动名词做主语和宾语-公开课2

学科：英语导学案班级：高一（8）班授课时间：2012年5月15日编制人：Bart审核：审批：印数：580课题：动名词做主语和宾语The-ingformastheSubjectandObject课型：新授课（语法）【学习目标】1.认知目标：了解动词-ing形式做主语和宾语在具体语境中的应用。2.能力目标：（1）运用归纳或演绎等方法分析动词-ing形式做主语和宾语的用法。（2）学会在具体语境中使用动词-ing形式做主语和宾语。【学习重点】（1）动词-ing形式做主语（2）动词-ing形式做宾语(3)动词-ing形式的复合结构(4)动词-ing的常见形式【学习难点】（1）动词-ing形式做主语（2）动词-ing形式做宾语【学法指导】运用归纳、演绎等方法分析主谓一致的用法。通过对学、群学、小组讨论合作等形式分析和解决问题。通过小组学习竞赛、积分，提高学习趣味性。I自主学习Lead-in语法导入动词的-ing形式可分为动名词和现在分词两类。作为动名词，它有名词的基本性质，因此动名词可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语，宾语补足语和定语。本单元学习动名词做主语和宾语。1.动名词做主语（动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式）动名词做主语有三种形式：①动名词在句首直接做主语②It在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语③Therebe+no+动名词1）形式一动名词在句首直接做主语。例如：Readingaloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.大声朗读对于我们学习一门外语尤为重要。(collect)stampsishishobby.集邮是他的业余爱好。Wishingforthings,however,costsnothing.然而，愿望是不花本钱的（本单元课文原句）2）It在句首做形式主语，而动名词在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语。例如Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisconsideredtobeagoodhabit.Itisconsideredtobeagoodhabitgoingtobedearlyandgettingupearly.用下划线画出下面句子的形式主语和真正的主语①Itwasawasteoftimereadingthatbook.②Itisdangerousstandinginthemiddleofthestreet.③Isitworthwhilequarrellingwithher?3）Therebe+no+动名词。例如：Therewasnoknowingwhathecoulddo.他能做什么很难说。Thereisno(joke)aboutsuchmatters.这种事开不得玩笑。2.动名词做宾语动名词做宾语的六种情形：①作及物动词宾语②it作形式宾语，代替动名词作③作动词词组的宾语④介词的宾语⑤既可接doing又可接todo的动词，但意义不同⑥常接动名词的动词或动词短语1）作及物动词宾语。例如：Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打开窗户吗？Thegirlpractisesplayingviolineveryevening.那个姑娘每晚练习拉小提琴。2)作介词宾语。例如：Sincethen,hehasdevotedhislifetofindingwaystogrowmoreandmorerice.Healwaysthinksmuchbeforedoinganything.他做任何事之前总是考虑很多。3）it作形式宾语，代替动名词。例如：Ifounditpleasantwalkingalongtheriveraftersupper.Doyouconsideritnecessarytryingagain?Welookforwardto(study)inuniversity.4）接doing的动词:want,wish,hope,ask,help,refuse,learn,demand,choose,decide,plan,manage,pretend,afford......5）接doing又可接todo的动词:A意义基本一样，如like,love,hate,begin,start,prefer,attemptB意义明显不一样，如remember,forget,regret,mean,stop,try,want,need例如：Iforgettotakethemedicine.我忘记吃那个药。Iforgettakingthemedicine.我忘记把那个药吃了。Theystoppedtotalk.他们停下来开始讲话。Theystoppedtalking.他们停止讲话。6）常接动名词的动词或动词短语A.此类动词有：admit,avoid,consider,escape,deny,risk,suggest......如：We’reconsideringpayingavisittotheScienceMuseum.Itcanavoiddamagingtheenvironmentorpeople'shealth.学科：英语导学案班级：高一（8）班授课时间：2012年5月15日编制人：Bart审核：审批：印数：580B.此类短语有：can’thelp,beusedto,endup,feellike,leadto,bebusy,betiredof,befondof,beafraidof,beproudof,thinkof/about,putoff,keepon,insiston,begoodat,giveup常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，consider,suggest,advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon承认推迟没得想，admit,delay,putoff,fancy避免错过继续练，avoid,miss,keep,keepon,practise否认完成停能赏，deny,finish,stop,enjoy,appreciate不禁介意准逃亡，can’thelp,mind,allow,permit,escape不准冒险凭想象。forbid,risk,imagine3.动名词的复合结构1)名词所有格+动名词：Tom’swriting2)名词普通格+动名词：Tomwriting3)形容词性代词+动名词：hiswriting4)人称代词宾格+动名词：himwriting4.动名词的常见形式1)主动形式：writingeg,Shelikesswimming.2)被动形式：beingwritteneg,Hecouldn'tstandbeingtreatedlikethat.3)否定形式：not+writingeg,Iregretnothavingtaketheteacher'sadvice.III.当堂检测1.根据括号内的汉语提示,完成下列句子。1)._____________(read)inthelibraryisabadhabit.在图书馆大声阅读是一种不好的习惯2).It’snouse__________(talk).像这样谈话是徒劳无用的。3).Inmymind,__________________(attend)willbetheonlywaytobecomeaworld-classwriter.在我看来，进入那所著名的大学学习是成为世界顶尖作家的唯一方法。4).Heremembered_______________(finish),sohegotupearlytodoitthenextmorning.他记起来没有完成作业，因此他第二天很早就起来做作业）5).I________(regret)nothavingwornathickercoatyesterday.我很后悔昨天我没有穿一件厚点的外套。2.单项选择：1)Theparentssuggested____inthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.A.sleepB.tosleepC.sleepingD.havingslept2)HowIregret___somuchtimeinthenetbar!Ishouldhavestudiedharder.A.towasteB.wastingC.wastedD.beingwasted3)Weshouldoftenpractise___Englishwitheachother.A.tospeakB.spokeC.speakD.speaking4)Keepon____andyouwillsucceed.A.atryB.tryC.triingD.Trying5)Hisparentsinsiston___tocollege.A.heshouldgoB.hegoC.hisgoingD.himtogo6)Thestorywassofunnythatwe___.A.couldn’thelplaughB.can’tbutlaughC.couldn’thelplaughingD.couldn’thelpbuttolaugh7)Thoughitsoundsabittoodear(昂贵),itisworth______.A.beingboughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buyingit8)Hedevotedhislifeto_____theatomictheory.A.studyB.bestudiedC.studyingD.havestudied9)Wearebothlookingforwardto__nextweek.A.goingonvocationB.goonvocationC.begoingonvocationD.havegoneonvocation10)Youmustpayattentionto___theworksofLuXun.A.readB.readingC.readerD.beread11)Youshouldworktonightinsteadof_____TV.A.towatchB.youwatchingC.youwatchD.watching12)Themicroscopeisusedfor__minute(微小的)objects.A.examiningB.beingexaminedC.examinedD.examine13)Mikehasgotused___uplateatnight.A.tostayB.stayedC.tostayingD.staying14)Oncetheheartstops_____,deathfollowsatonce.A.beatingB.tobeatC.beingbeatenD.tobebeating15）Iregret____thattoher.A.havingsaidB.tohavesaidC.tosayD.said16）Thepatientmustbeseparatedtoavoid(避免)____others.A.beinginfected(感染)B.infectingC.toinfectD.infected17）Yourclothesneed______.A.washedB.tobewashedC.towashD.beingwashed18）_____providesuswithessentialnutrients(营养),while______providesuswithoxygen.A.Toeat;breathingB.Eating;tobreatheC.Eating;breathingD.Eaten;breathed19）Itisdifficulttoimaginehis______thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.A.acceptB.acceptingC.toacce