高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)

高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Mexicositesonanislandplateau(高原)surroundedbyvolcanicpeaks,whichmakesairqualityaconstantconcernforpeoplewholivethere.InApril,thecountrytookadecisivesteptowardimprovingairqualitybyenactingatemporarybanonprivateandFederalvehiclesinthecity.TheruleforbidspeoplefromdrivinginthecityonedayeachweekandoneSaturdayeachmonth.Electricvehicles,governmentservicevehicles,publictransportoptionsandschoolbusesarenotincludedintheban.MexicoCityisn'tthefirsturbancentertobeinvolvedincar-freeliving.Butthebanismorethananawareness-raiser.Itwasenactedwiththedirectaimofsolvingairpollution.InMarch,thecitysankintoadeepbrownhazeofsmogwhenthepollutionlevelspassedthe200mark.Thecityorderedsome1.1mofthearea's4.7mcarsoffthestreetsandalsoofferedfreebusandsubwayrides.MexicoCity'stemporaryvehiclebanraisesquestionsaboutthebestwaystoimproveurbanairquality.India,whosecitizensbreathesomeoftheworld'sdirtiestair,hastriedavarietyofsolutions.Earlierthisyear,theIndiangovernmentstarteda4%salestaxonnew-carpurchases.Beijingalsohasexperiencewithcleaningtheair.Thecityintroducedalternate-dayrulesinadvanceofthe2008OlympicGames,whichproducedgoodresults.AndthenthereistheLondoncongestion(拥挤)charge,introducedin2003.Thechargehashadameasurableeffectonairquality.Fornow,MexicoCity—namedbytheUnitedNationsasthemostpollutedcityontheplanetin1992—canlookforwardtothestartoftheregion'srainyseason,whendailyshowerswillhelplocleantheair.（1）HowdidMexicobanvehiclesinthecity?A.BybanningprivateandFederalvehiclesonedayaweek.B.ByforbiddingprivateandpublicvehicleseverySaturday.C.Bylimitingthenumberofnewcars.D.Byprohibitingthevehiclesexceptpublicones.（2）WhatdidthegovernmentofMexicodowhencarryingoutthebanonvehicles?A.Raisedthenumberofpublicvehicles.B.Offeredfreebusandsubwayrides.C.Introducedmoretraveloptions.D.Encouragedcitizenstoleavethecity.（3）WhatmaycontributetoimprovingtheairqualityinMexico?A.Alternate-dayrules.B.Taxrises.C.Congestioncharge.D.Therainyseason.（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Mexico—anIslandPlateauB.AVarietyofBansonVehiclesinMexicoC.ShouldCitiesBeCar-freeZonesD.HowtoImproveAirQuality【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，墨西哥墨西哥政府为了提高空气质量，在实施车辆禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。他们希望城市应该是无车区。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“InApril,thecountrytookadecisivesteptowardimprovingairqualitybyenactingatemporarybanonprivateandFederalvehiclesinthecity.TheruleforbidspeoplefromdrivinginthecityonedayeachweekandoneSaturdayeachmonth.”可知，墨西哥是通过每周有一天禁止私人和联邦车辆来禁止车辆进入城市的。故选A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Thecityorderedsome1.1mofthearea's4.7mcarsoffthestreetsandalsoofferedfreebusandsubwayrides.”可知，墨西哥政府在实施车辆禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。故选B。(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段最中的“Thechargehashadameasurableeffectonairquality.”可知，拥挤费有助于改善墨西哥的空气质量。故选D。(4)考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Fornow,MexicoCity—namedbytheUnitedNationsasthemostpollutedcityontheplanetin1992—canlookforwardtothestartoftheregion'srainyseason,whendailyshowerswillhelplocleantheair.”可知，城市应该是无车区。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。2．阅读理解Whetheryouareanationaloraninternationalstudent,wewelcomeyoutoMiddletownUniversity.Ourreputationisbuiltonprovidinghigh-qualityeducationinbothacademicandvocational(职业的)subjects.Aswellaspridingourselvesonourtraditionalface-to-facelearning,wehaverecentlyintroducedarangeofdistance-learningcourses.Whatdotheycost?Costsforourcoursersvaryconsiderably.Clickoneachdepartment'shomepageformoreinformation.Scholarshipsandbursariesanavailableforcertaincourses,particularlyforthoseinthesciencesandeducation.SAMPLECOURSEOVERVIEWBAinEnglishLanguageandLiteratureThemainpurposeofthiscourseistodevelopyourabilitytodescribe,analyzeandmanipulatefeaturesoftheEnglishlanguage,andtoseehowtheseareexpressedinliterature.Aswellastakingcoremoduleswhichcovertheseareas,studentswillbeabletospecializeintheirfieldsofinterest.Duration:three-yearcourseCourse:Choose12outof20modules.Weeklytimetable:eighthoursoflectures/fourhoursofseminarsAssessment:essays,examsandan8,000-worddissertationattheendofthethirdyearRequirements:academicexperienceandinterestinthesubject;goodschool-examgradesDiplomainteachingInthefirstterm,youwilllearnaboutthetheoryofteachingandhowtobeaneffectiveteacher.Inthesecondterm,youwillalsobeginteachinginaschool.Thethirdtermiscompletelypractical.Duration:one-yearcourseCourse:Choosesixoutoftenmodules(threearecompulsory).Weeklytimetable:sixhoursoflectures/twohoursofseminars/sixhoursofclassroomteachingAssessment:combinationofessaysandclassroomobservationRequirement:firstdegreeinspecificsubjectarea（1）WhatisMiddletownUniversityfamousfor?A.Academicandvocationaleducation.B.Traditionalteachingmethods.C.Distance-learningcourses.D.Face-to-facecommunication.（2）Whatdothetwosamplecourseshaveincommon?A.Theybothlastforthreeyears.B.Theybothrequirestudentstohandinessays.C.Theybothoffertotalfreedomtochoosemodules.D.Theybothfavorstudentswithinterestinthesubject.（3）Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertisecertainonlinecourses.B.Tostresstheneedfordistancelearning.C.Tointroducedistance-learningtechniques.D.Tosuggestawayofpursuingfurthereducation.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A【解