先天性肾发育畸形

CongenitalAbnormalitiesoftheKidneyandUreterLetushaveareviewofthenormalanatomyoftheurinarysystembeforehavingaknowledgeofthecongenitalabnormalitiesRenalpelvisUreteropelvicjunctionUreterRenalpapillaMinorrenalcalixRenalparenchymaRenalcalixMajorrenalcalixDuplicationoftherenalpelvisandureterDuplicationofarenalpelvisCommonUsuallyunilateralDuplicationDuplicationofaureterTheuretersusuallyjoinbeforetheyreachthebladderLesscommonlytheuretersopenindepedentlyintothebladderDuplicationDuplicationRenalEctopiaKidneydoesnotascendorascendexcessivelyPelviccavity；subdiaphramaticregion，iliacfossa，thoraciccavity……RenalectopiaPelvickidneyaccompanywithcalculiAbsenceofonekidney/Renalagenesis/SolitarykidneyCongenitalaplasiaFailuretodeveloponekidneyCanbefoundduringulatrasoundexamination,CTandMRscanning；CannotbefoundbyIVU，WHY?Ureterabsent，Nouretericorificefoundduringcystoscopy；OrureterandrenalpelvisarepresentbutthekidneyabsentAbsentleftkidneyHorseshoeKidneySituatedusuallyinfrontoffouthlumbarvertebraFusedlowerpolescommonUretersangulatedInfectionNephrolithiasisFixedmassbelowumbilicusHorseshoekidneyHorseshoeKidneyHorseshoeKidney-excretoryurographyHorseshoeKidney–CTurogramHorseshoe-ScintigramHorseshoeKidneyHorseshoeKidney