高中英语形容词副词

形容词和副词adj&adv考点：•一.基本用法•二.原级、比较级、最高级•1.as+原级+as•2.比较级+than•3.最高级用法•三.表示倍数的句型结构•四.词义辨析概念形容词用于修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间，地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子。形容词的用法及位置形容词形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常可划分为：性质形容词和叙述形容词。1.直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，有级的变化，在句中做定语、表语、补语。e.g.：hot--hotter--hottest2.叙述形容词只能做表语，所以又叫表语形容词,没有级的变化.well/unwell/alike/alive/alone/asleep/awakee.g.Themanisill.e.g.Thegirlisafraid.复合形容词主要用作定语，一般不做表语。1.数词+名词:afive-yearplan,an800-meter-longtunnel2.形容词+形容词:absent-mindedchild,open-mindedparents,awarm-heartedperson3.形容词/副词+现在分词:along-standingfriendship,forward-lookingeducators,long-sufferingperson,agood-lookinggirl4.名词+过去分词:aman-madelake5.副词+过去分词:anewly-bulitlibrary,awell-knownwriter6.较多词构成：aface-to-faceinterview,out-of-dateinformation,adown-to-earthplan定语表语宾补状语adj形容词用于修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的属性或特征等√√√√adv副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间，地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子√√√√adj作定语1.前置定语Adifficultsituation,anefficientapproach/way,livingthings2.后置定语:1）修饰不定代词:something,anything,nothing,everythingNothingserious,anythingspecial2)某些a-开首的形容词:afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,ashamed,awake,awaree.g.Heistheonlymanalive.thingsalivep.s.前置后置意义1）前后置意义不变（available,possible,imaginable）Heisthebestpersonavailable.Heisthebestavailableperson.2）前后置意义改变：theresponsibleman可信赖的人themanresponsible应负责的人thepresentmember现在的成员thememberpresent在座的成员adj作表语1)be动词(am/is/are/was/were)之后.e.g.Theyarecapableofdoingthejob.Sheisbeautiful.2)系动词（类似于be动词）之后：appear,seem,look,come,become,keep,prove,remain,run,fall,lay,smell,taste,sound,feel,go,get,grow,turn,cook,die,…e.g.remaincalm,gohungry,fallasleep,cometrue,appeareffective,dieyoungp.s.通常用作表语的形容词：well,ill,content,fond,glad,likely,ready,sorry,sureHeislikelytoseemetoday.表语Theboyisill/sick.表语Thesickboyislyinginbed.定语illnews,illluck定语adj作宾语补足语（宾补）Youkeeptheclassroomclean.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语（宾补）Leavemealone,please.谓语宾语宾语补足语（宾补）adj作状语Shecamehomesick.主语谓语宾语状语Hewenttobed,coldandhungryandexhausted.主语谓语宾语状语1）形容词表示类别和整体:1.某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，谓语动词用复数。e.g.thedead,theliving,therich,thepoor,theblind,thehungry.e.g.Thepoorareloosinghope.2.有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，谓语动词用复数。e.g.TheBritish,theEnglish,theFrench,theChinese.e.g.TheEnglishhavewonderfulsenseofhumor.常考点2）多个形容词修饰名词的顺序限定词-品质-（年龄，大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）-出处-材料性质-名词e.g.AvaluableoldbrownFrenchhomemadekitchentable练一练：1.Tonyisgoingcampingwith__boys.A.littletwootherB.twolittleotherC.twootherlittleD.littleothertwoC2.Onedaytheycrossedthe__bridgebehindthepalace.A.oldChinesestoneB.ChineseoldstoneC.oldstoneChineseD.Chinesestoneold3.---HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdao?---Itwasgreat.Wevisitedsomefriends,andspentthe__daysattheseaside.A.fewlastsunnyB.lastfewsunnyC.lastsunnyfewD.fewsunnylastP.S.限定词-数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）--性状—大小—名词e.g.ThosethreebeautifullargesquaresAB副词的用法及位置副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他结构。大多数的副词以形容词直接加-ly构成，quick/quickly以-able,-ible结尾的形容词去e加y，comfotable/comfortably以-y结尾的形容词把y变i加-ly，quick/quickly;;dizzy/dizzily.副词的位置1.时间副词和地点副词一般在句尾，两者同时出现时地点副词在时间副词前面。e.g.Hetoldittomeatshoolyesterday.2.频度副词(always,seldom,often,never,rarely,usually等)通常放在实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词助动词之后。e.g.Whyareyoualwayscomplainingaboutmycooking?Iseldomgothere.3.very：可以修饰形容词，但是不能修饰动词。IverylikeEnglish.（错）IlikeEnglishverymuch.（对）4.enough:Idon’tknowhimwellenough.(修饰形容词放在后边）Thereisenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.（修饰名词均可）Thereisfoodenoughforeveryonetoeat.adv.作定语时间/地点副词放在名词或代词之后Allthecommodities(日用百货)herearemadeinShanghai.Itisquitefinetoday.adv.作表语on,in,up,down,out,off,back,upstairs,away…e.g.Sheisout.主语谓语表语adv.作宾补YesterdayIsawyououtwithyoursister.时间状语主语宾语宾语补足语adv.作状语•Theboyswimswell.•Theroomisquitesmallanddark.•Heworkedouttheproblemveryeasily.•Fortunately,hegotonthattrain.P.S.辨析：1.close/closelyClose近；closely仔细地Heissittingclosetome.Watchhimclosely.2.late/latelyLate晚；lately最近Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?3.deep/deeplyDeep深，空间深度；deeply感情深度，深深地Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.4.high/highlyhigh空间高度；highly程度，相当于muchTheplanewasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyogyouropinion.5,wide/widelywide表示空间宽度；widely“广泛地”“在许多地方”Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6,free/freelyfree免费；freely无限制地Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeakfreely.1.Youcan’tsitonthisnewlyboughtchair___.A.comfortB.comfortableC.comfortablyD.withcomfortable2.Theappletastes_____andsells___.A.well;wellB.good;goodC.good;wellD.well;good3.Youranswersounds_____.A.correctB.correctlyC.correctnessD.correctingCCA4.Therewasa____talkbetweenthetwoteamslastweek.A.friendB.friendshipC.friendlyD.warmly5.Atthemeeting,theykept____allthetime.A.silentB.silenceC.quietlyD.quite6.Theyalllooked_____atthemasterandfeltquite_____.A.sad;sadB.sadly;sadlyC.sad;sadlyD.sadly;sadCADlively,lonely,deadly,silly,orderly,timely,costly,brotherly7.—Mum,IthinkI’m__togetbacktoschool.--Notreally,mydear.You’dbetterstayathomeforanotherdayortwo.A.sowellB.sogoodC.wellenoughD.goodenoughC8.wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining____.A.badlyB.hardlyC.stronglyD.heavilyD9.Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes____.A.openB.tobeopenedC.toopenD.openingA10.(02北京)Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfelt