高中英语-过去分词的用法

过去分词与用法归纳意义一、作定语动词的过去分词作定语时表示动作的被动和完成，单独及物动词的过去分词一般置于被修饰名词前，而过去分词短语则要位于名词之后。Thelostchildwasfoundatlast.Thechildlostintheparkwasfoundatlast.Thelostchildwasfoundatlast.Thechildlostintheparkwasfoundatlast.Pricesofdailygoods_____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.（2002春招）A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying过去分词作定语与其它非谓语形式的区别：1.过去分词done表示被动和完成；2.现在分词的主动式doing表示主动的、正在进行的动作；3.现在分词的被动式beingdone表示被动的、正在进行的动作；4.不定式的主动式todo表示一个将要发生的主动动作；5.不定式的被动式tobedone则表示一个将要发生的被动动作_______yesterdayThemeeting___________now(hold)__________tomorrowisofgreatimportance.(hold)heldbeingheldtobeheld二.表语动词的过去分词作表语，其实可以看作是过去分词的形容词化，说明的是主语在该动作完成后所处的状态，也有一定的被动意味。常用一般现在时和一般过去时，常见可以用作表语的过去分词有closed,covered,dressed,shut,broken,wounded,killed,finished,completed,injured,lost,gone,typed,known,written等。7.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesget_____bythehour.(’98NMET)A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay8.AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot_____frommyfriends.(2001NMET)A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed9.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain___astheplanewasmakingalanding.（’05上海春招）A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating10.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyoucan’thavetimeto_____beforetheparty.（’04全国I）A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange巩固练习1.Thestudents,______atthewaythequestionwasput,didn’tknowhowtoanswerit.A.beingsurprisedB.surprisingC.surprisedD.havingsurprised2.Thefirsttextbooks_____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(NMET94)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written3.Lookatthenote_____tothedoor,youwillseethatsomeonepaidavisitwhenweareaway.A.pinningB.pinnedC.beingpinnedD.ispinned4.Iwasvery____tofindalltheticketshadbeensoldoutwhenIgotthere.A.disappointB.todisappointC.disappointingD.disappointed5.---Awomanwaskilled.---Whereisthebodyofthe______woman?A.murderB.murderedC.murderingD.havingmurdered6.______Englishisasimportantas______English.A.Written;spokenB.Writing;spokeC.Towrite;speakingD.Written;speaking２过去分词作状语（１）原因状语1)Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlyyearsofschooling.2)Woundedintheleg,thesoldierhadtolieinbed.3)Notsatisfiedwiththeresult,wedecidedtomaketheexperimentagain.4)Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.5)Lostinthought,hedidn'tnoticeawomancomeintotheroom.(２)时间状语Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.从山上往下看，这个城市看起来很漂亮。(3)条件状语Givenmoretime,wearesuretofinishit.多给点时间，我们一定能及时完成任务。４）作背景状语４）作背景状语•Supportedbythepeople,ourtroops（部队）struckbackwithgunsandmachine-guns.•在人民的支持下，我们的部队用步枪和机枪回击。•Inspired（鼓舞）bythespiritofthespider(蜘蛛）,Brucecalledhismentogetherandmadeacarefulplan.•在蜘蛛的精神鼓舞下，布鲁斯召集他的部下，制定详细的计划．•特殊情况：一些表示独立的分词（短语）,其逻辑主语与句子的主语是不一致的，常见的这样的句子（短语）有：•Generallyspeaking,boysaremoreinterestedinsuchactivitiesthangirls.•Supposing(Suppose)heisabsent,whatshallwedo?•假设他不在,我们怎么办?•Judgingfromhisaccent(口音),hemustbefromtheSouth.•从他的口音上看，他肯定来自南方7.______withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.（NMET2004湖北）A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared8.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain______astheplanewasmakingalanding.(NMET2004上海春)A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating9.Whenfirst______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.（NMET2004II）A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced10.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan______.(NMET2003上海春)A.keptB.tobekeptC.keepingD.beingkept11.Hehadhisleg______whenplayingfootball.A.breakB.tobreakC.breakingD.broken12.Withthehomework______,hewasallowedtowatchthefootballmatch.A.finishedB.finishingC.tofinishD.tobefinished13.Withhisfinger______tothe______window,theteacherasked:“Whodidthat?”A.pointing;brokenB.pointed;brokenC.pointing;breakingD.pointed;breaking14.Yourumbrellawants______.Doyouwantit______?A.repairing;repairingB.repairing;repairedC.torepaired;torepaireD.toberepaired;repairing