青蒿素_中药奇葩疟疾克星

25大学化学20104吴毓林(200032)1,!∀,(瘧),,2~3,10019,,,(cinchona),17,,,1820(quinine),1922,,(chloroquine)(primaquine),(1)12,2060,,,,,,,,#523∃,,#523∃12,,,∀∀,,1977∀(ArtemisiaapiaceaHance)(ArtemisiaannuaL.),,,,0.6%~1.1%5%,2060,,1971100%,II,,,,,,1973,,[1]1975,,,C15H22O5,(yingzhaosuA)[2],,(cadinane)(arteannuinB)[34],,,1975X;1978X(2)[5]1979,ArtemisiaannuaL.(),,,[6],,(oznideofdihydroarteannuin),,,,;,,3C15H22O5,282.34,,:150~153%,[]D132+68(c=1.0,CHCl3)4,5(cadinane),7(),COOCOCOCO,X5(3)3,,11(artimisitene),(mevalonicacid)(amorpha4,11diene),11,,(4),,,,,,,,190%,(5),,(deoxyqinghaosu),,,144,(dihydroqinghaosu)12(4:6),,,,,(0~5%),,,(deoxydihydroqinghaosu)51978,HoffmannLaRocheWHO1982,HoffmannLaRoche,,15,2003,,,,4,2070,,(IC50)1~10nmol/L;(P.berghei),90%(SD90)6mg/kg,;,48,,,,,,,(50%),,,(6),,(artemether)(artesunate);1987,1992,,,,6,,,,Artemisone,,WalterReed,(arteether),,,16,,(7),1,2,4,,(steroidqinghaosu),OZ277(RBx11160)1,2,4,5(1,2,4,5tetroxepane),,,7,,,,,,,,10,,(8),,,85,,,,,;;,17[1],,,.,1979,37(2):129[2],,WuWL,.,1979,37(3):215[3]JeremicD,JokicA,BehbudA,etal.TetrahedronLett,1973:14(32):3039[4]UskokovieMR,WilliamsTH,BlountJF.HelvChimActa,1974,57(3):600[5].,1979(11):1114[6]JeremicD,JokicA,BehbudA,etal.The8thInternationalSymposiumOnChemistryofNaturalProducts.p.222,NewDelh,i1972,:1..:,20062,.&,..:,2005:433~5033LiY,HuangH,WuYL.Qinghaosu(artemisinin)AFantasticAntimalarialDrugfromaTraditionalChineseMedicine&LiangXT,FangWS.MedicinalChemistryofBioactiveNaturalProducts.Hoboken,NewJersey:JohnWiley&Sons,183~25618