V-ing-form-复习公开课

V–ingformV-ingform属于非谓语动词，分为现在分词和动名词两种情况。形式上一样，但用法功能不同。什么是非谓语动词啊？“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!那不是谓语是什么呢？。。。。。。英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多动词：加连词（and/but/so…）ShewatchedTVandatesnacks.放入从句ShewatchedTVasheatesnacks.变为非谓语动词主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语一、其构成方式为：动词变为v-ing的规则：1.一般在动词后加ing,如：work-workingstudy-studyingdo-doing2.动词以不发音的e结尾，去掉e,加ing。如：like→likingmake—makingwrite—writing3.以重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音，双写辅音字母再加ing。set→settingrun→runningswim→swimmingbegin→beginningforget→forgettingprefer→preferring4.以ie结尾的变成y再加ing。如：die-dyinglie-lyingtie-tying二、V-ing形式的各种时态和语态:时态一般式完成式主动被动doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone否定式：notdoingsth.复合式：one’sdoingsth.a.一般式:V-ing1.动词V-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。例如：Swimmingisherfavoritesport.Learningisimportanttomodernlife.Arguingaboutitisawasteoftime.Readingaloudisveryhelpful.2.动词V-ing形式的一般式可用来表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作。Theywentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalargesumofmoney.Knowinghisaddress,Idon’tstillknowhowtogothere.Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.3.动词V-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。Irememberedsendinghimane-maillastweek.HesuggestedtakingmydaughtertothezoothenextSunday.Theyforgetplantingtreesherefiveyearsago.b.完成式:havingdone1.动词V-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。Havinglivedinthiscityforthreeyears,sheknowsitverywell.注意：在现代英语中，作宾语的动词V-ing形式的完成式可用一般式来代替。Ireallyregrettedmissingsuchanexcitinglecture.(=Irallyregrettedhavingmissedsuchanexcitinglecture.)Werememberedseeingthefilm.(=Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.)c.V--ing的被动形式beingdone,表示它的逻辑主语是动词-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。这个动作通常是正在进行或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生。Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.Ican’tstandbeingkeptwaiting.d.havingdone的被动形式havingbeendone表示被动的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseetheschoollibrary.在被带去看了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观校图书馆。e.ingform否定形式:not+V-ingHisnotcomingmadeeveryonepresentverydisappointed.Notknowinghisphonenumber,wedon’tgetintouchwithhim.Notfindingthelostboy,theyhadtoreturntothehome.f.ThefunctionofV-ing1.Learningaforeignlanguageisveryuseful.2.IenjoylearningEnglish.3.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatapersonisthinkingbywatchinghisorherbodylanguage.4.Themusicsoundsexciting.(主语)(宾语)(表语)(宾语)5.Myjobisteaching.6.Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.7.Theboystandingthereisaclassmateofmine.8.Wwatchthechildrendivingintothewaterfromthetopboard.9.Hearingasound,thebabystoppedcrying.(表语)(定语)(定语)(宾补)(状语)ving形式的作用一、–ing作主语①直接置于句首1)捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的.Playingtricksonothersissomethingweshouldneverdo．2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。Learningnewwordsisveryimportantforme．3)说比做容易。Talkingiseasierthandoing.②用形式主语it，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。ItisuselesstryingtoarguewithShylock．这事值得去做。It’sworthmakingtheeffort．想再解释一次有好处吗?Isitanygoodtryingtoexplainitagain?跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。Itispleasantworkingwithyou．③在therebeno+doing结构中作主语这种结构的意思相当于“Itisimpossibletodo…...若要人不知，除非己莫为。Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit．这种事开不得玩笑。Hereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter.无法知道他什么时候离开Therewasnoknowingwhenhewouldleave.归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做……是没益/用处的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做……不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的Thereisnodoing无法……，不允许……Thereisnosenseindoing做……没有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing做……无意义Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing没有比……更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing做……无意义Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.注意：Thereisnoneedtodosth做……没必要，在此句式中todo不可换为doing..没有必要告诉她。Thereisnoneedtotellher.注意：-ing的逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。我姐姐病了，使我很担心。Mysister'sbeingillmademeworried.你正确未必就意味着我错了。Yourbeingrightdoesn'tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong.二、作宾语①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest,appreciate,dislike，delay，escape，imagine，postpone,mind，miss，practise，excuse，fancy,risk,cannotstand,giveup，putoff，cannothelp，feellike等。如：我不能不去。Ican’tavoidgoing．你是否考虑过找一位挚友?Haveyouconsideredlookingforonespecialfriend?记这类单词的口诀：只能用动词-ing形式(作宾语)的动词(短语)：承认(admit)冒险(risk)别继续(keep)，理解(understand)原谅(excuse)和感激(appreciate)；推迟(delay)享受(enjoy)真可惜，完成(finish)想象(imagine,fancy)忙建议(suggest,advise)；避免(avoid,escape)介意(mind)别延期(putoff)，错过(miss)宽恕(forgive)不考虑(consider)；允许(allow,permit)抵制(resist,stand)又放弃(giveup)坚持(insiston)练习(practise)要牢记。Theteachersuggesteddoingtheexperimentinanotherway.老师建议我们换种方法来做实验。Haveyouconsideredlookingforapenpal?你是否考虑过找一位笔友？1.作介词宾语下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或v-ing形式：另外，几乎所有介词，都能用动词-ing形式作宾语，其中很多都是固定搭配。例如：dreamofdoing梦想havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing在……有困难succeedindoing在……成功Thereis/are/I/wehavedifficultytroubleproblemfunpleasureagoodtimeahardtime(in)doinglookforwardto盼望,objectto反对,payattentionto注意,opposeto反对get/beusedto习惯于,devoteto致力于getdownto着手,listentobeaccustomedto习惯于，stickto坚持applyoneselfto致力于contributeto有助于berelatedto与…有关2.在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：Wedon'tallowsmokinghere．Wedon'tallowanybodytosmokehere．3.need,require,want“需要被”+｛doing=tobedoneeg:TheTVsetneedstobemended.=TheTVsetneedsmending.4.begin,continue,hate,like,love+wouldlike/love+_____｛doing=todotodo5.加todo和doing意义不同的词：(1)forget/regret/remember+｛doingtodo(2)goontodo/doing(3)meantodo/doing(4)sto