情态动词讲解与练习

Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?ReadIfyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.Youmustn’tcrossinfrontofthetraffic.Ifthelightisyellow,youshouldwait.Ifyouarenotcareful,acarmayhityou.IfyouareintheUK,youhavetodriveontheleft.andfindout情态动词情态动词•情态动词,顾名思义是用来表达感情和态度的动词。•表明说话人的立场和口气,以及说话想达到的目的•常用的情态动词有：can(could),may(might),must,haveto,need,oughtto,shall,shouldcan(could)1.Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’ttenyearsago.2.Can/CouldIborrowthesebooks?3.Thestorycannotbetrue.1）能，会：表示能力，相当于beableto(beableto适用于任何时态)。2）可以，表示许可，(may较正式，could较婉转）3）可能，表示否定推测，can’tbe不可能may(might)1.---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?---Yes,youmay.---No,Youmaynot/can’t./You’dbetternot.No,youmustn’t.2.Ifyouarenotcareful,acarmayhityou.1)可以，表示许可，相当于can.(注意问句中的回答）2)可能，或许，表示推测maybe可能1.---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?---Yes,youmay.---No,Youmaynot/can’t./You’dbetternot.No,youmustn’t.must1.Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.Youmustn’tcrossinfrontofthetraffic.2.---MustIbehomebefore8o’clock?---Yes,youmust.---No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.3.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithmycomputer.1)must:必须；mustn’t:不准，禁止2)回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用needn’t或don’thaveto.3)一定，表示肯定的猜测。（否定猜测用can’t）haveto1.IfyouareintheUK,youhavetodriveontheleft.2.Theanimalsweeathavetospendtheirliveslivingintinyspaces.haveto不得不1.Ihavetobeatworkatnineo’clockeveryday.2.ShehastoworkonSaturdays.3.They’llhavetostayinahotel.4.DoesDickhavetogotoBeijingonbusiness?5.Hedidn’thavetogotherelastweek.haveto+动词原形haveto有人称、数、时态的变化当主语为第三人称单数时，用hasto+动词原形变问句或否定句时，需借助助动词。nothaveto=needn’t1.Ihavetobeatworkatnineo’clockeveryday.2.ShehastoworkonSaturdays.3.They’llhavetostayinahotel.4.DoesDickhavetogotoBeijingonbusiness?5.Hedidn’thavetogotherelastweek.1.Ihavetobeatworkatnineo’clockeveryday.2.ShehastoworkonSaturdays.3.They’llhavetostayinahotel.4.DoesDickhavetogotoBeijingonbusiness?5.Hedidn’thavetogotherelastweek.haveto+动词原形haveto有人称、数、时态的变化当主语为第三人称单数时，用hasto+动词原形变问句或否定句时，需借助助动词。nothaveto=needn’tmust和haveto两者都表示必须•must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；•haveto则重于表示外界客观需要，含有不得不或被迫之意1.Ididn'ttaketheraincoatwithmeyesterday.I____waitformyfather.A.havetoB.hastoC.hadtoD.must2.Jack’sill,sothey______changetheirplans.A.mustB.shouldC.havetoD.oughttoneed1.Ineedtypethisletteragain.我需要重新录入将这封信.2.Thereisenoughtime.Youneedn’thurry.有的是时间，你不必着急。作情态动词need1).Weneedagreatdealofmoneynow.我们需要很多钱。2).Theydon’tneeditanymore.他们不再需要它了。3).Doesyourfatherneedanyhelp?你爸爸需要帮助吗?作行为动词+n.needWhatdoweneedtotakeforthepicnic?野餐我们需要带些什么？Willweneedtoshowourpassports?我们需要出示护照吗？Youneedtotakegoodcareofyourmother.你要好好照料你妈妈作行为动词+to+doneed:需要1)作情态动词Heneedmakeaplan.2)作行为动词（有人称和数变化，后接名词/带to的动词不定式）。Heneedstomakeaplan.need的用法1.---Doweneed_________forthetickettothepark?---No,weneedn’t___________that.It’sfree.A.topay,todoB.topay,doC.pay,todoD.paying,doing2.Idon’tneed__________toschooltoday.A.togoB.goC.going3.Needhe_________?No.he_________.A.torun,needn’t.B.run,doesn’tneed.C.run,needn’t4.WillSam_________tomorrow?A.needtoleaveB.needleaveC.needstoleavecan/could1）能，会：表示能力2）可以，表示许可3）可能，表示推测may/might1)可以，表示许可2)可能，或许，表示推测must•must:必须；mustn’t:不准，禁止•回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用needn’t或don’thaveto.3)一定，表示肯定的猜测。（否定猜测用can’t）haveto则重于表示外界客观需要，含有不得不或被迫之意need1)作情态动词2)作行为动词（有人称和数变化，后接名词/带to的动词不定式）注意回答形式：1)MayI…?Yes,youmay.No,youcan’t(mustn’t).2)MustI…?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t.Exercises:1.–CanyoulendmeyourMP3?–Sorry,I__.Myfatherhastakenitwithhim.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t2.–ShallIgoandmeetyouattheairport?–No,thanks.I________takeataxihome.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can3.–Ican’tfindDad.Whereishe?–I’mnotsure.He____beinthestudy.A.mustB.mayC.needD.will4.Allthepassengers_____wearseatbeltsontheplane.A.canB.mayC.willD.mustExercises:5.–___theexampaperbehandedinrightnow?–No,itdoesn’thaveto.Youmayhanditinbefore11:30.A.CanB.MustC.ShouldD.May6.–Mustwegettothestationbefore6:00?–No,you_____.Thetrainleavesat9:00.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.won’tD.can’t7.–Mary,____youspeakChinese?–Yes,onlyalittle.A.mustB.needC.mayD.can8.–______Icomein?–Sure,comein,please.A.WillB.MayC.MustD.NeedExercises:9.–______Iuseyourmobilephone?–Certainly.Hereyouare.A.MayB.MustC.ShouldD.Need10.–MayIputmybikehere?–No,you_____.Putitoverthereplease.A.needn’tB.won’tC.mustn’tD.wouldn’t11.–Havingablog(博客)_____helpmemakemorefriends.A.canB.mustC.needD.should12.–_____Ireturnthebooknextweek?–No,youneedn’t.Youcankeepitifyoulike.A.CanB.MustC.MayD.NeedExercises:13.–MustIhandinmyexercisebookafterclass?–No,you_____.YoumaygiveittomenextMonday.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.maynotD.can’t14.–MustIfinishtheworkintwodays,Mr.White?–______.A.Yes,youneed.B.No,youmustn’t.C.No,youneedn’tD.Yes,youcan15.–Mom,_______Iplaycomputergames?–Yes,youcan.Butyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustB.mayC.willD.need情态动词专练1—5CBDDA6—10ADDBD11—15DAADB16—20BCDBB21—25ACDBA26—30CABDD