欧进萍-工程创新人才培养的探索与实践

工程创新人才培养的探索与实践InnovationTraininginEngineering大连理工大学欧进萍OUJinpingDalianUniversityofTechnology04/09/2010科技革命催生：TechnologicalRevolution产业结构变化、新型产业兴起、行业界限打破Changeofindustrialstructure,riseofnewindustries,andbreakingoftheindustrialbound经济全球化伴生：AssociatedEconomicGlobalization全球化工业体系：技术、资源、市场、环境Globalindustrialsystem:technology,resource,market,environment现代工程观贯穿工程教育：ModernEngineeringViewBeingCarriedoutthroughEngineeringEducation人工大系统，生态循环，社会影响，多元价值Artificiallarge-scalesystems,ecologicalcycles,socialimpact,andmulti-value工程教育面临的主要挑战MainChallenges★制造业“大而不强”——基本用国外的技术生产国外的产品“Bigbutnotstrong”manufacturingindustry–largelyusingforeigntechnologytoproduceforeignproducts★高技术产业“外资独大”——70-90%高技术产品是外国独资和合资企业生产的“Foreigndominance”inhigh-techindustries–70-90%high-techproductsbeingproducedbyforeign-ownedenterprisesandjointventures工程教育急需创新，中国尤为迫切！InnovationisurgentlyneededinChina’sengineeringeducation!——高等工程教育规模（在校生672万人，2009）世界第一的中国理应支撑起本土自主产业的强劲发展——Asthebiggestholderasforscaleofhigherengineeringeducation(6,720,000studentsin2009),Chinashouldpropupastronglocal-industrialdevelopment.创新型国家建设任重道远：Longwaytowardsaninnovativecountry教学内容体系要更新教学方式和手段要改革人才培养模式要创新工程教育的理念要提升大规模培养具有创新精神和创新能力的工程人才CultivatingengineerswithinnovativespiritandabilityinlargescaleEnhancetheviewofengineeringeducationInnovatethetalent-trainingmodeUpdatetheteachingcontentandsystemReformtheteachingmethodsandmeans培养什么样的工程师？Whatkindofengineers?现代工程观什么要做创新的思维与理念现代工程师值不值做ModernengineersIsitworthdoing?——ViewofmodernengineeringWhattodo?——Innovativethinkingandideas传统工程师会不会做专业知识与技能traditionalengineersCanyoudoit?——Professionalknowledgeandskills创造是工程的本质属性，创新教育是工程教育的核心ForEngineeringEducation:Creation–EssentialattributeInnovation--Core工程链：Chain研究research开发develop设计design制造manufacture运营operation营销market管理manage方案plan产品product商品goods样品sample工程教育≠工程技术教育，工程教育≠科学教育engineeringeducationtechnologyeducationengineeringeducationscienceeducation手册工程师(manualengineers)科学家(scientists)—创新/创造能力=知识+能力+思想Innovation/Creativityknowledgeabilityideas—创新能力培养：知识是基础、思考是关键、实践是根本Innovativeabilitytraining:Knowledgefunctionsasthefoundation,thinkingasthekey,andpracticeasfundamental1.改革和创新培养模式Reformandupdatetrainingmode我校创新人才培养的探索与实践ExploreandPracticeforInnovativeTalentTrainingatDUT大类招生和培养Recruitandtrainingthestudentsbythelargeclassificationofsubjects工科：机、电、土、化类Engineering:mechanicaleng.,EE,civileng.,chemicaleng.--categoryⅠ人文社科管理：工管、经管、人文社科类HumanitiesandSocialSciences,Management:eng.Management,economics&management,humanitiesandsocialsciences--categoryⅡ例如化学化工类：化学、生物、化工、制药、环境Example:chemistry&chemicaleng.:chemistry,biology,chemicaleng.,pharmacy,andenvironment★基础科学创新班：数、理、化、力学Innovationclassofbasicscience:math,science,chemistry,mechanics例如电气信息类：电子信息工程、自动化、电气工程及其自动化、计算机科学与技术、集成电路设计与集成系统Example:electronics&information–electronic&informationeng.,automation,electricaleng.anditsautomation,computerscience&technology,ICdesignandintegrationsystem一、二年级实施通识和基础教育，三、四年级分专业培养implementationofgeneralandbasiceducationinthefirsttwoyears,professionaltrainingbysubjectclassificationinthethirdandfourthyears加强基础，拓宽专业，给学生更多的专业选择自主权strengthenthefoundation,broadentheprofileofspecialties,givemoreautonomyforstudentstochooseprofessions+理工科通识课Generaleducationcoursesofscienceandengineering人文社科Humanities&SocialSciences+人文社科通识课Generaleducationcoursesofsocialsciences理工科Science&Engineering实施通识教育——文理交融implementationofgeneraleducation–mixtureofscienceandliberalarts中国特色通识基础课GeneralbasiccourseswithChinesecharacteristics培养厚基础/宽专业复合型人才fosterversatiletalentswithsolidfoundationandwideprofessional数学+金融/软件mathfinance/software物理+电子/电气Physicselectrical/electronics化学+生物/化工/环境chemistrybiology/chemicaleng./environment力学+XMechanicsXX+管理Xmanagement基础雄厚，知识复合，发展潜力和空间更大Morepotentialandspacewillbeexploredwithsolidfoundationandcomplexknowledge.双专业、双学位dualprofessional,dualdegree博士（+博士后）PhD(+postdoctor)学术型硕士academicmaster应用型硕士applied&professionalmaster分层次、分阶段(或贯通式)培养hierarchicalstages(orlink-type)training工科本科(bachelorinengineering)现场工程师fieldengineers卓越工程师excellentengineers工程科学家projectscientists2.推行研究型教学模式implementresearchteachingmode例：Example★思想政治理论4门课全部大班上课，小班讨论FourcoursesofPoliticalTheoryareallgivenintheformoflectureinbigclassanddiscussioninsmallclass.★讨论课学时占课程总学时的10%-20%Discussionshouldtakeup10%-20%ofthewholecourseperiod.大班上课小班讨论lectureinlargeclass,discussioninsmallclass★大班讲授理论要点，小班讨论理论难点和社会热点问题。Lectureinbigclassshouldfocusontheoreticalpoints,whilediscussioninsmallclassshouldpayattentiontotheoreticaldifficultiesandsocialhotspots.★《机械加工材料》、《金属材料学》课程教学组，省教学名师主讲120人大课，3名教授、2名副教授、1名讲师分别上20人的小班讨论课。Teachinggroupsof“MechanicalProcessingMaterials”and“MetallicMaterials”,etc.:Provincialteachingmastersgivelecturetobigclassof120students.3professors,2associateprofessorsand1lecturerleaddiscussionclassof20studentsrespectively.★《有机化学》课程，教授主讲：90-120人；小班研讨：30人，占总学时的25%；小组讨论：8人，课外。“OrganicChemistry”:Professorsgivelecturetobigclassof90-120students.Discussioninsmallclassof30studentstakesup25%ofthewholecourseperiod.Extracurriculargroupdiscussionconsistsof8students.大班上课小班讨论lecturein