高中英语语法专项复习之状语从句

高中英语语法专项复习之状语从句定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子类别时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句1.时间状语从句1When：意为“当…时”表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的谓语动词可延续也可非延续Ifeelveryhappywhenyoucometovisitus.Whenyouarecrossingthestreet,becarefulHewasworkinghardatthetablewhenIwentin.IworkedforaforeigncompanywhenIwasinShanghai.2while意为“与…同时，在…期间，而”从句多用延续性动词或表示状态的动词Theyrushedinwhilewewerediscussingtheproblems.FatherwascleaningthecarwhileIwasplayinggames.3as意为“一边…一边，随着…”可表示某事一发生，另一件事立刻发生或在在某事发生的过程中另一件事发生也可表示两件事同时发生Thefirefightersrushedintothehouseasthefirebrokeout.Justashewasspeaking,therewasaloudexplosion.Hesmiledashepassed.4before意为”在…之前”表示主句的动作在从句之间发生.Wecleanedtheroombeforeweleft.Hehadbeenacoolbeforehewenttocollege.Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustn’tthrowthemabout.Hecalledmeafterhehadfinishedhiswork.6since意为“自从…以来”之意主句从用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted.Itis/hasbeentwoyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheschool.HehasgonetoAmericasincehewasill.HehasgonetoAmericasincehefellinillness.7until/till意为“直到…时候”之意，表示主句动作发生于从句动作之前。从句的谓语动词若是延续性动词主句多用肯定形式；非延续性动词时则用否定形式IwillwaithereuntilhecomesHedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.Notuntilallthefishhaddieddidthefarmersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.8assoonas意为“一…就…之意，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作立即发生IwillinformyouofthenewassoonasIhearofit.Assoonashesawhismother,heburstintotears.拓展immediately,instantly,directly,themoment,theminute,thetime,thehour,theinstant9once意为“一旦…就…”之意，暗含条件意味Onceyoubeginit,youshouldkeepittotheend.Physicsiseasytolearnonceyouunderstandtherules.10名词短语：bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime，thefirsttimeIthoughthernicethefirsttimeImether.Bythetimeyouarrived,thelecturehadalreadyended.11nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当短语位于句首时应部分倒装NosoonerhadIbeguntotalkthanherangoffHardlyhadItoldhimmynamewhenhestoppedlistening.2.地点状语从句Welivewheretheroadcrossestheriver.Makemarkswhereveryouhavequestions.Wesatdownwheretherewasanicelake.3.原因状语从句Hewaslaidoffbecausehedidn’ttakehisjobseriously.Sinceyouhaveknownit,Iwon’tbothertotellitagaintoyou.Ashewasasleep,hedidn’thearthesound.短语引导从句Inthat,forthereasonthat,consideringthat,seeingthat,nowthat4.目的状语从句Hepaidmoreattentiontotheessayinorderthathecouldgetahighmark.Heraisedhisvoicesothatallthepeoplewouldhearhiswords.Workhardforfearthatyouwillfailintheexamination.Takeanumbrellaincase/lestitrains5结果状语从句1sothat表示为了…以便于之意that可以省略Wearrivedearlyinthemorningsowecaughtthefirsttrain.Heputallhisheartinhisstudysothathewasadmittedtothecollege.WhatIhavedonethatsheshouldbesoangrywithme?Thequestionisofgreatimportancethatitshouldbesolvedatonce2so/such…that..Hislecturewassointerestingthatnoonewasabsent.Shewassokindagirlthatwealllikedtoworkwithher.Hemadesuchacarelessmistakethathewascriticizedbyhisteacher.Sodifficultistheproblemthatnoonecanworkitout.6.条件状语从句Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.Iwon’tattendhisbirthdaypartyunlessIaminvited.OnlyiftheredlightcomesonisthereanydangertothemOnconditionthat…as/solongasSupposing/providingSuppose/provided/giventhat/Incase7.让步状语从句Althoughshewasangry,shedidn’tshowit.Thoughsheisnotperfect,yetIlikehermuch.Childashewas,hecoulddoitbyhimself.Shewillleave,whethertheweatherisfineornot.WhileIunderstandwhatyousaid,Ican’tagreewithyoucompletely.WheneverIseeher,shewearsasmile.8.比较状语从句Totellyouthetruth,heisnotsohonestasyou.Thecityisnotthesameasitwastenyearsago.Themoreyoudo,theeasieryouwillfindittodo.IknowyoubetterthanheSheisnomorefondofplayingchessthanIamSheisnolessgoodatswimmingthanMary.9.方式状语从句WillyoupleasedotheexperimentasIamdoing?HespokeasifhewereanAmerican.Idon’tlikethewayshespeaks.状语从句中的省略如状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且状语从句中含有系动词be的某种形式时或从句的主语和动词是itis/was时则从句的主语和系动词可以一起省略Althoughalittlegirl,shecandomuchhouseworkforhermother.Whilethere,Ipaidseveralvisitstoher.Don’tcomeinunlessaskedtoIfpossible,Iwillcometohelpyou.WeallexpecttolivewherenotpollutedThereareafewsimplesafetymeasurestofollowwhiletrainingCorrectthem,ifanymistakesinthecomposition