八年级英语语法知识点外研版

语法专题Module1简单句：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成。一.五种基本句型：1．主语＋系动词＋表语（S+V+P）Heishappy.2．主语＋不及物动词＋（状语）(S+V)Heisswimming.3．主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋（状语）(S+V+O)Isawhimjustnow.4．主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)Shelentmeabike,主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋间接宾语(S+V+DO+IO)Shelentabiketome.5．主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC)Thegoodnewsmadeushappy.二.练习：写出下列句子的基本成分。1．Helikesmusicverymuch.2．Thesouptastessalty.3．Sheworksveryhard.4．Myteacheraskedmetocomealittleearliernexttime.5．Myfatherboughtmeacomputer.Module2宾语从句：以一个句子作为宾语的复合句。一.宾语从句的时态：主句从句一般现在时要根据具体情况选择所需要的时态一般过去时相应的过去时态一般过去时客观真理或自然现象时，从句用一般现在时态e.g.Hesaysthatheisgoingtothecinema.Hesaidthathecouldn’tfinishtheworkontime.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.二.宾语从句的语序：陈述句的语序。三.宾语从句的引导词：陈述句that(在口语中可省去)一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问句疑问词(what,when,where,who,why,which,how)e.g.Hesays.Helikespainting.----Hesays(that)helikespainting.IsheAmerican?Heasked----Heaskedif/whetherhewasAmerican.Whereisthecinema?Idon’tknow----Idon’tknowwherethecinemais.四.练习：把下列句子改为宾语从句。1.Thestoryisveryinteresting.(hesaid)2.Whatdidyousay?(Ididn’thear)3.Wheredoeshecomefrom.(Iwanttoknow)4.Isyourfatheradoctor?(myteacherasked)5.Hassheseenthefilm?(Idon’tknow)6.HowcanIgettothehospital.(Canyoutellme)7.Heisplayingcomputergames.(hesays)8.Theywillhaveameetingtomorrow.(Iknow)Module3动词不定式（todo）和动名词（v-ing）有些动词后面需加todo或-ing来把意思补充完整。接todo的单词多为“打算”、“计划”、“希望”之类的动词，而这些动词都表示未来。接-ing形式的动词要么表示是正在进行，要么表示一般性或经常性行为。有的动词既可以接todo，也可以接-ving。一.接todo的动词有：want,wouldlike,agree,refuse,decide,learn,need,offer,afford,wish,hope,ask等。二.接-ing的动词有：feellike,keep,enjoy,finish,practice等。三.既可以接todo，也可以接-ving的动词有：hate,like,love,begin,start（意思一样），remember,forget,continue,stop,try,goon（意思不一样）等。四.练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Wouldyoulike_____________(have)acupoftea?2.I’mverytired,let’sstop_____________(have)arest.3.Iaskedwhyhesmiled,buthecouldn’tremember_________________(smile)atme.4.Hewants_____________(buy)anewbike.5.Youmustkeep_______________(practice)______________(speak)Englisheveryday.6.Haveyoufinished_____________(read)thebook?7.Idecide______________(visit)theGreatWallthisholiday.8.Mysisterenjoys_______________(listen)tomusic.9.Helearnt______________(swim)allbyhimself.10.Myfatheragreed____________(buy)meacomputer.11.Iforgot_____________(close)thedooryesterday.12.Ihate______________(lose).13.Theteacheriscoming,westop_____________.(talk)14.Wetried______________(finish)theworkontime.15.Sallyrefused______________(play)duringthefinalpractice.16.Heoffers____________(help)mewiththework.17.Shecan’tafford______________(buy)adictionary.18.Ihope_____________(go)abroad.19.DaWeiasked____________(play)thecomputergameonmyfather’scomputer.20.Hestarted_______________(make)hisownradioprogrammerattheageoffifteen.Module4-5一.由if引导的条件状语从句(如果...)1.句子结构主句+if从句.If从句,主句.2.时态变化主句从句一般将来时willwon’t一般现在时v.don’t+v.v.-sdoesn’t+v.启使句v.Don’t+v.e.g.:Ifyou(want)tosaysomething,(hand)up,please.=IfLily(receive)thegift,she(be)veryhappy.=Ifshe(get)uplate,she(notcatch)thebus.==Sheshould,or二.感叹句(多......啊!)1.What+a/an/...+adj.+n.(+主语+be)!(+从句)e.g.:cleanclassroomit!honestkidTom!terriblenewsthis!fantasticconcertsthey!funnyplacewewentyesterday!2.How+adj.+主语(the+n./人名/代词)+be!How+adv.+主语+v.!How+adj./adv.+从句!e.g.:改写上面的句子.