高考英语阅读分类专练及详解-社会类

社会类(11)Rightisright.Right?Ofcourse.Butisleftwrong?Well,theRomansusedtothinkso.Theythoughtleft-handedpeopleweremistakesofnature.Latin,thelanguageoftheRomans,hadmanywordsthatexpressedthisview.Somewordsweusetodaystillhavethismeaning.TheLatinword“dexter”means“right”.TheEnglishword“dexterous”comesfromthisword.Itmeans“handy”(cleverwithhands).So,rightishandy.ButtheLatinwordforleftis“sinister”.TheEnglishword“sinister”comesfromthisword.Sinistermeans“evil”(verybad).Isitfairtocallright-handedpeoplehandyandleft-handedpeopleevil?Well,fairornot,manylanguageshavewordsthatexpresssuchbeliefs.InoldEnglish,thewordforleftmeans“weak”.Thatisn’tmuchofanimprovementover“evil”.Notverylongago,childrenwereoftenforcedtowritewiththeirrighthands.Doctorshavesincefoundthatthiscanbeveryharmful.Youshouldusethehandyouwereborntouse.Peoplewhousetheirlefthandsarejuststartingtogetbettertreatment.Butwhytheygetallthesebadnamesinthefirstplace?Onereasonmaybethattherearenotasmanyleft-handedpeopleasthereareright-handedpeople.Thereisoneleft-handedpersonforeveryfiveright-handedones.Peoplewhoaredifferentareoftenthoughttobewrong.Butattitudesdoseemtobechanging.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearefinallystartingtogiveleft-handedpeopleahand.1.Whatdoesthepassageleadustobelievewhenonewrites?A.Hecanonlyusehisrighthand.B.Hecanonlyusehislefthand.C.Hecanuseeitherhislefthandorhisrighthand.D.Hecanusebothhislefthandandhisrighthand.2.Thelastsentenceofthisarticlemeans________.A.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplewanttochangethehabitoftheleft-handedpeopleB.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtohelptheleft-handedpeopleC.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtouselefthandtowriteandsoonD.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtogiveupusingtheirlefthands3.Afterwereadthearticlewecancertainlyknowthat_______.A.left-handedpeoplehavebeentreatedpoorlyB.thenumberoftheleft-handedpeopleislargerthanthatofright-handedpeopleC.right-handedpeoplearemuchclevererthanleft-handedpeopleD.left-handedpeoplearelesssmartbuthardworking4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTright,accordingtothearticle?A.Atonetime,left-handedpeoplewereforcedtousetheirrighthands.B.Left-handedpeopletodayarebeingtreatedbetterthanthoseinthepast.C.Therearenotasmanyleft-handedpeopleasthereareright-handedpeopletoday.D.“Dexterous”comesfromLatin,means“evil”andEnglish“sinister”means“handy”.(1—4CBAD)【答案与解析】本文介绍人们对left-handed与right-handed不同的看法和态度。1.C。推断题。根据文章第2段最后一句医生的建议Youshouldusethehandyouwereborntouse可推知此题的答案为C。2.B。根据短语givesbahand的意思是“帮某人的忙”，可推知此题的答案为B。3.A。推断题。根据文章第1段对left的解释及第2段第1句讲强迫小孩用右手，可推知此题答案为A。4.D。细节题。根据文章第1段中的TheLatinword“dexter”means“right”.TheEnglishword“dexterous”comesfromthisword.Itmeans“handy”(cleverwithhands).So,rightishandy.ButtheLatinwordforleftis“sinister”.TheEnglishword“sinister”comesfromthisword.Sinistermeans“evil”(verybad)可推知此题答案为D。(12)TheInternethasledtoahugeincreaseincredit-card(信用卡)fraud.Yourcardinformationcouldevenbeforsaleinanillegalwebsite(非法网站).Websitesofferingcheapgoodsandservicesshouldberegardedwithcare.On-lineshopperswhoentertheircredit-cardinformationmayneverreceivethegoodstheythoughttheybought.Thethievesthengoshoppingwithyourcardnumber—orselltheinformationovertheInternet.Computershackers(黑客)havebrokendownsecurity(安全)systems,raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofcardholderinformation.Severalmonthsago,25,000customersofCDUniverse,anon-linemusicretailer(零售商),werenotlucky.Theirnames,addressesandcredit-cardnumberswerepostedonaWebsiteaftertheretailerrefusedtopayUS$157,828togetbacktheinformation.Credit-cardfirmsarenowfightingagainston-linefraud.MastercardisworkingonplansforWeb—onlycreditcard,withalowercreditlimit.Thecardcouldbeusedonlyforshoppingon-line.However,thereareafewsimplestepsyoucantaketokeepfrombeingcheated(欺骗).Askaboutyourcredit-cardfirm’son-linerules:UnderBritishlaw,cardholdershavetopaythefirstUS$78ofanyfraudulent(欺骗性的)spending.Andshoponlyatsecuresites;Sendyourcredit-cardinformationonlyiftheWebsiteoffersadvancedsecuresystem.Ifthesecurityisinplace,aletterwillappearinthebottomright-handcornerofyourscreen.TheWebsiteaddressmayalsostarthttps://—theextra“s”standsforsecure.Ifindoubt,giveyourcredit-cardinformationoverthetelephone.Keepyourpassword(密码)safe:Moston-linesitesrequireausernameandpasswordbeforeplacinganorder.Treatyourpasswordswithcare.1.WhatdomostpeopleworryabouttheInternetaccordingtothispassage?A.Alotofstolencredit-cardsweresoldontheInternet.B.FraudontheInternet.C.ManyWebsitesaredestroyed.D.ManyillegalWebsitesareontheInternet.2.Whatisthemeaningof“fraud”?A.Cheating.B.Sale.C.Payment.D.Safety.3.Howcanthethievesgettheinformationofthecreditcard?A.Thecustomersgivethemtheinformation.B.ThethievesstealtheinformationfromWebsites.C.Thecustomersselltheinformationtothem.D.Thethievesbuytheinformationfromcredit-cardfirms.4.Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthepassagegivetoyou?A.Four.B.Three.C.Five.D.Six.5.Youareshoppingonthesite: