小型汽车外部清洗机设计,设计说明书

本科毕业设计题目名称：小型汽车外部清洗机设计学院：专业年级：学生姓名：班级学号：指导教师：二XXX年六月十日摘要清洗设备是汽车养护作业中不可缺少的设备，通过汽车外部清洗可以起到外观整洁美观、保护漆膜和涂层，减少腐蚀和损伤的作用。本次设计的小型汽车外部清洗机是新型的清洗设备，由电动机、柱塞式高压水泵、喷枪等部分组成，采用轴向式设计，通过偏心轮盘由电动机直接驱动柱塞泵产生高压水，由调压阀控制出水压力的高低，然后通过高压水枪喷出高压水。本机结构紧凑、体积小，工作可靠而且便于维护。本文从系统选型、结构设计、主要参数计算等方面介绍了其设计过程。关键词：柱塞泵；喷枪；结构设计；设计计算AbstractThecleaningequipmentisindispensableintheconservationworkofequipment.Theoutwardappearancegetscleanandaesthetic.Inaddition,thepaint-coatisprotectedandthecorrosiondamagecanbereduced.Thisdesignofasmall-sizedexternalwashingmachineisanewwashingequipment.It’scomposedofmotor,plunger-typehigh-pressurepumps,spraygun,etc.Byadoptingaxialdesign,thehigh-pressurewateremergesthroughtheeccentricdiscdirectlyfromthemotor-drivenpistonpump.Then,thelevelofwaterpressureiscontroledbythevalvewhichcanadjustpressure.Atlast,thehigh-pressurewaterjetsfromthehigh-pressurewatergun.Themachinehascompactstructureandsmallvolume.Itworksreliablyandiseasytobemendedandmaitained.Thedesigningprocessfromthesystemtype,structureandthecalculationofthemainparametersisintroduced.Keywords:pistonpump;spraygun;structuredesign;designandcalculation目录摘要.....................................................................................................................................1Abstract..................................................................................................................................II1概述....................................................................................................................................11.1课题来源与背景...........................................................................................................11.2解决的主要问题及技术要求.......................................................................................11.3国内外发展研究状况...................................................................................................21.4存在的问题...................................................................................................................21.5设计的主要依据及指导思想.......................................................................................22设计任务书...........................................................................................................................32.1题目名称.......................................................................................................................32.2设计要求及技术参数...................................................................................................32.3设计内容.......................................................................................................................32.4设计任务.......................................................................................................................32.5设计进度.......................................................................................................................43小型汽车外部清洗机设计...................................................................................................53.1总体结构方案的拟定...................................................................................................53.2水泵配用电机的选择...................................................................................................63.3有关原始条件及参数的确定.......................................................................................93.4主要机件的设计计算.................................................................................................103.5水泵体工作原理.........................................................................................................143.6调压阀的设计.............................................................................................................143.7柱塞弹簧的校核.........................................................................................................183.8密封材料的选用.........................................................................................................213.9清洗机材料的选用.....................................................................................................213.10喷枪材料的选用.......................................................................................................224清洗机的使用说明.............................................................................................................23结论.....................................................................................................................................25致谢.....................................................................................................................................26参考文献.................................................................................................................................271概述1.1课题来源与背景课题的来源：由指导老师拟定，结合现有汽车外部清洗设备在汽车清洗中的应用情况而进行的专题设计类课题。课题的背景：目前国内汽车保有量大量增加且呈持续性上升趋势，私人汽车拥有量逐渐增多，但是清洗技术却较为落后，大部分还是靠人工一桶水，一块布的清洗，这种洗车方法清洗效果不好，对汽车外表面也有一定的损害。而大型自动清洗设备由于其运营成本高、投资回收期长，使得洗车价位高，在短时间内很难普及。因此，设计一种经济高效、机动灵活的小型洗车设备是可行的。该洗车机应该具有占地面积小、制造成本低、使用方便、操作简单等特点，在弥补手工洗车和大型洗车机缺点的同时，又可实现高效清洗功能，有较大的实用价值。1.2解决的主要问题及技术要求本设计为移动式洗车机设计，此清洗机主要由柱塞式高压水泵、电机、机架、喷射胶管、吸水胶管、高压水枪等部分组成，最主要是针对小型车辆外部清洗，除可实