初中英语语法—连词

稻田一中李培军连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分，主要作用是连接单词与单词、短语与短语、句子与句子。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。一、并列连词1.Marylikesmusic___Tomisfoundofsports.A.andB.butC.bothAandB2.Ifailedagain,___Iwon’tgiveup.A.andB.butC.so3.Thisismyfirstlesson,__Idon’tknowyournames.A.andB.butC.soand:表对等“和、并且”but:表转折“但是”so:表因果“所以”and,or,but,so基本用法1.Whichdoyoulikebetter,apples,__pears?A.andB.butC.or2.Nowwehavenotime_____money.A.soB.andC.oror:1.用于疑问句,表选择2.用于否定句,表并列（肯定句用and）3.Christine,Aileen_____(和)Iaregoodfriends.Studyhard,______(否则)you’llfallbehind.4.Areyoucomingbybus____(或者)onfoot?andoror1.Tryyourbest__you’llmakemoreprogress.A.andB.butC.or2.Don’tloseheart,__you’llloseall.A.andB.soC.orand和or都可以在祈使句中使用.and通常是比较好的结果;or则表示不愉快或不理想的结果.and,or,but,so基本用法1.It’sgettingwarmer__warmer.A.andB.butC.or2.Heorthetwins__theUSA.A.comesfromB.comefromC.isfrom4.NotTombutI___goingtogivethetalk.A.amB.isC.areadj.比+and+adj.比表示越来越…AorB和notAbutB结构作主语时，谓语动词要使用就近原则。and,or,but,so特殊用法1.AlthoughIhavepassedtheexam,___Iamnotpleasedwiththeresult.A.andB.butC./and,or,but,so特殊用法although和but不能同时出现。“so+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语”句型为倒装结构，意思为“…也是如此”，系动词、情态动词或助动词必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致。例：-IlikereadingnovelswhenIamfree.有空闲时我喜欢读小说。-SodoI.我也是。“so+主语+情态动词/助动词/be动词”表示对上文所说的情况加以肯定。意思为“…确实如此”。-Heworkshard.他工作努力。-Sohedoes,andsodoeshisbrother.他确实是这样，他兄弟也是如此。2.So的特殊用法1.BothPeterandI___goingtoGuangzhou.A.areB.isC.am2.Eitherapplesorrice__Ok.Iamhungry.A.areB.isC./3.NeitherInormyparents___totellyouthetruth.A.wantsB.wantC.isgoingto4.NotonlyIbutalsoJane__surethatwe’llwin.A.isB.areC.amboth…and…either…or…neither…nor…notonly…butalso…以上结构做主语，除both…and…谓语要用复数外，其余都使用就近原则。1、这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。Theweatherhereis___________toohot________toocold.2、她不但美丽而且聪明。Sheis________pretty__________clever.3、不是你对就是我对。_______you_______I_____correct(形容词：正确的).neithernornotonlybutalsoEitheroram用适当的连词填空连词练习连接条件状语从句：1、You’llbelate_____(如果)youdon’tgetupearlytomorrow.2、I’llcometoseeyou_______(如果)I’mfreenextSaturday.3、We’llhaveapicnictomorrow_______(如果)itdoesn’traintomorrow.*注意状语从句的时态：“主将从现”。ififif连词练习连接时间状语从句1.Iwascleaningthefloor_____(当…的时候)sheknockedatthedoor.2.Dickclimbedupintoatree_________________(一…就)hesawthebear.3.Iknewnothingaboutit_____(直到…才)myfriendtoldmeyesterday.4.Ihaven’theardfromBill______(自从)wegraduatedfrommiddleschool.whenassoonasuntilsince连接原因、结果状语从句1.YoushouldreturnthedigitalcameratoSally_____shewillnotbeangry.A.sothatB.becauseC.before2.Hewashurt____badly_____hehadtoseeadoctor.A.too…toB.so…thatC.sothat3.Hetookoffhiscoat______itwastoohotintheroom.A.AndB.sinceC.but4.Solomissedthebus____hewaslateforschool.A.becauseB.soC.or连接让步状语从句1.Tomisstilldoinghishomework___itisverylate.A.sothatB.eventhoughC.if2.Ineverseemtoputonanyweight,____hardItry.A.thoughB.nomatterhow3.IenjoylearningEnglish,__ittakesmealotoftime.A.unlessB.althoughC.because4.IwillnevergiveuplearningEnglish___________(即使)itisdifficult.eventhough1)如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：Istayedathomebecauseitrained.---Whyaren’tyougoing?---BecauseIdon’twantto.2)如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：Ashewasn’tready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Ican’tbuyanyfood.3)for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。for引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：Idecidedtostopandhavelunch，forIwasfeelingquitehungry.as,because,since,for连词用法比较三者均可译为“在……时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；若主从句动作同时发生，且强调“一边一边”这样的意思，一般用as。WhenIcameintotheroom,Ifoundhimlyingthereasleep.Shesangasshewalked.她一边走一边唱歌。注意：while可以表示对比关系“然而”。Heisshortwhilehisbrotheristall.when，while，as连词用法比较if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句是一般可互换。例如：Iwonderwhether(if)youstillstudyinthatschool.在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：①.在不定式前。例如：Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.②.用or并列两项以上时。例如：Idon’tnowwhetherhecomesornot.③.从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。Itdependsonwhetheritwillbefine.那得看是不是晴天。④.作discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.我们讨论是不是该关掉商店if,whether连词用法比较1)so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：I’msotiredthatIcan’twalkanyfarther.Itwassuchawarmdaythathewentswimming.2)如果在名词之前有many,much,little,few时，用so,不用such。例如：Hehassolittleeducationthatheisunabletogetajob.so…that,such...that连词用法比较1.I’lltellyourfatherthetruthassoonashe___here.A.arrivesB.arrivedC.arrivesat2.Wedon’tknowifhe___usforthepicnic.I’llcallyouifhe____.A.joins;comesB.willjoin;comesC.willjoin;willcome3.Nobodyknowswhenthewindows___.ButI’lltellyouwhenI___theanswer.A.broke;findoutB.broken;willfindoutC.werebroken;findout连词用法练习4.Youwon’tunderstanduntilyou___him.A.meetB.meetingC.willmeet5.YouwillfailinEnglish___youworkhard.A.becauseB.unlessC.if6.Justbecauseweareyoung,___weshouldworkevenharder.A.soB./C.but7.Ithasbeensevenyearssincehe__here.A.leftB.leavesC.leave连词用法练习8.Thelittleboy___whenIcamein.A.fallsdownB.felldownC.wasfelldown9.Wewerereadingwhentheteacher__in.A.cameB.comesC.iscoming10.Hebecameadoctorwhenhe____theuniversity.A.graduatedfromB.graduatefromC.graduatedfor11.Tomworksinahospital___Maryworksinacompany.A.becauseB.untilC.while12.Whilehismotherwaswashing,he___hishomework.A.do