高中英语-Module-3-Literature[TY]课件-外研版选修7

LiteratureUnit3OliverTwistIntroductionAboutEnglishLiteratureEnglishliteratureisproducedinEngland,fromtheintroductionofoldEnglishbytheAnglo-Saxonsinthe5thcenturytothepresent.theworksofthoseIrishandScottishauthorswhoarecloselyidentifiedwithEnglishlifeandlettersarealsoconsideredpartofEnglishliterature.OliverTwist,itisoneofmostpopularnovelsofCharlesDickens’s.Oliverisapoororphanboywholiveswithotherchildreninalargehousecalledaworkhouse.OliveristheprotagonistofthestoryOliverisstayingwiththeotherorphansOliveriswaitingforhavingdinnerwiththeotherlittlepartnersintheworkhouseTherearesomepeopletryingtoseizeOliver,butherunssofastthatanyonecan’tcatchhim.Discussion1.Istheneighborhoodsafe?2.Whydon’tpeopletrytohelpOliver?3.WheredoesthemantakeOliver?•英语的正常语序是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了语法的需要或为了强调，把全部谓语或谓语的一部分提到主语前面，这种语序在语法称为倒装。除了在疑问句中，句子要用倒装外，还有一些句子要用倒装。英语的倒装一般分成两种，一是把谓语动词全部放在主语前，叫做全倒装。一是把谓语的助动词部分放在主语前，叫做部分倒装。Grammar(1):InversionUsedforEmphasis•全倒装–在therebe句型中，如：•1)Therearesomedesksintheclassroom.•2)Thereusedtobeatempleonthetopofthemountain.在以here,there,out,in,up,on,away,off,down等副词开头的句子中，如：1)Theregoesthebell.2)Herecomesthetrain.3)Outrushedthelittlegirl.4)AwaywenttheGrandpa.5)Incameagroupofpolicemen•但如果主语是人称代词时，不用倒装，如：•Hereitis.•Downitdropped.–直接引语的部分或全部放在句首时，如：•1)“Whowillcomeheretohelpyou?”askedtheteacher.•2)“Idon’tthinkhewillcome.”saidthegirl.–当介词短语在句首时，如：•1)Infrontoftheoldhousesatanoldwoman.•2)Onthetopofthemountainstandsatower.•部分倒装–only所修饰的副词,介词短语和状语从句放在句首时，如：•1)Onlythendidheknowthathewasrejectedbytheboss.•2)Onlyinthiswaycanyoucollectmorestamps.•3)Onlywhenherfathercamebackwassheabletogotoschool.一些含有否定意义的副词或连词如hardly,never,not,notonly,little,seldom,nosooner放在句首时，如：1)NeverhaveIbeentothemountainvillage.2)Notasingleworddidhewriteintheclass.3)LittledidtheboyknowtherulesofEnglishgrammar.c.用so作简单回答时表明前面说的情况也适用于另一个人，如：•Helikesswimminginsummerverymuch.SodoI.•Wesawthefootballmatchlastweek.Sodidthey.•ThegirlcanspeakfluentEnglish.Socantheboy.d.用neither,nor放在句首,表示前面的否定内容也同样适合另外一个人，如：1)HehasneverbeentoShanghai.NeitherhaveI.2)Hedidn’tfindanyusefulmaterialinthebook.NordidI.Matchthedefinitionswiththecorrectwords1.achildwhoseparentsaredead2.aVictorianhomeforpoorpeople3.tohappen4.tobeextremelyhungryandweak5.averylongstory6.apersonwhowritesnovels(a)novelist(b)takeplace(c)Orphan(d)workhouse(e)novel(f)starveGrammar(2):EmphaticSentences•㈠Itis/was...who/that...句型•这是一个最常见的强调句型。利用这种句型可以强调除谓语动词外的大多数句子成分，所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。引导词it置于句首，后接动词be（一般是is或was），再加上强调的部分，再接that-/who-从句。如：•Jackmissedthefirstlessonyesterdaybecausehewascaughtinthetrafficjam.→•①ItwasJackwhomissedthefirstlessonyesterdaybecausehewascaughtinthetrafficjam.(强调主语)•②ItwasbecauseJackwascaughtinthetrafficjamthathemissedthefirstlessonyesterday.(强调状语)•③ItwasthefirstlessonyesterdaythatJackmissedbecausehewascaughtinthetrafficjam.(强调宾语)•注意：•◆判断Itis/was…这样的句型是不是强调句，只须把Itis/was和who/that去掉，如果意思是完整的，就是强调句。反之，就不是。就②为例，去掉Itis/was和who/that，意思没有改变，仍然是一个完整的句子，因为引导词Itis/was..和who/that不充当句子成分。•◆如果强调的部分是表示人的名词或人称代词，多数情况下用who，如上面的例句。如果被强调的是人称代词，要用主格形式，非正式文体中多用宾格(如me,him等)，但不可取。如：•ItwasI(me)whotoldthepolice．•◆若强调否定词，它的结构形式是：It+benot+中心成份+that\who分句。如：•Ididn’tcomebacktillthedaybeforeyesterday.→•ItwasnottillthedaybeforeyesterdaythatIcomeback.1.warden(a)apersonwhosejobistocontroltheboys(b)apersonwhosejobistomakesuretheboysarehappy2.appetite(a)thefeelingofwantingtoeat(b)thefeelingofwantingtodrinkLookatthewordsfromthepassageandchoosethebestmeaning.√√3.pickout(a)topicksomethingupfromtheground(b)tochooseonepersonorthingfromagroup4.nudge(a)topushsomeonealittlewithapartofyourbody(b)tokicksomeone√√5.misery(a)greatanger(b)greatunhappiness6.hangsomeone(a)toputsomeoneinprison(b)tokillsomeonebypullingaropetightlyaroundhis/herneck√√AstonishmentCompanionCourageDesperateEagerEmployRewardSeizeSupportWhisperCompletethesentencewiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.1.hetriedtofindwork,butnoonewantedto______him.2.theboy______thebowlofsoupandstartedtoeatit.3.whenMrBumblereturnedtotheroom,theboysstarted__________toeachother.4.Oliverandhis__________hadverylittletoeat.5.whenhetoldthemwhathadhappened,theirfacesshowed____________.“Idon’tbelieveit!”onemansaid.seizedemploywhisperingcompanionastonishment6.thechildwasweakfromhungerandalmostfell.“helphim,heneeds_______”saidanolderboy.7.theboys_______wantedtoleavetheworkhouse.8.itwasverybraveofhim.Hehasalotof______.9.Theypromiseda______toanyonewhocouldhelpthem.10.thechildren__________explainedwhathadhappened.rewardsupporteagerlycouragedesperatelyMatchthetwopartsofthesentences1.hardlyhadtheboybeguneating2.notuntiltheyhadtalkedforhours3.nosoonerhadthewardenleft4.onlyafterOliverwaslockedintheroom(a)didthemanagersdecidewhattodo(b)didhestartcrying(c)thantheboysstartedwhisperingtoeachother(d)whenthewardentookhisbowlawayfromhim.RewritetheSentences1.Itwasthefirsttimeastoryhadbeensopopular.Never______________________________2.Assoonashesawtheman,theboytriedtorunaway.Nosooner________________________________________________beforehadastorybeensopopular.hadheseenthem