八年级下英语现在完成时讲解及练习(4页)

1现在完成时一、现在完成时态的结构have/has(助动词)+done(过去分词)说明：动词的过去分词有规则形式和非规则形式两种，非规则分类：AAA、ABB、ABA、ABCAAAcost-cost-cost，hit-hit-hit，let-let-let，ABBbuy-bought-bought，catch-caught-caught，ABAcome-came-come，become-became-become,run-ran-runABCbreak-broke-broken，fly-flew-flown，ride-rode-ridden,take-took-taken，二、现在完成时态的基本句式肯定句：主语+have/has+Vpp+其他否定句：在助动词have/has后加上否定词not一般疑问句：将助动词have或has提到句首，肯定的简略回答是：Yes，主语＋have/has.否定的简略回答是：No，主语＋have/hasnot.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句三、现在完成时态的用法2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词howlong等。例如：注意：此种用法中表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）。例如：(1)这本书我已经买了三个月了。错误：Ihaveboughtthebookforthreemonths.正确：Ihavehadthebookforthreemonths.(2)你哥哥参军多长时间了？错误：Howlonghasyourbrotherjoinedthearmy?正确：Howlonghasyourbrotherbeeninthearmy/beenasoldier?四、现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.ShejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(加入的动作不是延续的)ShehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).(在团内的状态可延续)ShehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).是团员的状态可持续)比较have/hasbeento、have/hasgoneto和havebeeninhave(has)been表示“曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了”，可以和ever、never、twice等连用。have(has)gone表示“已经去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since,for,howlong等.[注意]：第三人称。HewenttoShanghailastweek上周他去了上海HehasbeentoShanghai.他(曾经)到/去过上海.(但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了)HehasgonetoShanghai.他已经去上海了.(也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里)Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了2一、单项选择。1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey______what'shappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow2、Hehas___beentoShanghai,hashe?Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still3、HaveyoumetMr.Li____？Ａ.JustＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten5、—Ourcountry____alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;studyＣ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_____twice.Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see9、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone10、—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finishedＣ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish11、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin12、—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We______friendssincetenyearsago.Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade13、—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived14、Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began15、It___tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.Ａ.IsＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.was16、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She_______tothelibrary.Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeentoＣ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,____?A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey19、hasMr.WhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived20、Hisuncleformorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity二、句型转换。31、Hehasneversurfed,____________?（改成反意疑问句）2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(提问)___________havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldman_________lastyear.He____________forayear.(die)（动词填空）4、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换)Thisfactory____________________fortwentyyears.5、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGao____________________anhourago.6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）Hermother_______thePartythreeyears________.7、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________A）用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanIsland.A:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?B:He_____________thereonlyonce.B）用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto的各种形式填空。1)WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.2)John_______Englandsincehecameback.3)Howlong_____have_____thisvillage?4)TheSmiths______Beijingforyears.5)_____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.6)I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.A）按要求把短暂性转换为延续性动词①arriveat/insw.getto/reachsw.→beinsw.come/go/movetosw.---behere/bethere1)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.2)ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.4)Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return→bebackcome/goout→beout1)Hecameouttwoyearsago.He____________________________for____________________.2)WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.③bec