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探析异形柱结构设计摘要:本文详细阐述了异形柱框架的受力特点,对设计实际工程中异形柱结构的分析计算、构造措施等方面进行了探讨,并给出成功的工程设计实例。Abstract:thispaperexpoundsontheloadingcharacteristicsofspecial-shapedcolumnframe,thedesignofspecial-shapedcolumnstructureinpracticalengineeringanalysisandcalculation,constructionmeasuresandsoonarediscussedinthispaper,andsuccessfulengineeringdesignexampleisgiven.关键词:异形柱;框架Keywords:special-shapedcolumns;Theframework1前言1introduction近年来,异形柱框架或异形柱框架一剪力墙结构作为一种全新的结构形式广泛用于小高层住宅建筑中,相对于传统的短肢剪力墙或框架结构,能更好的满足建筑需求且造价略有降低,因此具有更好的经济效益和社会效益。该结构形式一般指同层内异形柱数量超过柱总数量10%的框架或框架剪力墙结构,适用抗震设防烈度为6度或7度的://地区。Inrecentyears,special-shapedcolumnframeorspecial-shapedcolumnsframeshearwallstructureasanewkindofstructurewidelyusedinsmallhigh-riseresidentialbuildings,comparedwiththetraditionalshortlimbshearwallandframestructure,canbettermeettheconstructiondemandandcostisslightlyreduced,thereforehasbettereconomicandsocialbenefits.Withinthestructuregenerallyreferstonamelyspecial-shapedcolumnmorethan10%ofthetotalnumberorframeshearwallstructure,theframeworkofapplicableseismicfortificationintensityis6or7degrees.2受力特点2mechanicalcharacteristics异形柱是指柱截面摈弃了惯用的矩形柱,而采用多个小墙肢的组合截面柱子,由剪力墙演变而来。柱肢截面中各肢高厚比不大于4,常用的有L形、T形和十形,亦有采用Z形。柱肢宽度一般使用与墙体相同的厚度,一般为200~250mm,不大于300mm。肢长较大,《规程》规定不小于500mm,一般为600~800。除此之外,不等肢异形柱肢高比一般不超过1.6,各肢截面厚度不能相差过大。Special-shapedcolumnsisreferstothecolumnsectionawayfrom://~250mm,nogreaterthan300mm.Limblengthislarger,rulesregulationisnotlessthan500mm,generallyis600~600.Besides,rangingfromlimbspecial-shapedcolumnlimbratioisgenerallynotmorethan1.6,thelegsectionthicknesscannotdiffertoomuch.虽然异形柱由剪力墙演变而来,但由于柱截面本身的特殊性,异形柱结构的受力特点既不同于剪力墙结构,也与普通框架相差很大,具有自己的独特性,在荷载作用的结构反应更加复杂。国内外大量的试验资料和理论分析证明,异形柱的破坏形态有:弯曲破坏、小偏压破坏、剪压破坏等,影响破坏形态的因素主要有:荷载角、轴压比、剪跨比、配箍率等。Althoughspecial-shapedcolumnscomposedofshearwallhasevolved,butduetotheparticularityofthecolumnsectionitself,theload-bearingcharacteristicsofthespecial-shapedcolumnsisdifferentinshearwallstructure,andgeneralframeworkalsovarywidely,hasitsownuniqueness,theloadofthestructureresponseismuchmorecomplicated.Athomeandabroadalargenumberof://:bendingfailure,smallbiasdamageandsheardamage,etc.,arethemajorfactorsinfluencethefailurepattern,loadingAngle,axialcompressionratio,shearspanratio,stirrupratioandsoon.2.1整体计算分析2.1overallcalculationandanalysis异形柱的存在和不同的布置对结构整个抗侧力刚度影响很大,总体来讲相对于同样布置的同截面矩形柱结构,异形柱结构的整体性要好,刚度略由增强;而单结构形式来讲,异形柱结构的刚度介于普通框架和框架剪力墙之间。文献[2]对8度区-6层住宅分别采用矩形柱和异形柱框架进行设计,然后分别采用SATWE和CRSC程序对比分析,结果表明在地震作用下异形柱结构的底部剪力要比矩形柱框架结构大16%~26%左右,各层柱的平均剪力和节点剪力也比矩形柱框架大很多。异形柱结构的受力特点介于普通框架柱和剪力墙之间,结构的抗震性能比较差,在内力分析计算时,既不能完全按普通框架柱,也不能完全照搬短肢剪力墙。Theexistenceofthespecial-shapedcolumnsanddifferentarrangementofgreatinfluenceonthewholestiffnesstoresistlateralforcestructure,ingeneralcomparedtothesamearrangementwiththecrosssectionoftherectangularcolumnstructure,special-shapedcolumnstructureintegrityisbetter,://[2],respectivelyfor8degreesarea-6layerhousingdesignandspecial-shapedcolumnframewithrectangularcolumn,andthenrespectivelybyusingSATWEandCRSCprogramcomparisonandanalysis,resultsshowthatthestructurewithspecial-shapedcolumnsunderseismicactionatthebottomoftheshearforceisabout16%~26%largerthantherectangularcolumnframestructure,theaverageshearshearandnodeofeachcolumnisalotlargerthantherectangularcolumnframe.Special-shapedcolumnstructureofmechanicalcharacteristicsbetweenordinaryframecolumnandshearwall,thestructure'sseismicperformanceispoor,theinternalforceanalysisandcalculation,neithercompletelyaccordingtothecommonframecolumn,alsocannotcompletelycopytheshortlimbshearwall.根据规范要求,对于矩形柱结构,当无斜向抗侧力构件时,结构设计的地震作用方向一般取工程纵横轴方向,即0°和90°以此来求得地震作用下的结构内力,正截面承载力两个方向分别按单偏压计算配筋,其承载力基本上可以包络地震作用沿其他方向的情况。但对于异形柱,由于截面惯性矩沿不同方向差别很大,地震作用下柱受力的最不利方向不一定0°或90°,也就是说仅沿该两个方向计算的正截面配筋并不能完全包络地震作用沿其他方向时的情况,尤其在高烈度地区://体现得更显著。对此,《规程》强制规定,7度及以上时地震作用尚应对与主轴成45°方向进行补充验算。Accordingtospecificationrequirement,therectangularcolumnstructure,whennoobliquecomponenttoresistlateralforce,structuredesignoftheseismicactiondirectiongenerallytakeengineeringverticalandhorizontalaxisdirection,namely0°and90°toobtainstructuralinternalforceunderearthquakeaction,normalsectionbearingcapacityoftwodirectionsrespectivelybysinglebiasofreinforcementcalculation,itsbearingcapacitycanbebasicallyenvelopealongotherdirectionseismicaction.Butforspecial-shapedcolumns,asaresultofsectionmomentofinertiaalongdifferentdirectiondifferenceisve
本文标题:探析异形柱结构设计
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