专四英语语法考点串讲1023

1专四语法考点串讲吴芳芳2011.32英语专业四级考试历年各语法考点的分布表（1991-2010）考点1009080706050403020100999897969594939291非谓语动词不定式11111分词11111112222动名词121111独立主格2111并列句和复合句状语从句11321122211221211定语从句11321123121名词性从句1111121虚拟语气12143551212222213132比较级结构12411113211112情态动词121111111112111倒装21111强调和省略21副词和形容词41222111冠词1111固定搭配11112312111111反意疑问句11111111强调句代词1111111主谓一致111111句子成分3111时态1312112113专四英语语法考点串讲之一：虚拟语气考点1.If从句中的虚拟语气省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。1、与过去事实相反：从句sbhaddone，主句sbwould(should,could,might)+havedone；1.HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,she____muchbetterresultsnow.2008A.wouldbegettingB.couldhavegotC.mustgetD.wouldget2.Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe____toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.2007A.hadhadB.hasC.hadD.wouldhave3.___,hewouldnothaverecoveredsoquickly.2005/1995A.Hadn'thebeentakengoodcareofB.HadhenotbeentakengoodcareofC.HadnothebeentakengoodcareofD.Hadhebeennottakengoodcareof4.I___thepartymuchmoreiftherehadn’tbeenquitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.2004/1996A.wouldenjoyB.willhaveenjoyedC.wouldhaveenjoyedD.willbeenjoying5.Allofuswouldhaveenjoyedthepartymuchmoreifthere___quitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.2004/2000A.weren’tB.hasn’tbeenC.hadn’tbeenD.wouldn’t6.___forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheexam.2002A.HaditnotbeenB.Hadn’titbeenC.WasitnotD.Wereitnot7._____enoughtimeandmoney,theresearcherswouldhavebeenabletodiscovermoreinthisfield.1998a.Givingb.Togivec.Givend.Beinggiven8.Iwastohavemadeaspeechif___.1997A.IwasnotcalledawayB.nobodywouldhavecalledmeawayC.IhadnotbeencalledawayD.nobodycalledmeaway9._____time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.1996A.HavingB.GivenC.GivingD.Had10.Wecould___himwithadetachedhousewhenhecame,buthehadspecificallyaskedforasmallflat.1995A.provideB.haveprovidedC.notprovideD.nothaveprovided11.______youwerebusy,Iwouldn’thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.1994A.IfIrealizedB.HadIrealizedC.IrealizedthatD.AsIrealized12._____theirhelp,wewouldnothavesucceeded.1992A.Hadn'tbeenforB.HaditnotbeenforC.Ithadn'tbeenforD.Hadnotitbeenfor13.Ifyou_____insuchahurryyousugarintothesauceinsteadofsalt.1992A.werenot,wouldnotputB.were,wouldputC.hadbeen,wouldhaveputD.hadnotbeen,wouldnothaveput14.Didyouhearofhisdeath?'Yes.Ifhe___intime,he___.”1990A.hadbeenoperatedon,mightnotdieB.hadbeenoperatedon,mightnothavediedC.wereoperatedon,mightnotdieD.wereoperatedon,-mightnothavedied2、与现在事实相反：从句sbdid(were)，主句sbwould(should,could,might)+do；1.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English_____mucheasiertolearn.2009A.couldhavebeenB.wouldbeC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen2.“You______borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem,”Itoldmyfriend.2007A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can3.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he________abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.2005A.wouldbeB.willhavebeenC.wasD.Were4.IfIknewJapanese,I______fortheposition.19914A.wouldapplyB.willapplyC.mayhaveappliedD.willhaveapplied3、与将来事实相反：从句sbdid(should+do或were+todo)，主句sbwould(should,could,might)+do。1._____you_____furtherproblemswithyourprinter,contactyourdealerforadvice.2005A.If,hadB.Have,hadC.Should,haveD.Incase,had2.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness_______leftuntreated.2000A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unless3.Ifyourcar____anyattentionduringthefirst12months,takeittoanauthorizeddealer.(1998)A.shallneedB.shouldneedC.wouldneedD.willneed4、错综条件句，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。根据历年真题能看出，一般以考察从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟为主，即从句sbhaddone，主句sbwould(should,could,might)+do；1.Ifonlythepatient______adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.2007A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving2.____ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?2004A.WouldyoubesurprisedB.WereyousurprisedC.Hadyoubeensurprised考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,ask,require,request,demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。1.Itwasrecommendedthatpassengers___smokeduringtheflight.(2004/1994)A.notB.neednotC.couldnotD.wouldnot2.Heleftordersthatnothing______toucheduntilthepolicearrivedhere.1997A.shouldbeB.oughttobeC.mustbeD.wouldbe3.Sheaskedthatshe______allowedtoseehersoninpolicecustody.1993A.wouldbeB.couldbeC.beD.was4.Theteacherdemanded______hisessayimmediately.1991A.TomtohandinB.thatTomhandsinC.thatTomhandedinD.thatTomhandin考点3：Itis+advisable,essential,important,imperative,incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。1.Itisnecessarythathe____theassignmentwithoutdelay.2010A.handinB.handsinC.musthandinD.hastohandin2.ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam____hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.2007A.willcontinueB.continuedC.continueD.continues3.Itisimperativethatthegovernment__moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.2006A.attractsB.shallattractC.attractD.hasto4.Itisimperativethatstudents____theirtermpapersontime.2004A.handinavetohandin5.Theopeningceremonyisagreatoccasion.Itisessential_____forthat.2003A.forustobepreparedB.thatwearepreparedC.ofustobepreparedD.ourbeingprepared考点4：itis(high/about)timethat的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如:1.It’shightimewe__cuttingdowntherainforests.2006AstoppedBhadtostopCshallstopDstop2.Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe________us.Ithinkit’shightimewe________strongactions