考研英语模拟题08

考研英语模拟题08SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)fromeachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)ThesuccessofAugustusowedmuchtothecharacterofRomantheorizingaboutthestate.TheRomansdidnotproduceambitiousblueprints1theconstructionofidea__l__states,suchas__2__totheGreeks.Withveryfewexceptions,Romantheoristsignored,orrejected__3__valueless,intellectualexerciseslikePlato'sRepublic,in__4__therelationshipoftheindividualtothestatewas__5__outpainstakinglywithoutreferenceto__6__statesorindividuals.TheclosesttheRomancametotheGreekmodelwasCicero'sDeRePublica,andevenhereCicerohadRomeclearlyin__7__.Romanthoughtaboutthestatewasconcrete,evenwhenit__8__religiousandmoralconcepts.ThefirstrulerofRome,Romulus,was__9__tohavereceivedauthorityfromthegods,specificallyfromJupiter,theguarantorofRome.Allconstitutional__10__wasamethodofconferringandadministeringthe__11__.Veryclearlyitwasbelievedthatonlytheassemblyofthe__12__,thefamilyheadswhoformedtheoriginalsenate,__13__thereligiouscharacternecessarytoexerciseauthority,becauseitsoriginalfunctionwasto__14__thegods.Beingpracticalaswellasexclusive,thesenatorsmoved__15__todividetheauthority,holdingthattheirconsuls,orchiefofficials,wouldpossessiton__16__months,andlaterextendingitspossessiontolowerofficials.__17__theimportantachievementwastocreatetheideaofcontinuing__18__authorityembodiedonlytemporarilyincertainupper-classindividualsandconferredonly__19__themassofthepeopleconcurred.Thesystemgrewwithenormous__20__,asnewofficesandassemblieswerecreatedandalmostnonediscarded.1.［A］with［B］for［C］in［D］to2.［A］tempted［B］attracted［C］appealed［D］transferred3.［A］on［B］for［C］as［D］about4.［A］which［B］that［C］what［D］it5.［A］turned［B］worked［C］brought［D］made6.［A］special［B］specific［C］peculiar［D］particular7.［A］existence［B］store［C］reality［D］mind8.［A］abandoned［B］caught［C］separated［D］involved9.［A］told［B］held［C］suggested［D］advised10.［A］tendency［B］procedure［C］development［D］relation11.［A］authority［B］power［C］control［D］ruling12.［A］officers［B］men［C］administrators［D］fathers13.［A］possessed［B］claimed［C］assured［D］enforced14.［A］confirm［B］confer［C］consult［D］consider15.［A］over［B］along［C］on［D］about16.［A］alternate［B］different［C］varied［D］several17.［A］And［B］So［C］Or［D］But18.［A］state［B］country［C］people［D］national19.［A］as［B］when［C］if［D］so20.［A］dimension［B］complexity［C］exercise［D］functionSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Passage1Despitethegeneralnegativefindings,itisimportanttorememberthatallchildrenwholivethroughadivorcedonotbehaveinthesameway.Thespecificbehaviordependsonthechild'sindividualpersonality,characteristics,ageatthetimeofdivorce,andgender.Intermsofpersonality,whencomparedtothoseratedasrelaxedandeasygoing,childrendescribedastemperamentalandirritablehavemoredifficultycopingwithparentaldivorce,asindeedtheyhavemoredifficultyadaptingtolifechangeingeneral.Stress,suchasthatfoundindisruptedfamilies,seemstoimpairtheabilityoftemperamentalchildrentoadapttotheirsurroundings,thegreatertheamountofstress,thelesswelltheyadapt.Incontrast,amoderateamountofstressmayactuallyhelpaneasygoing,relaxedchildlearntocopewithadversity.Thereissomerelationshipbetweenageandchildren'scharacteristicreactiontodivorce.Asthechildgrowsolder,thegreateristhelikelihoodofafreeexpressionofavarietyofcomplexfeelings,anunderstandingofthosefeelings,andarealizationthatthedecisiontodivorcecannotbeattributedtoanyonesimplecause.Self-blamevirtuallydisappearsaftertheageof6,fearofabandonmentdiminishesaftertheageof8,andtheconfusionandfearoftheyoungchildisreplacedintheolderchildbyshame,anger,andself-reflection.Genderofthechildisalsoafactorthatpredictsthenatureofreactiontodivorce.Theimpactofdivorceisinitiallygreateronboysthanongirls.Theyaremoreaggressive,lesscompliant,havegreaterdifficultiesininterpersonalrelationships,andexhibitproblembehaviorsbothathomeandatschool.Furthermore,theadjustmentproblemsofboysarestillnoticeableeventwoyearsafterthedivorce.Girls'adjustmentproblemsareusuallyinternalizedratherthanactedout,andareoftenresolvedbythesecondyearafterthedivorce.However,newproblemsmaysurfaceforgirlsastheyenteradolescenceandadulthood.Howcantherelativelygreaterimpactofdivorceonboysthanongirlsbeexplained?Thegreatermaleaggressionandnoncompliancemayreflectthefactthatsuchbehaviorsaretoleratedandevenencouragedinmalesinourculturemorethantheyareinfemales.Furthermore,boysmayhaveaparticularneedforastrongmalemodelofself-control,aswellasforastrongdisciplinarianparent.Finally,boysaremorelikelytobeexposedtotheirparents'fightsthangirlsare,andafterthebreakup,boysarelesslikelythangirlstoreceivesympathyandsupportfrommothers,teachers,orpeers.1.Temperamental,irritablekidshavedifficultyadaptingtoparentaldivorcebecause.［A］theycaretoomuchaboutthelifechange［B］thegreatstressoftheirfamiliesdiminishestheirability［C］theytendtolosetempereasilyandaresensitivetothelifechange［D］theyarefacedwithmoreparents'fightsthantherelaxed,easygoingchildren2.Thef