制度的演进与建构统一论

湘潭大学硕士学位论文制度的演进与建构统一论姓名：周芳检申请学位级别：硕士专业：马克思主义哲学指导教师：张建民20070526IIIAbstractDengXiaopinghassomepenetratingdiscussionabouttheinstitutionsuchas“Themostimportantistheinstitution”,“Theinstitutionisthedeterminativefactor”,and“Thegoodinstitutioncanmakethebadboybecomegood,whilethebadinstitutioncanmakethegoodboybecomebad”.Myrdal,aNobellaureate,Swedisheconomist,pointedoutthatthefactorthatrestrictdevelopingcountries’economicdevelopmentistheinstitutionandpeople’sideology.Inchinaduringthetransferringtime,institutingisbecomingthefocusofeachsubject’sresearch.Athome,manyscholarsresearchedtheexternalinstitutiondetailedlyandfully,buttheyhavenotpaidmuchattentiontotheinternaloneandneglecttosummarizeandanalyzetheevolutionofinstitutionwiththemethodofstandardeconomicandothermorescientificwaylogicallyandcompletely.Atthesametime,howtomaketheinternalandexternalinstitution’sorganicinteractandperfectcoincidenceisalwaysablindspotintheoreticalfield.Inthisarticle,thewritertriedtoregardthehistoricalmaterialismasguidingprinciple,startedfromtheeconomicethicalangel,usedtheGame,that’sthemoderntoolofthinking,discussedaroundthetopicthatinstitutionisthedialecticalunityofspontaneousevolutionandrationalconstruction.Inthehistory,constructionrationalistwhosedelegateisNorthbelievedthathumancanconstructtheidealinstitutionbytheirsense;whiletheevolutionrationalistwhosedelegateisHayekbelievedthathuman’ssenseislimited,theymaintainedthattheinstitution’sformationandevolutionisanaturalevolvementprocess.Guidedbythehistoricalmaterialism,thewritercriticizedthetwoextremekindsofanalyzingtheinstitution;putforwardaviewpointthatinstitutionisnotonlytheevolutional,butalsotheconstructional.Asanobjectofmanystudies,theinstitutionhasmanymeans.Onthegroundofthescholars’discussionaboutthedefinitionoftheinstitution,thewritergraspedtheessenceoftheinstitutiononthewhole;analyzeditsclassificationandreviewedtheclassifystandardonthemeaningofontologyemphatically,thatwasdividingtheinstitutionintointernalandexternalone;revealedtheinstitution’smicrocosmicconstructionoforganicinteractandthenaturaladvantageoftheGameasthemodernthinkingtoolinanalyzingtheinstitution.Withthenarrationwayofgeneral-dividing-general,thewriterdiscussedthegeneraltheoryanddeepregularoftheevolutionprocessofcustom,tradition,routine,ethicandcustomarylawintheinternalinstitution;revealedthetwokindsofvalueprincipleinestablishingtheIIIexternalinstitutiondeeply,that’sprofitandjusticeandtheirintricaterelationship.Inthelast,thearticlesummarizedthedialecticalunityrelationshipoftheinstitutionevolutionandconstruction,onthegroundofthis,thewriterthoughtandintrospectedhowtotransferthetraditionalinternalinstitutionandhowtostrengthentheethicandlaw’sconstructiontofitupwithmarketeconomic.Keywords:Institution;Evolution;Construction;Unity;Game11.11.2H.PeytonYoungAvnerGreifDavidHumeJean-JacquesRousseauImmanuelKantJohnRawls2prudentialreasoningmoralreasoning20046631.3200542.1802.2.[M].,1994,225-226..[M].,1999,89.5(2)[M].1995,32-33.63.13.1.1(K·Mannheim):(1)[M].1995,56.[].[M].,:2001,328—329.7[].()[M].,1962,86.[]P.[M].,,1989,12.83.1.2(3)[M].1960,79.93.1.311013.23.2.1(J·VonNeuman)201944(OskarMorgenstern)(TheTheoryofGamesandEconomicBehavior,PrincetonUniversityPress)11(Game)(Players)(Strategies)(Payoffs)NashEquilibrium1053331000105553.[M].1999,1.123.2.2,:N,13144.14.1.1(3)[M].1995,211..[M].2001,158.154.1.2usages16customsABBA11.[M].2001,165.ABA2234B4311174.1.390H.PeytonYoung184.1.4(pathdependence)C(1)[M].1995,585.19,204.2(Sugden)4.2.121ABAB8AB3ABA12BB0A1A2B1(3,3)(12,0)B2(0,12)(88)AB(3,3)A2B28812033A1B2A2B1A1B1A2B222(A1612+3=15)A12-8=44A2B24.2.21970234.34.3.1244.3.219FriedrichCardvonSavigny25300011265.1[]M.[M].1988,521.27,,TheTragedyoftheCommonsHardin1968,,,(1)[M].1995,79.(2)[M],1995,32.285.2justitiajustice295.330,JucticeEternelleAProtousFace.:[M].,1999,252.31326.1336.2346.2.1208090356.2.2366.36.3.1(1)37(2)(2)[M].1957,167.(2)[M].1994.146.(2)[M].1995,610.38(3)39(4)6.3.2“”“”40“”“”“therulebylaw”,“”“”“abovelaws”“”“”“theruleoflaw”“”“”“”“”“”4142,43(1)[M].:,1995:56,585.(2)[M].:,1995:32-33,610.(3)[M].:,1995:221.(2)[M].:,1957:167.(3)[M].:,1960:79.(2)[M].:,1994:146..[M].:,1997:25-309..[M].:,2006:1-242..[M].:,1997:103-156..[M].,:,1997:1-65..[M].,,:,1997:37-46..[M].,:,1999:89.[]C.[M].,:,1994:225-226..[M].,,,:,2003:1-392.[]C.[M].,:,1999:496-515.[].:[M].,,:,2000:20-35..[M].,:,1998:14-22..[M].:,2001:158,165..:[M].:,2005:53-234..[M].:,2003:30-133..—[M].:,2002:1-157..(1)[M].,,:,2003:141-204..[M].,,:,2003:1-228..[M].:,2005:1-276.44.()[M].:,2005:1-393..[M].:,1999:1-307..[M].:,2002:1-224..[M].,2005:132-155.,,.[M].:,2005:1-323.,.[M].:,2002:53-62..[M].:,2004:1-371..[M].:,2000:1-80.[].,[M].,:,1998:252.[].[M].,,:,2004:133-156.[]G.[M].,:,1999:1-49,206-243..[M].:,2005:1-290..[M].:,2005:109-201..[M].:,2001:129-185..()[M].::2005:110-149..[M].:,2002:5-150..[M].:,2005:1-254..[M].:,2004:1-42,51-65..[M].:2005:3-44..[M].:,2002:163-222..[M].:,2004:123-176,452-477..[M].:,2000:21-156..[M].:,1992:120-127,193-212..[M].:,1998:87-135..:[M].:,2004:55-108..[M].:,2004:152-188.45,461.20064.2.2