垂直流人工湿地水力学特点对污水净化效果的影响吴振斌

1,1＊,1,1,AlexPressl2((1.,　430072,E-mail:[e-mail];2.,):,.,.:、;,;;.,.:;;;:703.1　:A　:0250-3301(2001)05-05-0045:(39925007);(ContractNo.IC18-CT96-0059):(1956～),,.,.、、.:2000-12-29＊TheInfluenceofHydraulicCharacteristicsonWastewaterPurifyingEf-ficiencyinVerticalFlowConstructedWetlandsWuZhenbin1,RenMingxun1,FuGuiping1,HeFeng1,AlexPressl2(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofFresh-waterEcologyandBiotechnology,InstituteofHydrobiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Wuhan430072,ChinaE-mail:[e-mail];2.AgricultureUniversityofVienna,Vienna,Austria)Abstract:Thehydrauliccharacteristicsofverticalflowconstructedwetlandswasinvestigated,andtheinfluenceofthesecharacteristicsonwastewaterpurifyingefficiencywasstudiedasanemphasis.Theresultsoftheexperimentsinsmallscaleplotsandmediumscaleplotsshowedtheplantroots,withthephysicalandbiologicaleffects,playasignificantroleinhydraulicsandthewastewaterpurifyingefficiency.Theothercharacteristicssuchasretentiontime,effluentve-locityandinfluentloadalsodirectlyaffectthewastewaterpurifyingefficiencyofconstructedwetland.Togetabetterunderstandingofthehydraulicswillbecrucialtotheimprovementofpurifyingefficiencyandfacilitatethepracticaluseofconstructedwetland.Keywords:verticalflowconstructedwetland;tracer;hydrauliccharacteristics;wastewaterpurifyingefficiency　　.、3,[1～5].“”,,,.[6～11],.,,.,、()、、,,,,.22520019　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.22,No.5Sept.,2001DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2001.05.0111　1.1　(SmallScalePlots,SSPs)(MediumScalePlot,MSP).21m×1m;29m×9m(1).2,.III10cm.2.I,II,II,.,14,6h,.1　Fig.1　Structurepatternofconstructedwetlands,4.,.1.1.2　1　Table1　ThecomposesofmacrophytesandhydraulicloadinginSSPaandMSP　　1234()　　I(Typhalatifolia)(Typhaangustifolia)(ScirpustriqueterLinn)(Zezanialatifolia)II(IrispeseudacorusL)(Juncuseffusus)(Carexsp.)(Irispeseudacorus)/L20020020020016200/24300/mm·d-1800800800800800/1200CODCr/g·(m2·d)-137.3637.3637.3637.3637.36/56.04　　(1)、　4～5.,.(200L)..(2)　(NaCl),,..5min..、.2　2.1　.[12].,V,.2.2　()/mg·L-1Table2　InfluentqaulityofconstructedwetlandsCODCrBOD5TSSKNTPIP46.77.8910.84.370.2970.1086(SD)19.24.185.72.80.1690.101　　4(3):50%～60%,80%～90%.III,II.,46　　　　　　223BOD、TSS、TPIP,1COD、BOD;2KN,4.IP、KN、TP、COD,BOD、TSS.3　1)()/%Table3　Removalratesoftheconstructedwetlandsunderahydrologicalloadof800mm/d(averagevalue)CODCrBOD5TSSKNTPIP166.689.080.250.357.7-19.4265.087.978.051.154.7-31.9362.390.884.449.559.1-7.0462.687.779.241.027.5-114366.176.772.463.376.771.6　　1)800mm/d2.2　、4,1,3、2,4(2).15min,12、3.1,.,,.2Ι,Ⅱ,,1.3,1,,,.2　4Fig.2　ComparisonoftheeffluentvelocityandeffluentquantityoffourSSPssystems41、2、3.,.,,.,.4:3.,,.,31.4,.:13,.2:,(3).,,.“”,.3　2Fig.3　ComparisonoftheeffluentvelocityoftwoexperimentsinMSPunderdifferenthydraulicload2.3　,:(d)=(L)(L/d)0.66d.4()1475　　　　　　1.33d;21.25d;31.32d41.30d.,41.,,.,(13),;4,.20.56d,0.37d;0.81d,0.69d..,,,.,,,.2.4　,,.,2(3).:,,,.,.,(1200mm/d)800mm/d.,1200mm/d800mm/d.2.5　,,.,,,.4,.(,),,;,.,.2.6　,.、、.4:4、2,31,.,.41.,3、12、4.3、12、4.2.4　4Fig.4　Thevariationofeffluentconductivityvaluesin4plotsofSSPs3　(1).(),、;,,,.,、,,.2,、.(2),.,48　　　　　　22.,.(3),(),.NaCl,.(4),、,.,..,,.　、、、.:1　SherwoodCRetal.Subsurfaceflowwetlands———Aperfor-manceevaluation.WaterEnviron.Res.,1995,67(3):244～248.2　SakadevanK,BavorHJ.Phosphateadsorptioncharacteris-ticsofsoils,slagsandzeolitetobeusedassubstratesincon-structedwetlandsystems.WaterResearch,1998,18(2):393～399.3　EdwardL,Marsteineretal.Theinfluenceofmacrophytesonsubsurfaceflowwetland(SSFW)hydraulics.5thinterna-tionalconferenceonwetlandsystemsforwaterpollutioncon-trol.Vienna:ConferencePreprintBook1,1996.II/2-1～II/2-7.4　BrixH.Domacrophytesplayaroleinconstructedtreatmentwetlands.WaterscienceandTechnology,1997,35(6):11～17.5　ChrisCT,JamesPSSukias.Organicmatteraccumulationduringmaturationofagravel-bedconstructedwetlandstreat-ingfarmdairywastewaters.WaterResearch,1998,32(10):3046～3054.6　MachateTetal.Degradationofphenanthreneandhydrauliccharacteristicsinaconstructedwetland.WaterResearch,1999,31(31):554～560.7　TorresJJetal.StudyoftheinternalhydrodynamicsinthreefacultativepondsoftwomunicipalWSPsinSpain.WaterResearch,1999,33(11):1133～1140.8　NamecheTH,VaselJL,Hydrodynamicstudiesandmod-elizationforaeratedlagoonandwastestabilizationponds.WaterResearch,1998,32(10):3039～30459　..,1991,4(5):8～12.10　..,1997,(6):50～52.11　WilliamJM,KarenMW.Waterquality,fateofmetals,andpredictivemodelvalidationofaconstructedwetlandstreatingacidminedrainage.WaterResearch,1998,32(6):1888～1900.12　《》.().:,1989.13　WilliamJM,KarenMWise.Waterquality,fateofmetals,andpredictivemodelvalidationofaconstructedwetlandstreatingacidminedrainage.WaterResearch,1998,32(6):1888～1900.14　LantzkeIR,HeritageADetal.Phosphorusremovalratesinbucketsizeplantedwetlandswithaverticalhydraulicflow.WaterResearch,1998,32(34):1280～1286.15　ChrisCT,JohnSCetal.Effectofloadingrateandplant-ingontreatmentofdairyfarmwaste-watersinconstructedwetlands.WaterResearch,1995,29(1):17～26.16　BreenPF.Amassbalancemethodforassessingthepoten-tialofartificialwetlandforwastewatertreatment.WaterResearch,1990,24(6):689～697.17　,..,1998,19(4):36～39.495