裕兴新概念英语第二册完美打印版笔记-第33课

Lesson330utofdarkness冲出黑暗一．单词讲解darknessn．[u]黑暗，漆黑反义词brightness光明eg.Thehousewascompletedarkness．这个房子一片漆黑。dark[da:k]1)adj．黑暗的，漆黑的(light)adarkstreet黑暗的街道adarknight黑漆漆的晚上2)深色的，暗色的darksuit深色的西服darkhair深色的头发3)阴暗的，忧郁的darkexpression忧郁的表情4)不吉利的adarksheepinhisfamily害群之马adarkhorse黑马（竞赛中实力不明但被认为可能获胜的人）adj．+ness（名词后缀）n．dark-darknesscareful---carefulnessgood----goodnesscareless----carelessnessexplainV．解释，叙述，辩解，辩护，成为…的理由explainsthtosb对...解释…explain+that/wh从句解释例:Couldyouexplainthatquestiononceagain?你能再解释一下那个问题吗？Themanagerexplainedtothecustomerwhythegoodswerelate.经理对客人解释为什么货物晚了。Aweeklater,thegirlwasabletoexplainwhathadhappened.一个星期后，这个女孩才能解释发生了什么。Hewaslate.Heexplainedthatthebushadbrokendown.他解释说，公共汽车拋锚了。Howdoyouexplainyourrudebehavior?你怎么辩解你粗鲁的行为？Thatexplainshersuddenanger./Thatexplainswhyshegotangryallofasudden.那就是她为什么突然生气的原因。explainoneself为自己的行为立场辩解explanationn．[u]解释[C]解释的语言事实，情况Heresignedwithoutexplanation.他辞职没有做任何解释。Doyouhaveanyexplanationforyourbeinglater?对于你的迟到你要做任何解释吗？coastn．海岸，海滨（邻近海或洋的较宽阔或狭长的地域）eg.Weliveonthecoast．我们住在海滨。shore湖或海的边缘或水边的狭长陆地，比coast范围小。海岸，海滩eg.Sheswamtotheshore．她游到岸边。beachshore的倾斜部分，往往在涨潮时被漫过的bank河岸（江河，溪流的）TonguetwisterShesellsseashellsattheseashore.Andtheshellsshesellsareseashells,I'msure.Becauseifshesellsshellsattheseashore,theshellsshesellsareseashells,forsure.她在海岸线上卖海贝壳。我确定，她卖的贝壳一定是海贝壳。因为一旦她在海滩上卖贝壳的话，那么她卖的贝壳一定是海贝壳。storm1)n．风暴，暴风雪（常用构成复合词）arainstorm暴风雪asnowstorm暴雪aduststorm尘暴asandstorm沙暴athunderstorm大雷雨brainstorm群策群力eg.Afterastormcomesacalm．（谚）雨过天晴，否极泰来。2)（喝彩，责难等的）嘈杂声，（枪弹的）纷飞，（感情的）激动...astormofapplause暴雨般的鼓掌喝彩3)becaughtinastorm遭遇暴风雨becaughtintherain淋雨eg.Astorminateacup.小事惹起的轩然大波小题大做，大惊小怪。4)wind风breeze微风tornado龙卷风cyclone暴风，旋风storm风暴gust阵风gate强风hurricane飓风typhoon台风rockl)n．岩石eg.Thehouseisbuiltonarock．这些房子被建在岩石上面。climbuparock爬上岩石2)pl．暗礁3)rock(candy)冰糖（美）(sugar)candy(英)4)V．摇动，震动，晃动rockababytosleep/rockababyasleep摇婴儿睡觉Ourboatrockedtoandfromonthewaves我们的船随波摆来摆去。Rockyourbody，everybody.摇动你的身体，晃动身体。5)V．使（某人）震惊例:Thenewsofthepresident'sdeathrockedthecompany.总裁的去世震惊了整个公司rocktheboat（团队中某个人）兴风作浪，捣乱rock'n'roll摇滚乐20世纪50年代由黑人音乐和西部乡村音乐混合而成light1)n．光线，光亮thelightofthesun阳光thelightofthelamp灯光thetightofthefire火光2)n．光源，尤指电灯turnonthelight打开灯turnoffthetight关掉灯例:FromtheTVtower,wecanseethelightsofBeijing.从电视塔上，我们可以看到北京的万家灯火。Keepgoing;thelightsaregreen．继续开吧，是绿灯。Aseaoflightsandariverofcars,haveyounoticedthebeautifulnight-scenesinBeijing?你看到灯的海洋和车的河流映衬的北京的夜景多么美了吗？3)n．火柴，打火机等的火eg.Canyougivemealight?能借个火吗？Putalighttosth点火accordingtoone'slights根据自己的判断能力bringsthtolight揭露eg.Hispastwasbroughttolight他的过去公布于众。in(the)lightof鉴于ahead1)adj./adv.（空间性的）在前面，向前反义词behindeg.Hepassedmeandranahead．他经过我身边又跑了。Shesawalightahead．她看见前面有灯光。MayIuseyourdictionary?我能借一下你的字典用吗？Goahead．用吧。2)（时间性的）预先，事前thinkahead事先考虑planahead实现计划eg.Trytolookaheadtothefuture事先计划一下将来。Ourteamisaheadbythreeruns．我们队领先了三分。表语形容词asleep睡着的alike相似的alone独自的alive活着的ahead前面的cliffn．悬崖，峭壁，绝壁(pl．cliffs)standontheedgeofacliff站在悬崖边上precipice绝壁，断崖standontheedgeofprecipice濒临危机例:Thecountry'seconomywasontheedgeofaprecipice.该国经济处于崩溃的边缘。struggle1)v．斗争strugglewithsb/fightwithsb和…打斗例:Thelandlordstruggledwiththethief.店主和小偷扭打在一起。struggleforsth为…斗争，努力struggleagainststh反对…而斗争fightforfreedom/struggleforfreedom为自由而战例:Thepeoplearestrugglingforfreedom.人们为了自由而斗争着。ChinesepeoplestruggleagainstJapaneseforeightyears.中国人民同日本侵略者斗争了八年。2)v．挣扎，艰难的前进makeone'swaywithdifficulty．eg.Shestruggledupthecliff．她艰难的爬上悬崖。Thechickfinallybrokethroughtheshellandstruggledout.小鸡终于冲破蛋壳，挣扎出来了。3)n．挣扎，手脚乱动，奋斗例:Don'tgiveupwithoutastruggle.你不要没有努力就放弃。hospitaln．医院anemergencyhospital急诊医院gointo(the)hospital住院/bein(the)hospitalleave(the)hospital出院住院，出院在美国英语要加the，在英国英语中则通常不加the。易混淆的词hospitalityn．[u]殷勤招待，厚待['hɔspi'tæliti]givehospitalitytoapersonshowhospitalitytoaperson款待（某人）二、关键句型Keystructures表方向介词：to，from，into，outof，for，towards，at等与动词的搭配问题。1.phraseswithtoandfromfromdoortodoor挨家挨户fromcovertocover从头读到尾frombeginningtoend从头到尾fromChinatoPeru从中国到秘鲁（遍天下）fromhandtomouth所挣的钱仅够糊口eg.HeflewtoWashingtonlastnight.HewillbeflyingfromWashingtontoChicagoonWednesday.他在昨天晚上飞往华盛顿。他将于周三从华盛顿飞往芝加哥。2.phraseswithintoandoutof1)into:entrance进入in:position在...里在...地方2)outof:exit离开，出去例:WhereisCarol?Shehasjustgoneintothekitchen.Wheredidyouthrowthatpieceofpaper?Ithrewitoutofthewindow.3.phraseswithforfor:thedestinationforjourney一个旅途的目的地eg.Wesetoutforthevillageatsixo'clocknextmorning.我们第二天早上6点出发去那个村庄。GeorgehasleftforScotland.乔治己动身去苏格兰了。leavesomewhere离开某地leaveforsomewhere离开去某地4.phraseswithtowardstowards:directionapproachingaplace朝着eg.Thecarcametowardsme车朝我开来了。Sheswamtowardstheshore．她朝岸边游了过去。Sheswamtotheshore她游到到了岸边。5.phraseswithatat放某些动词后含有“不礼貌”“攻击性”的含义。eg.Shethrewtheballtome她把球扔给了我。Theboythrewastoneatthedog.这个男孩拿石头砸向了狗。Don'tshoutatothers不要对别人大喊大叫。Itissonoisythatwehavetoshouttoeachother.这里太吵了，以至我们不得不喊着说话。Itisrudetopointatpeople．用手指着别人是不礼貌的。三、课文讲解TextNearlyaweekpassedbeforethegirlwasabletoexplainwhathadhappenedtoher.passedpassv．经过例:Hepassedmyhousethismorning.他今天早上经过我的房子。passtheexam考试及格failintheexam考试不及格past1)prep．经过eg.Hewalkedpastmyhouse．他经过我的房子。2)adj．过去的例:Hetoldmeabouthispastexperi