短文改错中常常考查的知识点

1短文改错一般选择一篇字数为100左右的短文，学生有时觉得这种题型有难度，是因为短文改错中设的错误点其实都是学生在平时习作和练习中容易犯的语言错误。所以一方面平时在训练中，比如作文、翻译等练习尽量要注意一些易犯的细节错误；另一方面，在解题时可以用“知识点意识”来得出正确答案。在做题时，先是把文章整篇看完，了解短文的主题和表达的内容；然后把自己最有把握的错误找出来改正，一般来说学生能很轻松地找出3-6个错误，注意没有把握的错误点先不要碰它，只是做个记号，以免造成先入为主的情况；剩余的错误就用“知识点意识”来解决，犹如“挖地雷”，因为一般在高考中短文改错的知识点考查不会重复。可以把短文改错变成句子改错，找寻错误点时要对下面的知识点有敏感度。短文改错中常常考查的知识点：1、动词：时态:现在---过去（包括be动词形式）语态：主动、被动2、名词单复数(即在该用复数的地方误用其单数，或在该用单数的地方误用其复数。)绝对不可数：advicenewsinformationequipmentfurniture，evidenceattention,baggage,luggage,fun,weather,knowledge,jewelry,progress(1)Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.(2)Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.WehavebeentoEuropemanytime.(3)Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages.(4)Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon.(5)TheywereeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestion.3、冠词(a/an/the增加、删减、改正)涉及最多的是，当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时，其前漏用不定冠词；另外，冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。(1)Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.(2)Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.(3)Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.(4)Goodhealthisperson’smostvaluablepossession.4、连词（并列连词:and/or/but/so从属连词:what/that/which/how）*Theclasseshelpedmeunderstandwhattheworldworks*Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.5、形容词与副词1)加不加-ly；Shewas,infact,ratherattractively.2)比较等级；形容词搭配的as…as结构3)many/much/more(本身已是比较级的词前误加more)Shedidn’ttalkmany.4)承接副词however,therefore；5)动词ing与动词ed的区别(1)Afteranhourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightening.(2)Asaresult,peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast.(3)Therefore,therearestillsomecountrieswherepeoplehaveshorterlives.(4)*Youalwaysgavemespeciallyattention.(5)Insomeplacesyoumayborrowmanybooksasyouwant.6、行文逻辑（主要是反义词）*InAmericanbigcities,thousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.27、代词1)前后指代的人或物不一致(包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性)2)反身代词3)宾格\主格与物主代词(1)Davidpointedtoapathwhichithethoughtwouldprobablyleadtoavillage.(2)Whenwewalkedtothecar,Billsmiledandshookhead.(3)Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.TheyhavebeentoEuropemanytimes.(4)AndIcan’tforgetthegoodfoodyoucookedforI.(5)Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.(6)TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.(7)Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.8、非谓语动词(todo/doing/done)InoticedMotherlookingatanearbytalbleoccupybyanelderlywoman.9、固定搭配与习惯用法（考查介词居多,）Fromthenon,we’vekepttouchwitheachotherthroughe-mails.10、其它：so…that…,too…to…等句式中的so,too等词；every与each的区别11．介词：主要涉及在及物动词后接宾语时误加介词和在不及物动词后接宾语时漏加介词、可直接用作状语的副词短语前误加介词、介词与其他词的常用搭配、常用介词的基本用法、习语中的介词用法等。(1)Billinsistedinstayingnearthecar.(2)Suddenlywecaughtsightatacarandsomemen.(3)WhenIhavefreetimeIgoalongwalk.(4)Whentheycamedownthepolicewereangrytothem.注意：1）动词，名词，形容词，副词主要是词形在改变。（interesting—interested）2）考点绝不重复。二．多词和缺词热点1.冠词*SuddenlyIcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.*However,thepopularteacherisat^sametimetheonewhoshouldbestrictwithstudents.2.介词*ThecrowdwaitingfortogreettheminEnglandwasverysurprised.*Hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard3.代词it4.连词*Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning.Theangelthenturnedtothethirdman,threwuphishandsinfear.5.小品词toItwasalessontousthatitwaspossiblegivewithoutexpectinginreturn.6.系/助动词be/hadMymotherwasasked:“Haveyoutakenmedicine?”*Whatyourfavoritesport?1（09浙江）OnerainydaywhileIwaswalkinghomewithoneofmyfriend,atruckcametoastopbesidesus.Thedriverputthewindowdownandofferedusaumbrellabecausehefoundwewerewetthrough.Istoodthereandcouldn’tbelieveinthatacompletestrangerissothoughtful.Themaninsisted,soIgratefulacceptedtheoffer,thankedhimandwatchedthetruckdisappeardowntheroad.Thismanmightneedtheumbrellahimself,andhepreferredto3giveittoeveryoneelse.Itwasalessontousthatitwaspossiblegivewithoutexpectanythinginreturn.2（10浙江）Aftershopping,MotherandIwenttoarestaurantforlunch.InoticeMotherlookingatanearbytableoccupybyanelderlywomanandyoungcouple.Theyatesilently,anditwasclearlythatthingswerenotgoingwell.Asweleft,Motherstoppedontheirtable.Excuseme,shesaid,putherarmaroundtheunhappyoldwoman.Youremindmesomanyofmymother.MayIhug(拥抱)you?Thewomansmiledhappilyassheacceptedtoit.Mterweleft,Isaid,Thatwasveryniceofyou,Mother.SoIdidn'tthinkshelookedlikeGrandma.Neitherdidme,saidMothercheerfully.3（11浙江）Iwasplayingatmycousinhouse.Sincehisfamilywasrichthanmine,hehadmoretoysthanIdid.TherewasoneonparticularI'dalwayswanted.Iputintomypocketwhenhewasn'tlooking.Iguessed,evenatthatage,Iwouldneverbeabletoenjoytoplayingwiththetoyorfacedmycousinagain;Iwouldalwaysknow,I'ddonesomethingwrong.Lateon,myauntdrovemehome.Whenshedroppedmeoff,IpulledoutthetoyslowandgaveItback.Sheknowswhathadhappenedbutshethankedmeandevermentioneditagain.4(12浙江)Twoyearsbefore,ItraveledtoBraziland1rentedforacar.Unfortunate,1hadanaccidentandhitanothercar,andIneededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweek.Icalledmyparents,so1didnottellthemwhathadhappened.IknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmyselfbecauseIwassofartheraway,andthatmymotherwouldnotsleepifsheknew.Therefore,Itoldtheminterestedstoriesandhow1wasenjoyingBrazil.Asaresult,nobodyknewtruth.Istillthinkthatitwastherigh