新概念英语141课语法与课文

Lesson141•Sally’sfirsttrainride.•萨利第一次乘火车旅行PassiveVoice被动语态Englishisspokenbythemostpeopleintheworld.spokenEnglishTheGreatWallwasbuiltbyChinesepeople.builtThetreeswereplantedbystudents.planted英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice)Whatisit?A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.被动语态结构：be+过去分词(P.P)+(by…)主动语态变被动语态解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语.bythem.Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.Theclassroomwascleanedbyus...dodiddonegowentgoneseesawseengivegavegivenchoosechosechosendrawdrewdrawneatateeatentaketooktakenspeakspokespokenwritewrotewrittenshowshowedshownbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtthinkthoughtthoughtteachtaughttaughtbuildbuiltbuiltkeepkeptkepthearheardheardfindfoundfoundmakemademadetelltoldtoldcutcutcutsendsentsent一般现在时的被动语态：am/are/is+过去分词+(by…)1.Peopleplayfootballallovertheworld.2.Galaxyteachesusthisterm.Footballallovertheworld.Wethisterm.isplayedbypeoplearetaught(byGalaxy)一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词+(by…)3.PeoplebuilttheGreatWalllongago.4.Myclassmatesplantedmanyflowersyesterday.TheGreatWall___________________longago.Manyflowers______________________________yesterday.wasbuilt(bypeople)wereplanted(bymyclassmates)情态动词的被动语态：must/should/can等+be+过去分词5.Youmustthrowthebrokenglassawayatonce.6.Wecanfinishourhomeworkontime.Thebrokenglassatonce.Ourhomework_____________________ontime.mustbethrownaway(byyou)canbefinished(byus)1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives___________forcuttingthings.2.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.areusedisstudied3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.Theticket____________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.wasfoundwastold5.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.6.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine__________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken1.Aneighborhelpedtokeepourdog.It__________whilewewereonholiday.(2005)A.wastakencareB.tookcareofC.istakencareofD.wastakencareof2.Watches____Shanghaiaregood.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made考试考什么DA3.Acoatcan_____forkeepingwarm.A.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.used4.Thebook________aspresentyesterday.A.wasgiventohimB.wasgivenforhimC.wasgivehimAA5.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees_______________bypeopletherelastyear.(同义句转换）(青岛市中考题）6.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.（上海市中考题）Thevegetables_______________onthefarm.Twereplantedaregrown用适当的形式填空1.Historyis_________bythepeople.(make)2.Heisoften___________todotheworkbytheteacher.(ask)3.Thebook___________byhimlastyear.(write)4.Theradio______________lastweek.(mend)madeaskedwaswrittenwasmended用所给动词的正确形式填空：1).Thebike__________(fix)upbyXiaoMingyesterday.2).Sunglasses__________(use)forprotectingpeople’seyes.3).Apicture_________(put)upontheblackboard.4).French___________(speak)inFrance.5).Teenagersshould_________(allow)tochoosetheirownclothes.wasfixedareusedisputisspokenbeallowed5)Exercises:选择填空:1.Windows_____ofglass.A.bemadeB.ismadeC.aremadeD.beenmade2.Thehouse_____in2004.A.isbuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuiltD.used3.Acoatcan_____forkeepingwarm.A.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.usedCCA•4.Watches____Shanghailastlong.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made•5.Thisdeskismade_____wood.A.ofB.fromC.inD.byAA7.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.8.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.canbeused一般现在时：am/is/are+done一般过去时：was/were+done当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为can/must/+bedoneThebikeismadeinourfactory.这自行车是我们厂生产的。Thisbookwaswrittenin1969.这本书是1969年写成的。Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.这孩子必须被好好照顾。1.Riceinthesouthofchina.AgrowsBisgrownCaregrownDgrew2.Englishbyuseverymorning.AisBreadsCarereadDisread3.Acarin1885.AwereinventedBwasinventedCisinventedDinvented4.Theshoplastnight.AisrobbedBwasrobbedCarerobbedDopened5.Theworkmustintwoweeks.AbefinishBbefinishedCfinishDwillfinisBDBBB5.Theworkmustintwoweeks.AbefinishBbefinishedCfinishDwillfinish6.Thosethingsmaytotheroom.AmoveBmovedCbemovedDaremoved7.Wherethecars?Aare……madeBdo……makeCwere……madeDis…..made8.Thetrainstationin1981.AisbuiltBarebuiltCwasbuiltDwerebuiltBCCC•excited•geton•middle-aged•opposite•curiously•funny•powder•compact•kindly•ugly•amused•smile•embarrassed•Lastweek,myfour-year-olddaughter,Sally,wasinvitedtoachildren'sparty.•Idecidedtotakeherbytrain.Sallywasveryexcitedbecauseshehadnevertravelledonatrainbefore.•Shesatnearthewindowandaskedquestionsabouteverythingshesaw.Suddenly,amiddle-agedladygotonthetrainandsatoppositeSally.•‘Hello,littlegirl,’shesaid.Sallydidnotanswer,butlookedathercuriously.Theladywasdressedinabluecoatandalarge,funnyhat.•Afterthetrainhadleftthestation,theladyopenedherhandbagandtookoutherpowdercompact.•Shethenbegantomakeupherface.‘Whyareyoudoingthat?’Sallyasked.‘Tomakemyselfbeautiful,’theladyanswered.•Sheputawayhercompactandsmile