虚拟语气和相关的5年高考试题

虚拟语气和相关的5年高考试题2011-03-0209:17:18|分类：英语学习|字号大中小订阅第一章虚拟语气一知识归纳1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的应用1)三种形式条件从句中的动词结果主句中的动词示例与现在的事实相反动词的过去式be动词一律用werewould/could/might/should+动词原形IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendyourparty.与过去的事实相反had+过去分词would/could/might/should+have+过去分词Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwehaddriveninturn,youwouldn’thavegotsotired.与将来的事实相反should+动词原形wereto+动词原形would/could/might/should+动词原形Ifitweretosnow/shouldsnowtomorrow,weshouldtakephotos.2)虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时,可把if省略,而把were,had,should放在主语前,用到装结构,这种结构主要用于书面语中.如:Wereitnecessary,Imightresign.Hadyouinformedmeearlier,Iwouldnothavesignedthecontract.ShouldIhavetime,IwouldcallonherShoulditraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheSummerPalace3)错综时间条件句在这种条件句中,虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致,因此,主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式,如:IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight.(现在---过去)Iftheyhadstartedintheearlymorning,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour(过去---将来)Ifyouhadaskedhimwhenyousawhimlasttime,youwouldknowwhattodonow.(过去---现在)4)含蓄条件句有些句子中,没有任何表示虚拟语气的词,短语或从句,但仍要用虚拟语气.这时,要么是省略了表示虚拟语气的部分,要么隐含在上下文之中.如:Iwoulddoanythingforher(ifIcould)Wewouldhavemadealotofmoney(butwegaveuphalfway)Withoutelectricitylifewouldbequitedifferenttoday.(Iftherewerenoelectricity)5)用介词代替条件状语从句,常见的介词有with,without,butfor如:Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars(ifyouhadamilliondollars?)Wewouldnothavefinishedthewordontimewithoutyourhelp(=ifyouhadnothelpedus)Butfortherain,(ifithadnotbeenfortherain,)wewouldhavefinishedthework2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气1)wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气与现在事实相反,用were或动词的一般过去式;与过去事实相反,用had+过去分词;表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,用would/could/might+动词原形,后的从句不能用should.如:Iwishshewerehere.IwishyouwouldgowithustomorrowIwishshehadtakenmyadvice2)order,suggest,demand,insist,等表示命令,要求,建议的词后宾语从句的虚拟语气,形式为(should)+动词原形3.asif/asthough后有时用虚拟语气1)从句所设想的时间与主句动作同时发生,从句动词用过去时(be用were)Itlooksasifsheweresick.Helooksasthoughheknewthegirl2)从句所设想的时间动作于主句谓语发生,从句动词用had+过去分词.如:IfeelasifwehadknowneachotherforyearsHetalksaboutpyramidsasthoughhehadseenthemhimself4.(should)+动词原形在某些从句中的应用1)当宾语从句从的谓语是suggest,request,insist,desire,demand,propose,order,command,arrange等动词时,如:Isuggestedthatweshouldgothereonfoot.注意:当suggest表示暗示,表明时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气.如:Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshewassatisfiedwithourwork.当insist表示坚持认为之意时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气.如:Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney2)Itisordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/apity等后的主语从句中Itisdesiredthatweshouldgeteverythingreadytonight3)advice,idea,order,plan,demand,proposal,suggestion,request等名词之后的表语从句和同位语从句中.如:Mysuggestionisthatweshouldholdameetingthisevening5.wouldrather,hadbetter后的句子的虚拟语气1)接动词原形,指现在或将来的时间,表示主语的主观愿望和选择IwouldratherdoittodayYouhadbetternotgodancingtonight2)接不定式的完成式,表示过去的某种不恰当的选择.如:Iwouldrathernothavetoldherthenews.Sheissuchagossip3)接从句,用一般过去时,表示现在或将来的愿望;用过去完成时,表示过去的愿望.如:IwouldratheryoupaidthemoneyyourselfIwouldrathershehadnotdonethat6.itis(high)timethat….句型中,从句的谓语动词用过去式,或should+动词原形,其中should不能省掉.如:ItistimethatyouwenttoschoolItistimethatweshouldstartout7.在含有ifitwerenotfor或ifithadnotbeenfor条件句的虚拟语气中.如:Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddieIfithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime8.用于ifonly引导的感叹句中IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!二学法建议?在学习if引起的虚拟条件句时,同学们首先要牢记它的三种形式,它将为学习此类句子奠定基础,在此基础上,才能掌握倒装的虚拟条件句,混合虚拟条件句等?综观历年的高考题及各地测试题,wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气,if引导的虚拟条件及含蓄条件句是测试的重点,务必请同学们在学习中加以注意?在学习asif引导的表语从句或状语从句中的虚拟语气时,要很好理解句子,在判定表示虚拟时,再使用虚拟语气,并要牢记动词的形式?对ifonly的学习也是不容忽视的一个要点.它表示/要是…..就好了”,谓语用一般过去时表示现在没有实现的愿望,用过去完成时表示过去没有实现的愿望.如:Ifonlyshehadknownwheretofindyou!IfonlyIcouldspeakseveralforeignlanguages!五年高考1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotiredA.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridgeA.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will5.Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprisonA.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhimA.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;beC.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is8.---Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday---Ihadrathershe____metomorrowthantodayA.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold名题精练9.---Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible---Yes,butI____busydoingmyhomeworkA.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe10.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeetA.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartin11.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor12.Ifmylawyer____herelastSunday,he____mefromgoingA.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,preventD.were,wouldhaveprevented13.____hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamA.IfheweretoworkB.HadheworkedC.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork14.____today,hewouldgettherebyFridayA.WerehetoleaveB.IfhehadleftC.DidhetoleaveD.Hadheleft15.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightn