2019届高考英语二轮题海特训营(5)阅读理解推理判断一

阅读理解-推理判断一1、In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy(识字)rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoralorjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It’spartlytruethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.2.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress________.A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpublicationD.hisimportanceinliterature3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.2、DanielHernandezalwayswantedtohelppeople.Beforehe’devengraduatedfromhighschool,hetrainedtobeacertifiednursingassistantandvolunteeredatanursinghome.Hethendecidedtoworkinpublicservice.InhisjunioryearattheUniversityofArizona,hemajoredinpoliticalscienceandbeganvolunteeringinpoliticalactivities.OneofhisheroeswasGabrielleGiffords.Whenpickedforaninternship(实习期)withher,hegladlygaveupapart-timesalesjob.Soeagerwashethathestartedworkfourdaysearly.OnSaturdaymorning,January8,hearrivedatLaToscanaVillagemarketnorthofTucsonandbegansettinguptablesinfrontofaSafewaystorewhere30orsopeopleweregatheringtomeetGiffords.At10:10a.m.,Hernandezheardloudsounds.“Gun!”someoneshouted.Heheardpeoplescreaming,sawthemfallingtotheground.Hernandezwasstanding30feetawayfromGiffordswhenshefelldown.Inseconds,hewasatherside.Everywherearoundhimwaschaos,butHernandezwilledhimselftoremaincalm.Giffordswaslyingonthesidewalk;bloodwasstreamingdownherfacefromabulletwoundonherhead.Gently,Hernandezliftedherintoasittingpositionagainsthisshoulder.Then,withhishand,heappliedpressuretothewoundonherforeheadtopreventtheflowofblood.Hecalmedherandtoldherallwouldbewell.Minuteslater,ambulancesarrivedonthescene.StillHernandezstayedwithGiffords,holdingherhandandtalking.“Ijustmadesuresheknewshewasn’talone,”hesays.“WhenItoldherI'dcontactherhusbandMark,shesqueezedmyhandhard.”Nineteenpeoplefellvictimtoacrazymanthatday.Giffords,thoughwounded,survivedinnosmallpartbecauseofHernandez’squickactions.Hernandezdidaheroicthing.Thoughhedoesn'tthinkso,thepeopleofTucsonandthenationaregratefulthatDanielHernandezwasthereatthatkeymoment,fourdaysearlierthanhewassupposedtobe.1.WheredidDanielHernandezevervolunteerbeforetheaccident?A.AttheUniversityofArizona.B.Atastoreforaproduct.C.Atanursinghome.D.Athishighschool.2.WhydidHernandezstaywithGabrielleGiffordsassoonaspossible?A.GabrielleGiffordswashishero.B.Heworkedasasecurityguards.C.HeknewGabrielleGiffordswasindanger.D.Heknewhowtotreatherwound.3.Accordingtothelastparagraph,tothepeopleofTucson,GabrielleGiffords______.A.workedhardattheSafewaystoreB.wasoneofDanielHernandez’sfriendsC.didareallyheroicthingthatdayD.wasluckytosurvivetheaccident3、Sciencehasalotofuses.Itcanuncoverlawsofnature,curediseases,makebombs,andhelpbridgestostandup.Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere’salwaysatemptation(诱惑)todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful.DavidBrooks,authorofTheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesofLove,Character,andAchievement,appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptation.Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks.HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal,however,ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks.Itisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics.Thebookfocusesonbigquestions:Whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature?Whatarethesourcesofcharacter?Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren’t?Toanswerthesequestions,Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines(学科).Consideringthis,youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts.ButBrookshasstructuredhisboo