程控放大器的专业设计论文

信息与控制工程学院硬件课程设计说明书程控放大器的设计学生学号：11111111学生姓名：姓名专业班级：测控0902指导教师：老师名职称：副教授起止日期：2010.3.15～2010.4.2吉林化工学院JilinInstituteofChemicalTechnology信息与控制工程学院硬件课程设计说明书-I-硬件课程设计任务书一、设计题目：程控放大器的设计二、设计目的1.掌握电子设计的一般方法，掌握放大器各项性能指标的测量方法；2.掌握用单片机最小系统硬件的设计的方法；3.熟练掌握Keil编辑软件的使用方法，掌握C51程序的设计方法；三、设计任务及要求设计并实现一程控放大器。程控放大器基本指标和设计要求：1.设计并制作一程控放大器，电压放大倍数0.1-20；2.通过键盘输入放大倍数，放大倍数步长为0.1倍；3.能够用LED七段数码管实时显示放大倍数；4.实测放大器的输入阻抗、输出阻抗、通频带；主要元器件：OP07(OP27)、DAC0832、AT89C51、LED7段显示、键盘、其它。四、设计时间及进度安排设计时间共三周（2010.3.15～2010.4.2）,具体安排如下表：周安排设计内容设计时间第一周查阅相关资料，进行电路的原理设计并画出电路原理图。学习伟福编辑软件的使用方法。2010.3.15～2010.3.19第二周进行电路的焊接制作、测试。进行软件编程并调试。2010.3.22～2010.3.26第三周完成并提交硬件设计作品及硬件课程设计说明书，硬件课程设计答辩。2010.3.29～2010.4.2五、指导教师评语及学生成绩指导教师评语:年月日成绩指导教师(签字):程控放大器的设计-II-目录硬件课程设计任务书······································································································I绪论·························································································································1第1章程控放大器概述································································································21.1程控放大器的应用及特点····················································································21.2放大器的种类及应用··························································································31.3程控放大器设计方案··························································································3第2章电路设计及分析································································································52.1放大电路的设计································································································52.1.1OP07简介·····························································································52.1.2OP07放大器参数·····················································································52.1.3OP07放大器原理·····················································································52.2DAC0832D\A转换器概述··················································································72.3电源电路设计····································································································92.4程控放大电路的设计························································································102.4.1键盘模块的电路设计··············································································102.4.2放大及D\A转换电路的设计····································································102.4.3LED扫描原理·······················································································112.5AT89C52单片机概述························································································11第3章软件设计········································································································143.1语言介绍········································································································143.1.1汇编语言特点························································································143.1.2C语言特点···························································································143.1.3KeilC51单片机软件开发系统的整体结构···················································153.2程控放大器的C语言程序··················································································16附录······················································································································17结论······················································································································21参考文献···················································································································22信息与控制工程学院硬件课程设计说明书-1-绪论本次设计设计的任务是制作一程控放大器，要求电压放大倍数20倍，能够通过键盘输入放大倍数，放大倍数步长为0.1倍，能够用LED七段数码管实时显示放大倍数，实测放大器的输入阻抗、输出阻抗、通频带。程控放大器是一种放大倍数由程序控制的放大器，也称为可编程放大器。在多通道或多参数的数据采集系统中，多个通道或多个参数共用一个测量放大器。就每个通道的数据采集而言，还可实现自动控制增益或量程自动切换，因此程控增益放大器得到广泛应用。程控一般有两种方法，一个是模拟的，叫做自动增益控制（AGC），另外，还有先监测输出，然后调整程控增益放大器的增益，前者简单，但人工介入较麻烦，后者人工介入较简单但成本高复杂。“先监测输出，然后调整程控增益放大器的增益”是说通过编制程序去控制电路实现。本文分析了程控放大器的基本原理和它用对模拟信号进行稳幅和稳零的方法。并定量分析了程控信号的可调节范围及精度。.当改变量程时测量放大器的增益也相应地加以改变.这种变化通常是自动进行,即不需要人为的改变电路连接,而是通过软件控制放大器增益的改变.这样可以实现仪器量程的自动切换.另外,通过改变增益的方法使系统功能增强,在核测量中,稳谱的方法之一就是改变输入信号的放大倍数.这就需要用到数字控制放大器,并针对该仪器要解决的具体问题要求放大器的放大倍数在一定范围内变化,并且放大倍数调节要求精细.该文提供了这种数控放大的一种设计方案,它的放大倍数范围为0.1~20,其倍数的调节步长为0.1倍。本次实习中我们应用AT89C51单片机、OP07放大器、DAC0832D\A转换器的概况及应用做的简单程控放大器，通过软件控制放大器增益的改变，，采用这向项技术，可以使测量系统有宽的适用范围，提高系统的适应性，同时提高系统的测量精度。程控放大器的设计-2-第1章程控放大器概述1.1程控放大器的应用及特点程控放大器是一种放大倍数可以控制的放大器。缩写符号PAG。程控放大器在实际当中有很多应用，可以通过程序来自动调节放大器的放大倍数。例如，在一些比较高档的电子测量仪器中可以根据输入信号的大小自动调整量程的范围，就是通过改变放大器的放大倍数来实现的。在多通道或多参数的数据采集系统中，多个通道或多个参数共用一个测量放大器。各通道或各参数送入测量放大器的信号大小并不相同，但都要放大至A/D变换器输入要求的标准电压，因此各个通道要求测量放大器的增益就每个通道的数据采集而言，还可实现自动控制增益或量程自动切换，因此程控增益放大器得到广泛应用。程控放大器使用方便、性能好，故可在数据采集系统、自动增益控制、动态范围扩展、远程仪表测试等方面使用尤为适宜，程控增益调整比手工调整更优越。在使用放大器的场合中，往往希望增益能够调整，以使波形显示更完美，数据采集更精确。而程控增益调整比手工调整更优越。本次实习中我们所做的简单程控放大器，只是在十分基础的范围内制作和了解。本文简单介绍了与之相关的AT89C51单片机、OP07放大器、DAC0832D\A转换器的概况及应用。图1-1为程控放大器模块图。图1-1程控放大器模块图显示模块键盘模块数据处理模块数模转换模块放大模块信息与控制工程学院硬件课程设计说明书-3-1.2放大器的种类及应用一、A类(甲类)放大器：A类(甲类)放大器，是指电流连续地流过所有输出器件的一种放大器。这种放大器，由于避免了器件开关所产生的非线性，只要偏置和动态范围控制得当，