新目标八年级英语(下)Unit9 现在完成时Microsoft Powerpoint演示文稿

教师：蒋军1.现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达），标志词有just，already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。例如：①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.④Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.⑤I’vejustlostmymathbook.助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式相同，不规则变化则须单独记忆。2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。如for,since,eversince,sofar,recently,inthelast/pastfewyears等（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）一段时间的表达方法有两种:for:+一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyears接过去的某一时刻,如sinceninesincelastweek接一般过去时态的时间状语从句如sinceyoucamesinceyougothome.注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.Hehasbeenawayforoneweek.对划线部分提问都用Howlongsince（3）havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的区别：★have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。★have/hasgone(to)表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，反正不在这里。试比较：HehasbeentoBeijing.他曾去过北京。（人已回来，可能在这儿）HehasgonetoBeijing.他已经去北京了。（人已走，不在这儿）。请大家认真分析比较下列各例句：•Isawthisfilmyesterday.•（只说明动作发生在过去。）•Ihaveseenthisfilm.•（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）•ShehasreturnedfromParis.•（她已从巴黎回来了。）•Shereturnedyesterday.•（她是昨天回来的。）•HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.•(在团内的状态可延续)•HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.•(三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)瞬间动词常用于一般过去时中，也可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“Hehasleft.”但不能说“Hehasleftforthreeyears.”如果要表达“他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法：一、用ago,使用一般过去时。Heleftherethreeyearsago.二、用“Itis+一段时间＋since＋一般过去时从句”Itisthreeyearssincehelefthere.以上两种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。另外，部分瞬间动词可转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的be+名词／形容词或副词／介词短语等。如:1.直接转化成延续性动词buycatch(get)acoldborrowcome/go/becomehavehaveacoldkeepbe2.转换成be+名词jointhearmyjointhePartybeasoldierbeaPartymember3转换成be+形容词或副词diefinishLeavebeginbedeadbeoverbeonbeaway4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschooljointhearmy①.我们买这本书三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.②他感冒三天了.Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句beinschoolbeinthearmy③自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书.Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.④我成为一个学生两年多了.Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.Iborrowedthebooklastweek.Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.⑤MrBlack死了三年了。MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.⑥小明参军半年了。XiaoMinghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear.XiaoMingjoinedthearmyhalfayearago.⑦我们上了8年学了。Wehavebeenstudentsforeightyears.Wewenttoschooleightyearsago.⑧下课10分钟了Theclasshasbeenoverfortenminutes.Theclassfinishedtenminutesago.9.电影开始了一小时了Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.Thefilmbegananhourago.()1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?A.haven’tyouB.haveyouC.doyouD.don’tyou()2.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?A.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch()3.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()4.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendeadBCBD()5.–WhereisHanMeinow?－She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgone()6.－_____you____totheUnitedStated?－No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA.Have;beenB.Have;goneC.Did;goD.Do;go()7.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?A.doyouB.areyouC.haveyouD.didyou()8.Howlonghaveyou_____thefootballteamoftheschool?A.playedB.beenatC.joinedDbeenonAACD()9.—Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?—Ihave_____toKunmingwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone()10.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent()11.—Excuseme,____youseenthefilmyet?—Yes,I_____itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,saw()12.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_____?A.isheB.isn’theC.hasn’theD.hasheBCDD•（）13.Howlonghaveyou_____thefootballteamoftheschool?•AbeenonBbeenatCjoinedDplayed•（）14.---Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?•----Ihave_____toDazhuwithmyfriends.•Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone•（）14.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?•AboughtBborrowedChadDlent•（）15.–Excuseme,____youseenthefilmyet?•---Yes,I_____itlastnight.•Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,saw•（）16.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_____?•AisheBisn’tChasn’tDhasheABCDD•四、划线提问•1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays.•__________________you________________?•2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.•__________________yourfather_____________?•3)Helefthereyesterday.•__________________he__________________•4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.?•_________________they__________abook?HowlonghavebeenthereHowlonghaslivehereWhendidleavehereWhendidbuy•5.JohncametoBeijingthreeyearsago.（同义句）•John______________Beijing_____threeyears•6.JimwithJack______________(go)toTibettwice.(用适当形式填空)•7.Myfatherboughtthecarhalfayearago.（同义句）•Myfather______________thecar_______halfayearHasbeeninforhasbeentohashadfor