2万吨年醋酸乙烯工艺设计-设计说明书定稿-贾广玖

安徽建筑大学毕业设计专业化学工程与工艺班级09化工（1）班学生姓名贾广玖学号09206040107课题2万吨/年醋酸乙烯工艺设计——合成工段及反应器设计指导教师陈广美2012年6月12日2万吨/年醋酸乙烯工艺设计——合成工段及反应器设计I摘要醋酸乙烯是一种重要的有机化工原料，主要用来生产聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚醋酸乙烯及缩醛树脂类衍生物。这些衍生物具有广泛的用途，可用于涂料、浆料、粘合剂、轻工、建筑等化工产品。设计采用电石乙炔法合成年产量为2万吨的醋酸乙烯。简介了合成工艺，分析影响合成醋酸乙烯的主要因素。用Aspenplus软件进行合成工段的生产流程模拟，对合成段作物料衡算，热量衡算，并对锥形流化床反应器进行设计。用AutoCAD软件绘制PFD图、PID图、流化床反应器图、±0.00平面设备布置图，并分别绘制出手工图。整个设计过程在参考前人设计总结出的经验基础之上，运用自己所学的知识，结合化工实际生产过程，使设计更为全面和真实。关键词：醋酸乙烯；合成；工艺；流化床反应器安徽建筑大学本科生毕业设计IIAbstractAcetateethyleneisanimportantorganicchemicalrawmaterials.ItismainlyusedtoproducePVC,PVA,polyvinylacetateandacetalscolophonykindderivatives.Thesederivativeswithwideusesandcanbeusedforcoatings,pulp,adhesives,lightindustry,architectureandotherrelatedchemicalproducts.Thisdesignistoadoptcalciumcarbideacetylenemethodsynthesisfor10,000tonsofethyleneacetateannually.Itintroducedthesyntheticprocessandanalysisthemainfactorsinfluencingthesynthesisofvinylacetate.SoftwareofAspenplusisusedtosynthesissectionproductionprocesssimulation,ofsyntheticperiodofmaterialbalance,heatbalanceandIdesignedtheconicalfluidizedbedreactor.UsingAutoCADsoftwaremapPFD,PIDfigure,fluidizedbedreactor,plusorminus0.00planelayoutofequipment,anddrawdiagrambyhand.Thewholedesignprocessinreferencetopreviousdesignexperiencesummarizedbasedontheactualproductionprocess,usemylearnedknowledge,combinedwithchemical,makeadesignmorecomprehensiveandtrue.Keywords:vinylacetate;synthesis;craft;fluidbedreactor2万吨/年醋酸乙烯工艺设计——合成工段及反应器设计III目录摘要................................................................................................................IAbstract.............................................................................................................II目录...............................................................................................................III第一章综述...............................................................................................11.1醋酸乙烯的性质和用途.....................................................................11.1.1醋酸乙烯的性质..............................................................................11.1.2醋酸乙烯的用途..............................................................................11.2国内外的市场情况和发展趋势..........................................................21.2.1醋酸乙烯的国内生产现状................................................................21.2.2醋酸乙烯的国内市场前景................................................................41.2.3醋酸乙烯的国外生产现状................................................................41.2.4醋酸乙烯的国外市场前景................................................................51.3目前主要的醋酸乙烯生产方法..........................................................51.3.1乙炔液相法.....................................................................................51.3.2乙炔气相法.....................................................................................61.3.3乙烯液相法.....................................................................................61.3.4乙烯气相法.....................................................................................61.3.5其它方法.........................................................................................7第二章醋酸乙烯合成工艺简介.....................................................................92.1醋酸乙烯的生产流程..........................................................................9安徽建筑大学本科生毕业设计IV2.1.1生产方法选择..................................................................................92.1.2生产原理.........................................................................................92.1.3生产流程.......................................................................................102.2合成反应热和化学平衡常数............................................................112.3反应速率式........................................................................................122.4催化剂................................................................................................132.4.1催化剂活性组分醋酸锌..................................................................132.4.2活性炭载体...................................................................................132.5影响合成反应的因素........................................................................142.5.1催化剂..........................................................................................152.5.2反应温度.......................................................................................152.5.3原料的纯度...................................................................................152.5.4C2H2/HAC分子比MR....................................................................162.5.5空间速度SV..................................................................................162.6反应器的选择.....................................................................................172.6.1流化床选型确定............................................................................172.6.2锥角的选择...................................................................................17第三章物料衡算.........................................................................................