07-Group-dynamics

LectureTopic7:GROUPDYNAMICSI.GroupDefinedAcollectionoftwoormoreinterdependentandinteractiveindividualswhoareseekingtoattaincommonobjectives.WorkGroupsInformalgroupsFormalgroupsFriendshipgroupsTaskgroupsCommandgroupsInterestgroupsTypesofWorkGroupsII.StagesofGroupDevelopmentFormingStormingNormingPerformingAdjourningIII.GroupStructureFormalleadershipRolesRulesandnormsStatusSizeCompositionExpectedroleEnactedrolePerceivedroleRoleambiguityRoleconflictRoleRelationshipsNORMSBehavioralrulesofconductthathavebeenestablishedbymembersofthegroup.ConformitytoNormsPersonalfactorsAmbiguitySituationalfactorsXABCExamplesofCardsUsedinAschStudyNormsattheHawthorneWorks1.Youshouldnotturnouttoomuchwork.Ifyoudo,youarea“rate-buster.”2.Youshouldnotturnouttoolittlework.Ifyoudo,youarea“chiseler.”3.Youshouldnottellasuperioranythingthatwillreacttothedetrimentofanassociate.Ifyoudo,youarea“squealer.”4.Youshouldnotattempttomaintainsocialdistanceoractofficious.Ifyouareaninspector,forexample,youshouldnotactlikeone.5.Youshouldnotbenoisy,self-assertive,andanxiousforleadership.StatusDeterminantsAscribedvs.AchievedScalarvs.FunctionalPositionalvs.PersonalActivevs.Latent讨论一个单位领导班子的构成主要考虑哪些因素？IV.FactorsInfluencingGroupPerformanceNormsLeadershipCohesivenessTechnologyOrg.systemIndividualityTaskPERFORMANCE[InternalFactors][ExternalFactors]DeterminantsofCohesivenessTimespenttogetherSeverityofinitiationGroupsizeGenderofmembersCompetitionwithothergroupsPrevioussuccessesSimilarity/diversityofgroupmembersDiscussion“Highcohesivenessinagroupleadstohighergroupproductivity.”Doyouagree?Why?SocialLoafing—AProbleminGroupPerformanceThetendencyofindividualstoexertlesseffortwhentheyworkinagroupthanwhentheyworkalone.SuckerEffect—Aconditioninwhichsomegroupmembers,notwishingtobeconsideredsuckers,reducetheirowneffortswhentheyseesocialloafingbyothergroupmembers.DiscussionHowtoreducesocialloafing?