共沸数据手册

AZEOTROPICDATA—IICompiledbyLEEH.HORSLEYTheDowChemicalCo.Midland,Mich.WiththecooperationofWILLIAMS.TAMPLINUnionCarbideChemicalsCo.SouthCharleston,W.Va.Number35ADVANCESINCHEMISTRYSERIESAmericanChemicalSocietyWashington,D.C.1962Copyright©1962AMERICANCHEMICALSOCIETYAllRightsReservedLibraryofCongressCatalogCard52-3085PRINTEDINTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICAADVANCESINCHEMISTRYSERIESRobertF.Gould,EditorAMERICANCHEMICALSOCIETYAPPLIEDPUBLICATIONSADVISORYBOARDAllenL.AlexanderWilliamJ.SparksJohnH.FletcherCalvinL.StevensWayneW.HiltyGlennE.UllyotWalterC.SaemanCalvinA.VanderWerfGeorgeW.WattINTRODUCTIONThisvolumeisasupplementtoAzeotropicDatapublishedasADVANCESINCHEMISTRYSERIESNO.6,AmericanChemicalSociety(1952).Itincludesreviseddataonsystemsintheoriginaltableplusnewdataonazeotropes,nonazeotropes,andvapor-liquidequilibriacollectedsince1952.Noattempthasbeenmadetoevaluatethedata.Whereappreciabledifferencesoccurindatafromdifferentsources,morethanonesetofdataisrecorded.Whereminordifferencesoccur,onlyonesetofdataisrecorded,butallreferencesarecited.Abriefdescriptionisincludedforcalculatingazeotropicdataforimmisciblesystemsfromvaporpressuredata.Ingeneraldatahavebeenobtainedfromtheoriginalliterature.Wheretheoriginalliteraturewasnotavailable,datahavebeentakenfromChemicalAbstracts.Inafewinstances,datahavebeentakenfromcollectionsofazeotropicdatainhandbooks,reviewarticles,andsoforth.AcknowledgmentismadetoCommercialSolventsCorp.,TheDowChemicalCo.,EastmanChemicalProductsInc.,FarbenwerkeHoechst,ImperialChemicalIndustriesLimited,MinnesotaMiningandManufacturingCo.,andUnionCarbideChemicalsCo.forsupplyingunpublisheddataforinclusioninthetables.Thetablesarearrangedinthesamemannerasthepreviousvolume.ThisisbasedonempiricalformulaasinChemicalAbstractsexceptthatallinorganiccompoundsarelistedfirst,alphabeticallybyempiricalformula.ForagivenbinarysystemthelowerordercomponentaccordingtoempiricalformulaischosenastheΑ-componentandundereachΑ-componenttheB-com-ponentsarealsoarrangedaccordingtoempiricalformula.Forternaryandquarternarysystemsthesamearrangementisused,usingthelowestorderformulaasΑ-component,thenextlowestorderasB-component,andsoon.Withafewexceptionsforcommonchemicalnames,nomenclatureinthetablesfollowstheChemicalAbstractsnomenclaturesystem.Abbreviationsmax.b.p.Maximumboilingpointazeotrope(negativeazeotrope)min.b.p.Minimumboilingpointazeotrope(positiveazeotrope)atm.Pressureinstandardatmospheresmm.PressureinmillimetersofHgp.s.i.a.Pressureinpoundspersquareinchabsolutep.s.i.g.Pressureinpoundspersquareinchgagev-1.Vapor-liquidequilibriumdataaregivenintheoriginalreferencev.p.Vaporpressurevol.%Azeotropicconcentrationisgiveninvolumepercent.Unlesssoindicated,allconcentrationdataareinweight%r^Approximate,Greaterthan,lessthan12ADVANCESINCHEMISTRYSERIESCorrectionsforAzeotropicData—IThefollowingerrorsappearedinAzeotropicData,ADVANCESINCHEMISTRYSERIESNO.6.PageSystem465ReplaceΑ-component,thionylchloride,withsulfurylchloride.6131Azeotropiccompositionis7.9wt.%.Thisisanerrorintheoriginalreference.7176FormulashouldbeC3H7N03.8240Replace57%with43%forazeotropiccomposition.9281Thissystemshouldfollowsystem277.10306Replacecyclohexanewithcyclohexene.13482Replace6.32by—6.32forb.p.ofmethylamine.19834-835Α-componentformulaisCHBr3.231059-1060Betweensystems1059and1060insert:A=CH2I2Diiodomethaneb.181°C.281389Replace59.05with49.05forazeotropicb.p.331696Α-componentformulaisC2HBrCl2.834708-4709Replace43.6with38forΑ-componentb.p.1146546Replace11with154.5forazeotropicb.p.123Betweensystem7090and7091,omit:A=C4H9Il-Iodo-2-methylpropane.1498651Replacereference244with243.1548920ReplaceC7H1604,2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-ethanol,withC6H1403,2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol,andinsertaftersystem8909.25114519%B-componentshouldbe93.4%.25714658%Α-componentshouldbe8.5%.267FormulaC1202S.Replacethionylchloridewithsulfurylchloride.284UnderC6H602,pyrocatechol,replacesystem3510with3570.296FormulaC8H18.Replace3-ethylheptanewith3-methyl-heptane.INTRODUCTION3CalculationofAzeotropicDataforImmiscibleSystemsTherearemanybinaryheterogeneousazeotropeswhicharenotlistedintheliteraturebecausetheazeotropicdatacanreadilybecalculatedfromthevaporpressuredataofthecomponents.Foramixtureoftwocompletelyimmiscibleliquidsthetotalvaporpressureisequaltothesumofthevaporpressuresofthetwocomponentsatagiventem­perature.Therefore,fromaplotofthevaporpressuresofthetwocomponents,itispossibletodeterminethetemperatureatwhichthesumofthevaporpres­suresisequalto760mm.Thistemperatureistheazeotropicboilingpointofthesystemat760mm.Theboilingpointatanyotherpressurecanbeobtainedinasimilarmanner.Further,theazeotropiccompositioncanbecalculatedfromtheexpressionMole%A—VAχ100VA=vaporpressureofcomponentAVB=vaporpressureofcomponentΒTableI.BinarySystemsB-ComponentAzeotropicDataNo.FormulaNameB.P.,°C.B.P.,°C.Wt.%ARef.AArgon-1861o2Oxygen-183Nonazeotropev-1711-15atm..........v-123290°-96°K.......v-13402C5F12Perfluoropentane,25°C....Nonazeotropev-1237AsCl3ArsenicChloride1303GeCl4Germaniumchloride86.5Nonazeotropev-1298BeF2BerylliumFluoride4FNaSodiumfluoride,509°-1