初一祈使句练习及讲解

1祈使句（ImperativeSentence）1.1定义用于表达意愿、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束，读时用降调。例：Goandwashyourhands.（去洗你的手。——命令）Bequiet,please.（Pleasebequiet.）（请安静。——请求）Bekindtooursister.（对姊妹要和善。——劝告）Watchyoursteps.（走路小心。——警告）Lookout！Danger！（小心！危险！——强烈警告）Keepoffthegrass.（勿践草坪。——禁止）Noparking.（禁止停车。——禁止）Noeatingordrinking.(禁止吃喝。——禁止)Nolittering.(禁止乱扔垃圾。——禁止)祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：Yougoandtellhim,Chris.（克立斯去告诉他。）1.2概念口诀祈使句无主语，主语you常省去；动词原形谓语当，句首加don't变否定；朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。1.3表现形式1.3.1肯定句1．Do型(即：动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如：Pleasehaveaseathere.请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如：Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.请这边走。2．Be型(即：Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如：Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!3．Let型(即：Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分)。如：Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。1.3.2否定句1．Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成：如：Don'tforgetme!不要忘记我！Don'tbelateforschool!上学不要迟到！是系表结构——也就是没有行为动词但是有形容词的那种——使用Don'tbe有行为动词的就不能这么用，只能用Don't2．Let型的否定式有两种：“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。如：Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。3．有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如：Nosmoking!禁止吸烟！Nofishing!禁止钓鱼！1.4练习将下列汉语翻译成英语。1.请照看好您的包。___________________.2.让我们去学校吧！___________________!3.亲爱的，高兴点儿！___________________!4.不要把书放这儿。___________________.5.不要让猫进来。___________________.6.禁止吸烟。____________!Key:1．Pleaselookafteryourbag.2．Let'sgotoschool.3．Beglad,dear4．Don'tputthebookhere.5．Don'tletthecatcomein/Letthecatnotcomein.6．Nosmoking！一、将以下祈使句改为否定式：1.Comehereearly.2.Askhim.3.Pleasewaitforher.4.Readthebookcarefully.5.Situnderthetree,please.6.Let’sgotheretogether.二、选择最佳答案填空：1.Ifyouaretired,____arest.A.haveB.havingC.tohaveD.had2.____mego.Itisveryimportantforme.(是对动词的强调，记住在动词前加助动词）A.DoletB.letdoC.DoingletD.Todolet3.Heisnothonest._____believehim.A.NotB.Don’tC.TonotD.Notto4.Ifyouwanttostay,letmeknow,_____?(祈使句是肯定则反义疑问句可用willyou或won'tyou若是祈使句是否定句，其后的反义疑问句用willyou,。另外Let's...,shallwe?而分开letus...,willyou?)A.willyouB.shallweC.doyouD.dowe5.Nevercomelateagain,______?A.willyouB.won’tC.doyouD.doeshe6._____upearlytomorrow,oryoucan’tcatchthetrain.A.GettingB.GetC.TogetD.Got7._____inthestreet.It’sdangerous.A.NotplayB.NottoplayC.Don’tplayD.Don’ttoplay8.Please____mesomemoney,willyou?A.lendB.lendingC.tolendD.belend9.Thefilmisabouttobegin.Please_____seated.A.beB.areC.isD.being10.__theboxes.Youmayusethemlater.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.KeptI.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.It’sanimportantmeeting._________(not,be)late.2.__________(not,make)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping.3._______(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffoodand___________(be)polite.4.___________(not,talk)and__________(read)aloud.5.__________(not,leave)yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry.6.___________(look)out!Acariscoming.7.__________(give)ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike.8.___________(not,let)thebabycry.II.选择填空()1.Herdoctorsaid:“________worksohard”AStopBDon’tCCan’tDNo()2.Sindy,________tobehereat8o’clockAissureBissurethatCwillbesureDbesure()3.________whenyoucrosstheroad.ADocareBCareCDobecarefulDTobecareful()4.________himthesecret,willyou?ADon’ttellBNottotellCNottellingDNotelling()5.________inbed.It’sbadforyoureyes.ANottoreadBDon’treadCDon’ttoreadDNotread()6.________Yourchild.We’lllookafterhim.ANottoworryaboutBDon’tworryaboutCNotworryforDDon’tworrywith()7.Theyareverytired.Why________havearest?AnottheyBdonottheyCdon’ttheyDnotto()8--Youlookrathertired.________stoppingtohavearest?--Allright.AWhynotBHowaboutCWhynottoDwhydon’t()9______tellalie.AHardlyBNotCNoDNever()10.Please________lookoutside.Lookattheblackboard.AnotBdon’tCaren’tDcan’t()11.Whydon’tyoujoinusinthegame?(考察whydon'tyou=?)AWhatnotBWhynotCWhytoDHowto()12______goforthebookalone,MsZhang.ALet’sBLetmeCLetusDAllow()13John,readthetextforus,________?AdoesheBwillheCdoyouDwillyou()14.Let’sdoitatonce,________?AshallweBwillyouCdoweDdoyou()15.Letusdoitatonce,________?AshallweBwillyouCdoweDdoyou