47]Thistypeofrolewillentailaforcefulcharacter,soaJingmusthaveastrongvoiceandbeabletoexaggerategestures.[55]ThefairandincorruptiblejudgeBaoZhengChou(丑):refertopainted-facerole,knowpopularlyasXiaohualian,dividedintoWenchou(文丑),Wuchou(武丑),Nüchou(女丑)TheChou(丑)isamaleclownrole.TheChouusuallyplayssecondaryrolesinatroupe.[47]Indeed,moststudiesofPekingoperaclassifytheChouasaminorrole.Chouhasthemeaningugly.Thisreflectsthetraditionalbeliefthattheclown'scombinationofuglinessandlaughtercoulddriveawayevilspirits.FarewellMyConcubine,onepieceofclassicalPekingopera.Thewoman,ConsortYu,deeplylovedtheKingXiangYu(middleofthestage),andwhenhefailedinawar,shecommittedsuicideforhim.thanks