《英美概况》谢福之课后简答题及部分重点答案(精)

《英美概况》谢福之课后简答题及答案Chapter1geographypeopleandlanguage1.whatisthefullnameoftheU.K?A:thefullnameistheunitedkingdomofgreatBritainandnorthernIreland.2.WhydotouristsfromallovertheworldliketogotoScotland?A:becausetheyliketoenjoythebeautifulScottishscenery,todrinkthescotchwhiskyandtoseetheScotsmenwearingkiltsandplayingbagpipes.3.HowmanyperiodscanthedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguagebedividedintoandwhatarethey?A:thedevelopmentofEnglishlanguagebedividedintothreeperiod:oldEnglish,middleEnglish,modernEnglish.4.WhydidEnglishbecomemoreimportantaftertheBlackDeath?A:thelaboringandmerchantclassesgrewineconomicandsocialimportantaftertheBlackDeath.SoEnglishalsogrewinimportancecomparedtoFrench.Chapter2History1.WhatarethetwocomponentsoftheBritishparliament?A:theyaretheHouseofCommonsandtheHouseofLords.2.WhatweresomeofQueenVictoria’smajorachievements?A:theQueenVictoria’smajorachievementsinalmosteveryaspect:shepromotedfurtherindustrialrevolution,thebuildingofrailwaysandthegrowingoftradeandcommerce.Bytheendofherreign,Britishhaddevelopedtoanempireincludingaquarteroftheglobalpopulationandnearlyaquarteroftheworld’slandmass.3.WhatwerethetwocampsinEuropeinworldwarI?A:ThecentralpowerswhichincludedGermany,Austria-Hungary,theottomanempireandBulgariaandalliedpowerswhichweremainlycomprisedofFrance,theRussianempire,andBritishempire,Italyandtheunitedstates.5.WhydidBritaincooperatecloselywiththeunitedstatesafterworldwarII?A:becausetheywerealliedduringthewarandsharethesameworriesabouttheformersovietunion.Chapter3governmentandthecommonwealth1.Whatthethreefunctionsofthehouseofcommons?A:thethreefunctionsare:todraftlaws,toscrutinize,criticizeandrestraintheactivitiesofthegovernmentpolicy.2.WhyistheConservativepartysometimescalledthe“Right”?A:becausetheconservativepartyissupportedbylandownersandbusinessmen,whoareoftenfromthemiddleandupper-middleclass.3.WhatkindofpublicimagedoseliberaldemocratshaveinBritain?A:theliberaldemocratsisperceivedas“middle”betweentheconservationandthelaborparty.itiscomparativelyflexibleandpragmaticinitsbalanceoftheindividualandthesocial.itemphasizestheneedforachangeinBritain’sconstitutionalarrangementstomakethegovernmentmoredemocraticandaccountable.4.Whyareindependentcandidatesunlikelytowininthegeneralelection?A;Becauseeveniftheywereelected,theywouldbepowerlessinparliament.Therefore,itisnotpossibleformanypeopletovoteforindependentcandidates.Chapter4economy1.WhatwasthenegativeaspectofThatcher’sreformintheearly1980s?A:itsnegativeaspectwasarapidincreaseinunemployment.in1982,theunemploymentratereachedthelevelofthegreatdepressionyears,withthreemillionpeopleoutofwork.2.WhatarethecharacteristicsofBritain’sagriculture?A:britain’sagricultureischaracterizedbyasmallportionofthepopulationengagedinagricultureactivitieswithahighdegreeofmechanization.Althoughitemploysamere1%ofthecountry’slaborforce,itmeetsaround60%ofthenationaldemands.3.WhathappenedtoBritain’sbeefindustryinthemid-1990s?A:Britain’sbeefindustrywashitbadlybyBSE,resultinginabanonbeefexportsin1996.4.WhataresomeofthepopulartouristattractionsinBritain?ThepopulartouristattractionsinEnglandinclude:TheDorsetandtheEastDevonCoast,theLakeDistrict,Stonehenge,WindsorCastle,UniversitytownsofOxfordandCambridge,TowerofLondon,St.Paul’scathedralandsoon.Chapter5education,mediaandholidays1.WhatusedtobethemajorfunctionsofgrammarschoolsandvocationalschoolsinBritain?Themajorfunctionsofgrammarschoolsweretotrainthemostacademicallycapablestudentsandpreparethemforuniversity,whereasthemajorfunctionsofvocationalschoolsweretohelplesssuccessfulstudentstolearnatrade.2.WhatkindofsubjectsdoBritaincomprehensiveschoolsprovide?Britaincomprehensiveschoolsprovideageneraleducation,offeringbothacademicsubjectslikeliteratureandscience,andpracticalsubjectslikecookingandcarpentry.3.InwhatwaysdoBritishuniversitiesenjoycompleteacademicfreedom?Britishuniversitiesenjoycompleteacademicfreedombecausetheycanappointtheirownstaff,decidewhichstudentstoadmit,providetheirowncoursesandawardtheirowndegrees.4.Howdothestudentsintheopenuniversityreceivetheireducation?Thestudentsfollowuniversitycoursesthroughtextbooks,TVandradiobroadcasts,correspondence,video,andanetworkofstudycenters.5.WhatroledosethemediaplayinBritishleisureculture?ThemediaplayanessentialroleinBritishleisureculturesinceithelpstoshapethepublic’sopinion,determinepeople’smoralandpoliticalorientationandconsolidateorunderminetheruleoragovernment.Chapter6literature1.WhatarethethreecategoriesofShakespeare’splayandtheirrepresentatives?Shakespeare’splaysfallintothreecategories:comedy,tragedyandhistoricalplay.TherepresentativesofhiscomediesincludeAMidsummerNight’sDream,TheMerchantofVenice,AsYouLikeItandTwelfthNight.HismajorhistoricalplaysincludeRichardⅢ,HenryⅣandCleopatra.HisgreattragediesarerepresentedbyHamlet,Othello,KingLear,MacbethandRomeoandJuliet.2.WhatiscriticalRealism?criticalRealismisaliteraryschoolwhichflourishedinthe40sandearly50softhe19thcentury.thecriticalrealistsdescribedthechieftraitsofthesocietyandcriticizedthecapitalistsystemfromademocraticviewpoint.thegreatestEngli