现在完成时的定义现在完成时的基本句型动词的过去分词36页PPT

1.现在完成时的定义2.现在完成时的基本句型3.动词的过去分词现在完成时ThePresentPerfectTense1.定义：①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。Ihaveopenedthewindowalready.(Thewindowisopennow.)②表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。MygrandmahaslivedinZhangzhouforfortyyears.LiPinghaslearnedEnglishforthreeyears,sohecanspeakEnglishwell.WeTheyYou复数主语2.基本句型：主语+助动词have/has+动词过去分词doneSheHeIt单数主语+hasdone…+havedone…3.动词过去式和过去分词的构成规则1.规则变化：原形--过去式--过去分词allow–allowed--allowedlook–looked--lookedaccept--accepted--accepted直接加ed原形--过去式--过去分词refuse--refused--refuseduse--used--usedlived--lived--lived以不发音的e结尾的动词直接加d原形--过去式--过去分词tidy--tidied--tidiedstudy--studied--studied以辅音加y结尾的动词，把y改为ied原形--过去式--过去分词chat--chatted--chattedstop--stopped--stoppedprefer--preferred--preferred以重读闭音节结尾的动词，双写辅音字母再加ed2.不规则变化：costcuthithurtletAAB型costcostcutcuthithithurthurtletletAAA型原形--过去式--过去分词beat原形--过去式--过去分词beatbeatenbecomecomerun原形--过去式--过去分词ABA型ABB型原形--过去式--过去分词broughtbroughtboughtboughtthoughtthoughtcaughtcaughttaughttaughtbringbuythinkcatchteachbecamebecomecamecomeranrunwas/werebeendiddonewentgonebeganbegundrankdrunkrangrungsangsungswamswumABC型原形--过去式--过去分词bedo/doesgobegindrinkringsingswim句型练习：1.她已经解答出那道数学题了。Shehasworkedoutthemathproblem.2.我已经做完作业了。现在我可以看电视了。Ihavefinisheddoingthehomework.NowIcanwatchTV.3.我已经告诉她那个好消息了,她感到很高兴。Ihavetoldherthegoodnews,andshefeelsveryhappy.肯定句：主语+have/has+done…否定句:主语+haven’t/hasn’t+done…Shehasworkedoutthemathproblem.否定句：Shehasn’tworkedoutthemathproblem.Theyhavehadsomebread.否定句：Theyhaven’thadanybread.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+done…?肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has.否定回答：No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.Wehavefinishedthework.一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：Haveyoufinishedthework?Yes,wehave.No,wehaven’t.Tomhascomebackhome.一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：HasTomcomebackhome?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.1.他们已经到达学校了。2.肯定句：3.改为否定句：4.改为一般疑问句：5.肯定回答：6.2.康康已经读过那本书了。7.肯定句：8.改为否定句：9.改为一般疑问句：10.否定回答：Theyhavearrivedatschool.Theyhaven’tarrivedatschool.Havetheyarrivedatschool?Yes,theyhave.Kangkanghasreadthebook.HasKangkangreadthebook?Kangkanghasn’treadthebook.No,hehasn’t.1.复习2.have/hasbeentoVS3.havebeen/hasgoneto4.3.yet,already,ever等词的使用说出下列动词的过去式及过去分词形式。be(am/is/are)begincomedodrinkfindtakeworkpayseewritehitwas/werebeenbeganbeguncamecomediddonedrankdrunkfoundfoundtooktakenworkedworkedpaidpaidsawseenwrotewrittenhithitcarrychatflysaycostlikeusewatchchangeleavecarriedcarriedchattedchattedflewflownsaidsaidcostcostlikedlikedusedusedwatchedwatchedchangedchangedleftleft按要求完成下列句子。1.我吃过晚饭了。2.Ihavehaddinner.3.2.他知道那个消息了。他感到非常兴奋。4.Hehasknownthenews.Hefeelsveryexcited.5.3.这些天你有看到李老师吗？6.没，他去北京了。7.HaveyouseenMr.Lithesedays?8.No,hehasgonetoBeijing.9.4.以前他们曾经去过古巴。10.TheyhavebeentoCubabefore.have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto的区别have/hasbeento表示“曾经到过某地”，暗示人已经回来了，而have/hasgoneto表示“已经去某地了”，暗示人不在说话地点。HehasbeentoShanghai.他去过上海。（已经回来）HehasgonetoShanghai.他已经去上海了。（还没回来）Fillintheblankswithhave/hasbeentoorhave/hasgonetoA:Hi,WangWei.Nicetoseeyouagain.B:Hi,Jack.Nicetoseeyou,too.A:WangWei,where_____you______?B:I_______________Jiuzhaigou.A:Didyouenjoyyourselfthere?B:Yes,Idid.Bytheway,whereisTom?Ididn’tseehimtoday.A:Well,he_____________Fuzhou.B:Howsoonwillhecomeback?A:Intwodays.havebeenhavebeentohasgoneto1.just---刚刚,刚才；一般用于肯定句中她刚刚看过新闻。Shehasjustwatchedthenews.justalreadyyeteverneverbefore用法have/hasjustdone…2.already---已经；多用于肯定句中他们已经看过这部电影了。Theyhavealreadyseenthisfilm.3.yet---已经，尚、还；多用于否定句或疑问句句末Havetheyfinishedtheirhomeworkyet?No,theyhaven’tfinishedhomeworkyet.或简单回答成:No,notyet.justalreadyyeteverneverbefore用法4.ever---曾经；表示到现在为止的任何时候，多用于疑问句中你曾经去过北京吗？HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?5.never---未曾，从来没有；否定词，用于现在完成时表示以前从未做过某事6.before---以前；指过去某个时间点之前所发生的事，用于完成时以前我从未见过你。Ihaveneverseenyoubefore.他从未读过那本小说。Hehasneverreadthatnovel.justalreadyyeteverneverbefore用法Fillintheblankswith:already/yet/ever/never/just/before1)---Haveyou______visitedtheGreatWall?2)---Yes,manytimes.3)2)---Hurryup!Hehas_______waitedforusfortwohours.4)3)Whenyouarrive,Tomhas______left.5)4)Ihave_______seensuchaninterestingfilm_______.6)5)---Haveyouwateredtheplants_______?7)---Yes,Ihave.everalreadyjustneverbeforeyet1.since,for的使用2.短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换3.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别现在完成时(三)一、现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的动作或状态，常与for,since(自从）引导的状语连用。•e.g.:Hehaslivedinthecityforfortyyears.•他住在这座城市已经40年了。•HehaslearnedEnglishsince1990.•自从1990年，他就一直在学英语。for+时间段since+时间点\时间段+ago从句（过去时态）twohoursayearthreemonthsseveralweeksoneo’clock2019lastmonthyesterdayhalfanhouragohearrived.forsinceFillintheblankswithfororsince.1.Shehaslivedinthiscity_______fiveyears.2.Ihavetaughtintheschool_______tenyearsago.3.Theoldmanhasbeenill________lastmonth.4.TheboyhaswatchedTV______anhour.5.Hehasbeenadoctor________2019.6.Mr.Yanghasworkedinthefactory_______hemoved7.there.forsincesinceforsincesince1.针对since+时间点/for+时间段的提问用howlong.Thebabyhassleptfornineandahalfhours.Howlonghasthebabyslept?Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactorysince1990.Howlonghasyourmotherworkedinthisfactory?2.for+时间段与since+时间点常可进行替换。HehaslivedinZhangzhouforsixyears.=HehaslivedinZhangzhousincesixyearsago.Ihavebeenbacksincelastweek.=Ihavebeenbackforoneweek.二、在现在完成时态中，短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语(for…,since…)连用。如：Ihaveboughtthenewbike.Ihaveboughtthenewbikefortwodays.√×当它需要与