TED：文本Why-we-have-too-few-women-leaders

SherylSandberg:Whywehavetoofewwomenleaders10:12Soforanyofusinthisroomtoday,let'sstartoutbyadmittingwe'relucky.Wedon'tliveintheworldourmotherslivedin,ourgrandmotherslivedin,wherecareerchoicesforwomenweresolimited.Andifyou'reinthisroomtoday,mostofusgrewupinaworldwherewehavebasiccivilrights,andamazingly,westillliveinaworldwheresomewomendon'thavethem.Butallthataside,westillhaveaproblem,andit'sarealproblem.Andtheproblemisthis:Womenarenotmakingittothetopofanyprofessionanywhereintheworld.Thenumberstellthestoryquiteclearly.190headsofstate--ninearewomen.Ofallthepeopleinparliamentintheworld,13percentarewomen.Inthecorporatesector,womenatthetop,C-leveljobs,boardseats--topsoutat15,16percent.Thenumbershavenotmovedsince2002andaregoinginthewrongdirection.Andeveninthenon-profitworld,aworldwesometimesthinkofasbeingledbymorewomen,womenatthetop:20percent.1:19Wealsohaveanotherproblem,whichisthatwomenfaceharderchoicesbetweenprofessionalsuccessandpersonalfulfillment.ArecentstudyintheU.S.showedthat,ofmarriedseniormanagers,two-thirdsofthemarriedmenhadchildrenandonlyone-thirdofthemarriedwomenhadchildren.Acoupleofyearsago,IwasinNewYork,andIwaspitchingadeal,andIwasinoneofthosefancyNewYorkprivateequityofficesyoucanpicture.AndI'minthemeeting--it'saboutathree-hourmeeting--andtwohoursin,thereneedstobethatbiobreak,andeveryonestandsup,andthepartnerrunningthemeetingstartslookingreallyembarrassed.AndIrealizedhedoesn'tknowwherethewomen'sroomisinhisoffice.SoIstartlookingaroundformovingboxes,figuringtheyjustmovedin,butIdon'tseeany.AndsoIsaid,Didyoujustmoveintothisoffice?Andhesaid,No,we'vebeenhereaboutayear.AndIsaid,AreyoutellingmethatIamtheonlywomantohavepitchedadealinthisofficeinayear?Andhelookedatme,andhesaid,Yeah.Ormaybeyou'retheonlyonewhohadtogotothebathroom.2:25(Laughter)2:27Sothequestionis,howarewegoingtofixthis?HowdowechangetheseSherylSandberg:Whywehavetoofewwomenleaders2numbersatthetop?Howdowemakethisdifferent?Iwanttostartoutbysaying,Italkaboutthis--aboutkeepingwomenintheworkforce--becauseIreallythinkthat'stheanswer.Inthehigh-incomepartofourworkforce,inthepeoplewhoendupatthetop--Fortune500CEOjobs,ortheequivalentinotherindustries--theproblem,Iamconvinced,isthatwomenaredroppingout.Nowpeopletalkaboutthisalot,andtheytalkaboutthingslikeflextimeandmentoringandprogramscompaniesshouldhavetotrainwomen.Iwanttotalkaboutnoneofthattoday,eventhoughthat'sallreallyimportant.TodayIwanttofocusonwhatwecandoasindividuals.Whatarethemessagesweneedtotellourselves?Whatarethemessageswetellthewomenthatworkwithandforus?Whatarethemessageswetellourdaughters?3:22Now,attheoutset,Iwanttobeveryclearthatthisspeechcomeswithnojudgments.Idon'thavetherightanswer.Idon'tevenhaveitformyself.IleftSanFrancisco,whereIlive,onMonday,andIwasgettingontheplaneforthisconference.Andmydaughter,who'sthree,whenIdroppedheroffatpreschool,didthatwholehugging-the-leg,crying,Mommy,don'tgetontheplanething.Thisishard.Ifeelguiltysometimes.Iknownowomen,whetherthey'reathomeorwhetherthey'reintheworkforce,whodon'tfeelthatsometimes.SoI'mnotsayingthatstayingintheworkforceistherightthingforeveryone.3:57Mytalktodayisaboutwhatthemessagesareifyoudowanttostayintheworkforce,andIthinktherearethree.One,sitatthetable.Two,makeyourpartnerarealpartner.Andthree,don'tleavebeforeyouleave.Numberone:sitatthetable.JustacoupleweeksagoatFacebook,wehostedaveryseniorgovernmentofficial,andhecameintomeetwithseniorexecsfromaroundSiliconValley.Andeveryonekindofsatatthetable.Hehadthesetwowomenwhoweretravelingwithhimprettyseniorinhisdepartment,andIkindofsaidtothem,Sitatthetable.Comeon,sitatthetable,andtheysatonthesideoftheroom.WhenIwasincollege,mysenioryear,ItookacoursecalledEuropeanIntellectualHistory.Don'tyoulovethatkindofthingfromcollege?IwishIcoulddothatnow.AndItookitwithmyroommate,SherylSandberg:Whywehavetoofewwomenleaders3Carrie,whowasthenabrilliantliterarystudent--andwentontobeabrilliantliteraryscholar--andmybrother--smartguy,butawater-polo-playingpre-med,whowasasophomore.5:00Thethreeofustakethisclasstogether.AndthenCarriereadsallthebooksintheoriginalGreekandLatin,goestoallthelectures.IreadallthebooksinEnglishandgotomostofthelectures.Mybrotheriskindofbusy.Hereadsonebookof12andgoestoacoupleoflectures,marcheshimselfuptoourroomacoupledaysbeforetheexamtogethimselftutored.Thethreeofusgototheexamtogether,andwesitdown.Andwesitthereforthreehours--andourlittlebluenotebooks--yes,I'mthatold.Wewalkout,welookateachother,andwesay,Howdidyoudo?AndCarriesays,Boy,IfeellikeIdidn'treallydrawoutthemainpointontheHegeliandialectic.AndIsay,God,IreallywishIhadreallyconnectedJohnLocke'stheoryofpropertywiththephilosophersthatfollow.Andmybrothersays,Igotthetopgradeintheclass.(Laughter)Yougotthetopgradeintheclass?Youdon'tknowanything.(Laughter)5:56Theproblemwiththesestoriesisthattheyshowwhatthedatashows:womensystematicallyunderestimatetheirownabilities.Ifyoutestmenandwomen,andyouaskthemquestionsontotallyobjectivecriterialikeGPAs,mengetitwrongslightlyhigh,andwomengetitwrongslightlylow.Womendonotnegotiateforthemselvesintheworkforce.Astudyinthelasttwoyears