动名词

一.动名词做主语的用法动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：Seeingisbelieving.Helpingherismyduty.GrammarTalkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。Workingwithyouisapleasure.和你一起工作是一种乐趣。动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如：It'srathertiringwalkingaroundinacity.不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswaswrong.（指抽象动作）（指具体动作）【考例】—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？—__________hernewbicycle．A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing解析：losinghernewbicycle是句子的主语，谓语madehersoupset被省略，losing…在此表示具体的动作。二.动名词作宾语的用法1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如admit,appreciate,avoid，can'tstand（不能忍受）,consider，delay,devote…to,dislikeenjoy，escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forgive,getdownto,giveup,imagine.insiston,keep(on),lookforwardto,mention,mind,miss（错过）,payattentionto,practice,putoff,stickto,suggest等等。Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth.做早操对你的健康有好处。Hershoeswantsmending.她的鞋该修理了。注意:当need,want,require,worth后面接doing也可以表示被动。Yourhairwantscutting.你的头发该理了。Thefloorrequireswashing.地板需要冲洗。Ihavefinishedwritingthisbook.我已经写完这本书了。【考例】Ican'timagine__________thatwiththem．A.doB.todoC.beingdoneD.doingShelooksforwardeveryspringto__________theflower-linedgarden．A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin解析：考查短语动词lookforwardto后跟动名词作宾语的用法。2.在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：Wedon'tallowsmokinghere．Wedon'tallowanybodytosmokehere．3.动词need,require,want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：Thewindowneeds／requires／wantscleaning／tobecleaned．4.在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。5.动词forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try,beusedto,can'thelp后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。forget,regret,remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。goondoing继续做原来做的事goontodo接着做另一件事meandoing意味着要做某事meantodo想要做某事stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下来（别的事）开始做某事trydoing试着做某事trytodo努力做某事beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事can'thelptodo不能帮助做某事【考例】—Let'shavearest．—Notnow．Idon'twanttostop__________yet．A.studyB.tostudyC.forstudyingD.studying解析：stopstudying意为“停止学习”。—Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists．—Don'tyouremember________methestoryyesterday？A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tohavetold解析:remembertellingme意为“记得曾经告诉过我”。1.Ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish_______mycar.A.repairingB.repairC.torepairD.repairedExcersice2.Haveyouforgotten___$1000frommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember____ittomorrow?A.borrowing;tobringB.toborrow;bringC.borrowed;bringingD.borrowing;bringing3.Theclassroomwants_____.A.cleanB.cleanedC.tocleanD.cleaning4.Jacksaidthathewouldn'tmind__forus.A.towaitB.waitC.waitingD.waited5.Mybrotherkeeps___mewithmywork.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped6.Weshouldoftenpractise___Englishwitheachother.A.tospeakB.spokeC.speakD.speaking7.Keepon____andyouwillsucceed.A.atryB.tryC.triingD.trying8.Hisparentsinsiston___tocollege.A.heshouldgoB.hegoC.hisgoingD.himtogo9.Thestorywassofunnythatwe___.A.couldn’thelplaughB.can’tbutlaughC.couldn’thelplaughingD.couldn’thelpbuttolaugh10.Thoughitsoundsabittoodear(昂贵),itisworth______.A.beingboughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buyingit11.Hedevotedhislifeto_____theatomictheory.A.studyB.bestudiedC.studyingD.havestudied12.Wearebothlookingforwardto__nextweek.A.goingonvocation(休假)B.goonvocationC.begoingonvocationD.havegoneonvocation13.Youmustpayattentionto___theworksofLuXun.A.readB.readingC.readerD.beread14.Youshouldworktonightinsteadof_____TV.A.towatchB.youwatchingC.youwatchD.watching15.Themicroscopeisusedfor__minute(微小的)objects.A.examiningB.beingexaminedC.examinedD.examine16.Mikehasgotused___uplateatnight.(stayup)A.tositB.XC.tosittingD.sitting17.Oncetheheartstops_____,deathfollowsatonce.A.beatingB.tobeatC.beingbeatenD.tobebeating18.Wearenowbusy_____fortheexamination.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.beingprepared19.Iremembered____thispersonsomewherebefore.A.seeingB.havingbeenseenC.seenD.tosee20.Iregret____thattoher.A.havingsaidB.tohavesaidC.tosayD.X21.Thepatientmustbeseparatedtoavoid(避免)____others.A.beinginfected(感染)B.infectingC.toinfectD.infected22.Yourclothesneed______.A.washedB.tobewashedC.towashD.beingwashed23._____providesuswithessentialnutrients(营养),while______providesuswithoxygen.A.Toeat;breathingB.Eating;tobreatheC.Eating;breathingD.Eaten;breathed24.Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultywehad______homeinthesnowstorm.(辽宁2007)A.walkedB.walkC.towalkD.walking25.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime______theexam.(福建2004)A.passB.topassC.passedD.passing26.—CanIsmokehere?—Sorry.Wedon’tallow______here.(江苏2007)A.peoplesmokingB.peoplesmokeC.tosmokeD.smoking27.Itisdifficulttoimaginehis______thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.(陕西2006)A.acceptB.acceptingC.toacceptD.accepted