名词性从句基础重点知识归纳

Learningaims:1.能够判断是什么名词性从句。2.能够辨析和运用恰当的引导词。名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此分别叫做主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。Step1.Lead-inⅠ.请判断下列的句子属于哪种从句1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Idon’tthinkhecanfinishthetaskwithoutyourhelp.3.Myideaisthatitistimeforustostudyhard.4.Doyouagreewiththeideathatitistimeforustostudyhard?(主语从句)(宾语从句)(表语从句)(同位语从句)判断办法：1.主语从句+第二个谓语+…（或用形式主语）2….vt./介词+宾语从句3….系动词+表语从句4….同位名词=同位语从句…宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句名词性从句名词性从句分类II.名词性从句的引导词：引导作用1.连接词：that、if、whether不作成分无意义2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、whichwhateverwhoever……3.连接副词：when、where、why、how“是否”作状语作主/宾/表/定Step2名词性从句五大重点知识重点一：区别that,what与which重点二：区别whether与if重点三：it与名词性从句重点四：区别what,whatever,与nomatterwhat...重点五：名词性从句的语序名词性从句重点归纳:重点1：A:连接词that与what的区别Whathesaidmakesmehappy.Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省。what既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语,宾语,表语(且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）1.____madehimfailis____hewaslazy.2.Chinaisnolonger____itusedtobe.3.Iworkin____iscalledtheHometownofNvwa.4.Weexpressthehope______theywillcometovisitChinaagain.5.Weallhope________wewillbeadmittedtouniversityinthreeyears,and______allofourteacherswillbehealthyandhappyforever.Whatthatwhatwhatthatthatthat/--1._______hesaidsomadeusangry._____hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.2.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin______wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereThatWhat☆B:what(什么)/which(表选择,哪一个)1.---Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?---HemayliveatNo.8orNo.9ofBridgeStreet.Iamnotsureof_______.2.IreadaboutitinsomebookorInternet.Doesitmatter______itwas?whatwhichwhichWhat无范围；Which有范围C:that引导不同的从句Doyouknowthefactthathewonthefirstprize?Doyouknowthefactthattheyweretalkingabout?(同从)(定从)规律定语从句是对先行词起修饰限定作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容重点2.区别if与whether1.Idon’tknow________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow_______ornotheisfreenow.3.Thequestionis_______thisbookisworthreading.4.Itdependson_______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5._______theycanmasterthegrammarmattersalottotheirhomework.6.Idon’tknow_________togoforapicnic.7.Theyarediscussing__________theplanisok.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherwhetherwhether请你归纳a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.介词后的宾语从句e.whetherornot直接连用时不用iff.todo…前g.discuss后面只能用whether只能使用whether的情况：请你归纳1.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.2.Theargument_______we’llhaveasportsmeetingremainstobesettled.3.I’mthinkingabout________theywillsupportus.4.Wedidn’tknow________ornotshewasready.Whetherwhetherwhetherwhether1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。________________________isapity.2.真奇怪他今天没有来上学。________________________isstrange.Itisstrangethat…ThathemadesuchamistakeItisapitythat…重点3：it与名词性从句A:it作形式主语Thathewasabsentfromschool用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis＋名词＋从句Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识(2)Itis＋形容词＋从句Itisnaturalthat…很自然…Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…(3)Itis＋过去分词＋从句Itisreportedthat…据报道…Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…Itissaidthat…据说…(4)It＋不及物动词＋从句Itseemsthat…似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…Itappearsthat…似乎…1.Itiswidelyaccepted____theearthgoesaroundthesun.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.forthat=Thattheearthsgoesaroundthesuniswidelyaccepted.(2)it指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it+if或when从句B:it作形式宾语(1)make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/n+that…IhavemadeitmyhabitthatIgetupbefore6:30everyday.Iwouldappreciateitifyouwouldturnthemusicdown.1.Ihavetomakeclearthathetoldalie.2.Ilike___intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one3.他认为从现在开始努力学习赶上他人是有可能的.Hethinksitpossible_______________________________________________________Cthatheworkshardtocatchupwithothers.it________________等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，____________等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。请你归纳whoever,whateverWho,what重点4.what,whatever,who,whoever……Whowilltakethepositionisn’tdecided.1.__________wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._______weneedismoretime.3._______hastakenawaymybagisunknown.4._________breaksthelawwillbepunished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoeverAnythingthat任何…的事Anyonewho任何…的人Nomatterwhodestroystheforestwillbepunished.（×）nomatter…只能引导状语从句，…ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.nomatterwho/what与whoever/whateverWhoeverdestroystheforestwillbepunished.（√）重点5语序问题1.Theteachersuggestedthatweshouldpayenoughattentiontoreadingandwritng.2.Couldyoutellmewhereyouthinktheaccidenthappened?3.Whetheryouarehappydependsonyourattitude.引导词在从句之首，如有插入语，其紧跟在引导词后，其他一定用陈述语序引导词+主语+谓语+其它规律______Practicemakesperfect!1.Thephotographswillshowyou_______．（MET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Heasked_______foraviolin.（92）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid★如何使用宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的引导词小结引导词在从句中作什么成分例句that不作成分,陈述语气Iknewthatyouwereherejustnow.ifwhether不作成分,疑问语气主句谓语动词为askIdoubtif/whetherhecandoitwellnow.whatwhatever主语,宾语,表语,定语（指物）1.Youcanbesureofwhatyouhaveatpresent.2.He’sreadytoaccept(whatever)helphecanget.who主语，表语（指人）Iwantedtoknowwhowillcome.whom宾语，（指人）Idon’tknowwhomyou’rewaitingfor.when时间状语Hetoldme[when]wewouldgather.where地点状语Canyoutellme[where]helived?why原因状语Hewantedtoexplained[why]hewaslate.how方式状语Canyoutellme[how]youwantyourtea?which主宾表定（指物,人）He’llbuy(which)bookheisinterestedin.whose定语，（指人）Sheaskedwhosejacketit