language-and-gender

LanguageandGender1.Genderdifferenceinphonologicalawareness2.Genderdifferenceinlexicalchoice3.Genderdifferenceinsyntax1.Genderdifferenceinphonologicalawareness1.1PronunciationofwordsWomenareusuallymorestatus-consciousthanmenintheEnglish-speakingworld.e.g.Womenhavealowerfrequencyofusing-nfor-ngthanmendoinNorwich,England.Itmeansthatwomenareonthewholemorecorrectintheirpronunciationthanmenare.1.2Intonation(声调)inaspeechThefemaletendtohaveawiderrangeintheirintonation;thismakestheirspeechsoundsomewhataffected.1.3ChoiceofvocabularyWomenliketoexpresspolitely,lessassertivee.g:•Women:•wouldyou…•sogood,suchfun,lovelyetc..•oh,dear!oh,god!mygod!goodgod!.....•Men:•canyou…•Goddamnit!Damn!FUCKYOU!Shit!...etc.2.Genderdifferenceinlexicalchoice•he/manapproach:theuseofmaletermstorefertobothmalesandhumanbeingsingeneral.•Mankind,chairman,Britishman,fireman,mailman,spokesman,salesman,policeman,congressman,postman,history,etc.•Manywords’structuresareoriginallyneithergoodnorbad,butonlybecauseofpeople'sviewsandprejudicesofsocietytheyhavesuchmeansofdiscriminationagainstwomen.Forexample,whenpeoplerefertobothmenandwomen,thetwosidesarenotonanequalfooting,andtheyalwaysrefertomenfirst,suchaskingandqueen,brotherandsister,fatherandmother,boysandgirls,husbandandwife,AdamandEve,manandwoman,Mr.LucasandhiswifeLouise3.Genderdifferenceinsyntax1Heisahardman(他是个勤奋刻苦的人）Sheisahardwoman(她是个铁石心肠的冷面女人）2Heiscold(他沉着冷静）Sheiscold(她性格冷僻）3manonthestreet:ordinarypeople(普通人）womanonthestreet:aprostitute(妓女）acallboy:awaiteracallgirl:aprostitute（妓女）hiredbytelephone5animposingman:animpressiveman(他令人印象深刻）animposingwoman:sheiscoldandmerciless(她冷漠无情）InChinese•Character:奸，婪，妓，嫉，媚；•Vocab:阴毒，阴森，阴谋;男女，父母，夫妻，兄妹，儿女，•Idiom:男男女女，男才女貌，男尊女卑