2011北京大学博士英语考试试题及解析

PartTwo：StructureandWrittenExpression（20%）Directions：Foreachquestiondecidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.MarkyourchoicesontheAnswerSheet.11．Whethertheextensionofconsciousnessisa“goodthing”forhumanbeingisaquestionthatawidesolution.A．admitsofB.requiresofC.needsofD.seeksfor12．Inaculturelikeours,longallthingsasameansofcontrol,itissometimesabitofashocktoberemindedthatthemediumisthemessage.A．accustomedtosplitanddividedB．accustomedtosplittinganddividingC．accustomedtosplitanddividingD．accustomedtosplittinganddivided13．Applepieisneithergoodnorbad;itisthewayitisusedthatdeterminesitsvalue.A.atitselfB.asitselfC.onitselfD.initself14．usearlier,yourrequesttothefull.A.Youhavecontacted…wecouldcomplywithB.Hadyoucontacted…wecouldhavecompliedwithC.Youhadcontacted…couldwehavecompliedwithD.Haveyoucontacted…wecouldcomplywith15．TheAmericanRevolutionhadnomedievallegalinstitutionstoortorootout,apartfrommonarchy.A.discardB.discreetC.discordD.disgorge16.Livingconstantlyintheatmosphereofslave,hebecameinfectedtheunconscioustheirpsychology.Noonecanshieldhimselfsuchaninfluence.A.on…by…atB.by…for…inC.from…in…onD.through…with…from17.Theeffectofelectrictechnologyhadatfirstbeenanxiety.Nowitappearstocreate.A.boreB.boredC.boredomD.bordom18.Jazztendstobeacasualdialogueformofdancequiteinthereceptiveandmechanicalformsofthewaltz.A.lackedB.lackingC.forlackofD.lackof19.Therearetoomanycomplainsaboutsocietymovetoofasttokeepupwiththemachine.A.thathavetoB.havetoC.havingtoD.hasto20.Thepoorgirlspentoverhalfayearinthehospitalbutsheisnowforit.A.nonetheworseB.nonethebetterC.neverworseD.neverbetter21.Asthesilentfilmsound,sodidthesoundfilmcolor.A.criedoutfor…criedoutforB.cryoutfor…cryoutforC.hadcriedoutfor…criedoutforD.hadcriedoutfor…cryoutfor22.Whilehiseffortsweretremendoustheresultsappearedtobevery.A.triggerB.meagerC.vigorD.linger23.Westernmanishimselfbeingde-Westernizedbyhisownspeed-up,byindustrialtechnology.A.asmuchtheAfricansaredetribalizedB.theAfricansaremuchbeingdetribalizedC.asmuchastheAfricansarebeingdetribalizedD.asmuchastheAfricansaredetribalized24.Weadmirehiscourageandself-confidence.A.canbutB.cannotonlyC.cannotbutD.canonlybut25.Inthe1930’s,whenmillionsofcomicbooksweretheyoungwithfightingandkilling,nobodyseemedtonoticethattheviolenceofcarsinthestreetswasmorehysterical.A.inundatingB.imitatingC.immolatingD.insulating26.youpromiseyouwillworkhard,supportyoutocollege.A.Ifonly…willIB.Only…IwillC.Onlyif…willID.Onlyif…Iwill27.ItisoneoftheironiesofWesternmanthathehasneverfeltinventionasathreattohiswayoflife.A.anyconcernwithB.anyconcernaboutC.anyconcerninD.anyconcernat28.Oneroomschools,withallsubjectsbeingtaughttoallgradesatthesametime,simplywhenbettertransportationpermitsspecializedspacesandspecializedteaching.A.resolvedB.absolvedC.dissolvedD.solved29.Peoplearelivinglongerandnotsavingenough,whichmeanstheywilleitherhavetoworklonger,livelessinretirementorbailedbythegovernment.A.in…for…upB.for…on…outC.by…in…onD.on…for…out30.Thecountrysdeficitthatyeartoarecord1698billiondollarsA.soaredB.souredC.soredD.sourcedPartThree:CloseTest(10%)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchooseONEbestwordforeachnumberedblank.MarkyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.2009wastheworstyearfortherecordlabelsinadecade31was2008,andbeforethat2007and2006.Infact,industryrevenueshavebeen32forthepast10years.Digitalsalesaregrowing,butnotasfastastraditionalsalesarefalling.Maybethat’sbecauseillegaldownloadsaresoeasy.Peoplehavebeen33intellectualpropertyforcenturies,butitusedtobeatime-consumingwaytogeneratemarkedly34copies.Thesedays,high-qualitycopiesare35.AccordingtothePewInternetproject,peopleusefile-sharingsoftwaremoreoftenthantheydoiTunesandotherlegalshops.I’dliketobelieve,asmanyofmyfriendsseemto,thatthispracticewon’tdomuchharm.ButevenasI’veheardoverthepastdecadethatthingsweren’t36bad,thatthemusicindustrywasmovingtoanew,betterbusinessmodel,eachyear’snumbershavebeenworse.Maybeit’stimetoadmitthatwemayneverfindawayto37consumerswhowantfreeentertainmentwithcreatorswhowanttogetpaid.38onthisproblem,thecomputationalneuroscientistAndersSandbergrecentlynotedthatalthoughwehavestronginstinctivefeelingsaboutownership,intellectualpropertydoesn’talways39thatframework.Theharmdonebyindividualactsofpiracyistoosmallandtooabstract.“Thenatureofintellectualproperty,”hewrote,“makesithardtomaintainthesocialandempathic40thatkeep(s)usfromtakingeachother’sthings.”31.A.AsB.SameC.ThusD.So32.A.stagnatingB.decliningC.increasingD.stultifying33.A.takingB.robbingC.stealingD.pirating34.A.upgradedB.inferiorC.ineffectiveD.preferable35.A.numerousB.ubiquitousC.accessibleD.effortless36.A.soB.thisC.thatD.much37.A.satisfyB.helpC.reconcileD.equate38.A.BasedB.CapitalizingC.ReflectingD.Drawing39.A.matchupwithB.fillinC.fitintoD.setup40.A.constraintsB.consciousnessC.normD.etiquettePartIV:ReadingComprehension(20%)Directions:Eachofthefollowingfourpassagesisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachquestionorunfinishedstatement,fouranswersaregiven.Readthepassagescarefullyandcho