电风扇摇头机构设计毕业论文设计

JIUJIANGUNIVERSITY毕业设计题目电风扇摇头机构设计英文题目designheadofelectricfan院系机械与材料工程学院专业机械设计制造及自动化二零一四年六月i摘要电风扇摇头装置设计是从电风扇设计开始的，也是电风扇设计中最重要的部分，对于电风扇的研究，国内外已有不少的研究成果，但在创新这一块做的还不够,还有待进一步完善。本文首先对摇头电风扇的历史和发展现状以及其类型和特点进行了介绍，然后介绍了设计准则,提出方案拟定,并选择最优方案,主要是现有的电风扇摇头装置中平面摇杆机构，包括平面摇杆机构的结构、工作原理、设计原理、设计原则；其次根据已知原动机的转速,分配传动比，选择合适的机构,如蜗轮蜗杆机构以及齿轮机构,根据传动比确定它们的基本参数，设计计算几何尺寸,再次采用图解法,根据已知条件(极位夹角,摇杆速度等)设计平面四杆机构,然后在实验室组建仿真机构模型,观察所设计的尺寸是否满足所需的运动轨迹，再就制作台式电风扇摇头平面机构的计算机动态演示,通过图解法研究各杆件的运动,进行运动分析,最后总结并讲述了电风扇的未来展望。关键词：平面摇杆机构，传动比,蜗轮蜗杆,齿轮传动,运动分析,动态演示iiAbstractThedesignoftheshakingequipmentoffansisthebeginningofthedesignofelectricfans,anditisthemostimportantpartoftheelectricfansdesignathomeandabroad,therearemanyresearchresults,butinthisoneinnovationhasnotdoneenoughandhasyettobefurtherimproved.Inthispaper,shakingequipmentonthehistoryanddevelopmentofelectricfansandthestatusofitstypeandcharacteristicswerefirstintroduced,andthenintroducedthedesignfortheproposedprogramming,andchoosethebest,mainlytheexistingfansinstalledintheplaneshookhisheadrockeragencies,includingRockerplanethestructure,workingprinciple,designprinciples,designprinciples;Secondlychoosingtheappropriateagenciesonthebasisofknownmotiveoftheoriginalspeed,thedistributionoftransmissionratio,suchasthewormgearwormagenciesandinstitutions,accordingtothetransmissionratiotodeterminetheirbasicparameters,designandcalculationgeometry,againusinggraphicmethod,inaccordancewiththeknownconditions(A-angle,rockerspeed,etc.)designedplanefourbodies,andthensetupinthelaboratorysimulationmodelagenciestoobservewhetherthesizeofthedesigntomeettherequiredtrajectory,anddesktopfansontheproductionoftheplaneshookhisheaddynamiccomputerDemonstration,throughthepreparationofICCproceduresonthemovementofthebar,exerciseanalysis.Atlastconcludeandintroduceaboutthefutureprospectsofthefans.Keywords:Planerocker;transmissionratio;WormGear;Gear;sportsanalysis;dynamicdemoiii目录摘要·········································iAbstract····················································ii第一章引言·····················································11.1电风扇发展现状和前景展望································11.2台扇的结构与工作原理···················1第二章电风扇摇头装置机构的设计·································32.1电风扇摇头装置机构设计概述······························32.2电风扇摇头装置机构设计原则·······························32.3方案拟定·················································32.3.1方案Ⅰ(离合式摇头机构)···························32.3.2方案Ⅱ(锨拨式摇头机构)···························42.3.3方案Ⅲ(平面连杆摇头机构)························52.3.4方案Ⅳ(另一种平面连杆摇头机构)·················52.3.5对比分析并选择方案·································6第三章机构的尺寸设计···········································73.1铰链四杆机构的设计·······································73.1.1铰链四杆机构的组成和基本形式······················73.1.2平面双摇杆机构的分类和极限位置分析················73.1.3四杆位置和尺寸的确定······························83.2原动机的选择和传动比的分配·······························93.2.1原动机的选择·······································93.2.2传动比的分配······································103.3蜗轮蜗杆机构············································103.3.1蜗轮蜗杆机构的结构特点····························10iv3.3.2蜗轮蜗杆机构的几何尺寸计算························113.4齿轮机构···············································123.4.1齿轮机构的结构特点································123.4.2齿轮机构的几何尺寸计算····························13第四章平面双摇杆机构的运动分析································144.1概述····················································144.2平面摇杆机构的运动分析··································14第五章机构运动仿真的总体分析··································175.1计算机动态演示··········································175.2组建机构运动仿真模型····································21第六章总结与展望··············································23参考文献·······················································25致谢····························································26v-1-第一章引言1.1电风扇发展现状和前景展望近年来，相较人们对空调的普遍关注，电风扇市场就有点门庭冷落。但空调高耗电量且封闭空间的弊端，使得通风效果相对较好、功耗相对较低的电风扇仍然存在很大的市场。所以有必要研究电风扇的发展。电风扇又称电扇，用于散热，夏天用它来清凉为好,还可用来驱散室内热气。1882年，美国纽约的克罗卡日卡齐斯发动机厂的主任技师休伊斯卡茨霍伊拉，最早发明了商品化的电风扇。1908年，美国的埃克发动机及电气公司，研制成功世界上最早的齿轮驱动左右摇头的电风扇,这种电风扇防止了不必要的三百六十度转头送风，而成为以后销售的主流。如今，电风扇已一改人们印象中的传统形象，在外观和功能上都更追求个性化，塔式气流扇尊贵典雅，卡通台扇娇巧可爱，而电脑控制、自然风、睡眠风、负离子功能等这些本属于空调器的功能，也被众多的电风扇厂家拿来做文章，并在此基础上增加了照明、驱蚊等更多的实用功能。据统计，市场成熟度颇高的电风扇行业在国内仍然存在着相当大的市场容量，但由于这个行业技术比较陈旧，外观固定单一，市场上常见的落地扇、转页扇、台扇、壁扇、楼顶扇、吊扇这几个传统类型电风扇的外观和功能的同质化现象十分严重，严重影响和制约了这个市场的发展和提升。但近年来一些主流企业开始有所觉察，他们通过积极创新，突破老式的传统设计，纷纷开发出了一系列更富创新力，更具差异化个性的新产品，以求继续做大蛋糕和进行产品升级。1.2电风扇的结构与工作原理1.2.1电风扇的结构如图1.1所示,台扇由扇叶、网罩、扇头、调速机构、底座等部分组成,扇头是台扇中最复杂、最重要的部件，由电动机、前后端盖及摇头机构等构成,而吊扇主要由扇头、上下罩、吊杆、吊攀以及独立安装的调速器组成。转页扇由于导风轮的作用，使其送出的风风力柔和，舒适宜人。-2-图1.1台扇的基本结构1.2.2电风扇工作原理电风扇工作时（假设房间与外界没有热传递）室内的温度不仅没有降低，反而会升高。让我们一块来分析一下温度升高的原因：电风扇工作时，由于有电流通过电风扇的线圈，导线是有电阻的，所以会不可避免的产生热量向外放热，故温度会升高。但人们为什么会感觉到凉爽呢？因为人体的体表有大量的汗液，当电风扇工作起来以后，室内的空气会流动起来，所以就能够促进汗液的急速蒸发，结合“蒸发需要吸收大量的热量”，故人们会感觉到凉爽。风扇在转动时，扇叶后面空气的流速要慢于扇叶前面空气的流速，这样后面空气的压力就比前面的大，这个压力差，就推动空气向前，形成风了。-3-第二章电风扇摇头机构的设计2.1电风扇摇头机构设计概述摇头机构由减速机构、连杆机构、控制机构与过载保护装置组成，形式有两种:离合式与拨式。随着时代的发展,电风扇的摇头机构也不仅仅限于这些,例如就有一种电风扇摇头机构，包括电动机、齿箱总成、摇头连杆，电动机及齿箱总成安装在Ｙ型支架上，Ｙ型支架固定在连接头上，其中摇头连杆一端与Ｙ型支架连接，另一端通过传动机构与齿箱总成连接。所述的传动机构是受齿箱总成控制的做旋转运动的上下曲柄盖，曲柄盖与连杆配合推动电风扇做复合摇头运动。由于