高一英语分词详解+习题+答案

1分词的用法及练习1Thestoryisinteresting.I’minterestedinit.这个故事有兴趣，我对这个故事感兴趣。2.Thisisamovingfilm.这是一部动人的电影。3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,preparingalongspeechforthepresident.秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。4.Givenmoretime,I’lldoitwell.如果给我多一点时间，我会做的更好。Whenhepassedthebackofthestreet,hesawthethiefstealingsomemoneyfromthebank.当他后街时，看到小偷正从银行偷钱。应注意的几个问题：1．现在分词与过去分词的区别DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?=DoyouknowthewomanwhoistalkingtoTom?Thesoldierwoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.=Thesoldierwhowaswoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.ChinaisadevelopingcountryandAmericaisadevelopedcountry.2．分词作表语Thenewssoundsencouraging.Theygotveryexcited.1）现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：Thenewsisinteresting.Heisinterestedinthenews.doing作表语，主语与表语是主谓关系；done作表语，主语与表语是动宾关系。2）表语与被动式的区别：TheblackboardwasbrokenbyXiaoMing.（强调动作）Theblackboardisbroken.You’dbetterhaveitrepaired.（强调状态）3）常作表语的过去分词：amused,injured,covered,known,dressed,lost,broken,gone,delighted,excited,pleased,satisfied,married,worried,surprised,interested,burnt,shut,crowded,wounded,drank,done3．现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别Thesituationinourcountryisencouraging.(表语)Thesituationinourcountryisencouragingthepeople.(现在进行时)Myjobislookingafterthelittlebaby.(动名词)能回答how-question的是现在分词，能回答what-question的动名词，即不能回答how-question也不能回答what-question的是现在进行时。例如：Howisthesituationinourcountry?Itisencouraging.Whatisyourjob?Myjobislookingafterthelittlebaby.4．注意的四种结构：2havesomethingtodo有某事要做havesomethingdone使某事被做havesomebodydosomething使某人做某事havesomethingdoing让某事一直做着5．需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词：seat,prepare,hide,dress如：Iseatedmyselfonthechair.Iwasseatedonthechair.6．分词做状语与不定式的区别：分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴随等；而不定式表示目的和结果。Havingfinishedthehomework,Iwenthome.（时间）BeingaPartymember,Ishouldworkhard.（原因）Givenmoretime,Icandomyworkbetter.（条件）Heranoutoftheclassroom,shoutingattheboy.（伴随）Togetmoreknowledge,wemustworkharderandharder.(目的)Heisoldenoughtojointhearmy.（结果）7．分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别arunninghorse现在分词=ahorsethatisrunningafallenleaf过去分词=aleafthathasalreadyfallenawalkingstick动名词=astickforwalkingsomethingtodo不定式=somethingthatIshoulddo8．不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别：Ihaveaproblemtobediscussedatthemeeting.(将来)ThebuildingbeingbuiltontheriveristheScienceMuseum.（正在进行）Thebuildingcompletedthreeyearsagoisnowinbadconditions.（过去）9．分词做状语需要注意的一个问题：分词与句子主语的逻辑关系Seeingfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.(错误)Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.（正确）Seeing与thecity不是主谓关系；seen与city是动宾关系分词实战演练:1.Theboywenttotheball,＿likeaprettygirl.A.dressingB.wearingC.woreD.dressed2.＿inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed3.Thefilmwasmade＿onatrueoldstory.A.baseB.tobebasedC.basedD.basing4.When＿,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted5.＿tohisresearch,healmostforgoteverything.3A.DevotingB.DevotedC.TodevoteD.Devote6.＿hisattentiononhisnovel,hedidn’tnoticetheteachercoming.A.FixedB.FixingC.FixD.Tofix7.＿onhisnovel,hedidn’tnoticetheteachercoming.A.FixedB.FixingC.FixD.Tofix8.Theoldengineertalkedofthedifficultythey＿thetower.A.builtB.hadbuildingC.hadbuiltD.build9.＿suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered10.＿thepast,ourlifeisbecomingmuchbetter.A.ComparingwithB.BecomparedwithC.TocomparewithD.Comparedwith11.Theboywaslastseen＿neartheEastLake.A.playingB.playC.playedD.toplay12.Tomwasveryunhappyfor＿totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited13.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor＿“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”A.readB.readsC.readingD.toread14.Wewenttoseehimyesterdayevening,＿himaway.A.findingB.findC.onlytofindD.found15.＿ofplastics,themachinesareeasytocarry.A.TomakeB.HavingmadeC.BeingmadeD.MadeSuggestedanswers:1-5DACAB6-10BABAD11-15ADCCD