电动汽车和混合动力汽车的-Slide1

Technical&CommercialRoadmapsofElectric&HybridVehicles电动汽车和混合动力汽车的技术路线和产业化路线ProfessorC.C.Chan,FIEEE,FIET,FHKIE陈清泉院士世界电动车协主席、亚太电动车协会主席Academician,ChineseAcademyofEngineeringFellow,RoyalAcademyofEngineering,U.K.,President,WorldElectricVehiclesAssociationBeijing13July2009Content•GlobalSustainableDevelopment全球可持续发展•EV/HEVKeyTechnologies&TechnicalRoadmap电动汽车和混合动力汽车关键技术和技术路线•EV/HEVCommercialRoadmap电动汽车和混合动力汽车产业化路线•Summary总结Whynotstartingnow?ForerunnerswinWinnershavemoretogiveSavetheEarth!2003:Articicefreeby20702008:Articicefreeby2013?•Energy:Efficient,AlternativeFuels.•Environment:MinimalEmissions.•SafetyandIntelligent.•Powertrain:Electrificationandhybridization•Control:NewControlTheoryandAlgorithm,ComputerizationandDigitalization•FutureVehicle:4wheels+computerSustainableMobilityChallengesFuel-andPowertrainStrategyVehicleTechnologyAssessmentFuelEconomyGain201020202005HydrogenInfrastructureEmissionReductionZeroemissionsH2FuelCellHybridElectricVehicles~100%AdvancedPowertrainsH2ICETwoPathwaysforHEVTechnologyDevelopment/PhilosophyofEngineering:SixPrinciplesofIntegratedSystemDesign1.Debate,define,reviseandpursuethepurpose/objectiveThesystemexiststodelivercapability,theendjustifiesthemeans.Thestatementofarequirementmustdefinehowitistobetested.Requirementsreflecttheconstraintsoftechnology&budgets.2.ThinkholisticThewholeismorethanthesumoftheparts–andeachpartismorethanafractionofthewhole3.BecreativeSeethewoodbeforethetrees4.FollowadisciplinedprocedureDivideandconquer,combineandrule5.TakeaccountofthepeopleToerrishuman;Ergonomics;Ethics&Trust6.ManagetheprojectandtherelationshipsAllforone,oneforallTheoverallEVengineeringphilosophyessentiallyistheintegrationofautomobileengineeringandelectricalengineering.Thus,systemintegrationandoptimisationareprimeconsiderationstoachievegoodEVperformanceataffordablecost.Sincethecharacteristicsofelectricpropulsionarefundamentallydifferentfromthoseofenginepropulsion,anoveldesignapproachisessentialforEVengineering.Moreover,advancedenergysourcesandintelligentenergymanagementarekeyfactorstoenableEVscompetingwithICEVs.Ofcourse,theoverallcosteffectivenessisthefundamentalfactorforthemarketabilityofEVs.EVEngineeringPhilosophyHybridEngineeringPhilosophy:1+12HybridMule骡=Horse马(Mother)+Moke驴(Father)Muleisthehybridofhorseandmoke,muletakesthebestDNAofhorseandmoke,hencemorepowerfulandendurance.HEVshouldhaveaddedvaluegainedfromtheintegrationofenginepropulsionandmotorpropulsion,fullysizestheintelligentelectrical,electronicandcontroltechnologiesConceptualHybridSystemEnergysource(1)Energyconverter(1)Energysource(2)Energyconverter(2)LoadPowertrain(1)(Unidirectional)Powertrain(2)(bidirectional)PowerflowwhilepropellingPowerflowwhilechargingpowertrain(2)000+LoadpowerAveragepowerDynamicpowerTimeTimeTime=HybridizationandFuelEfficiencyPotential/ICEPowerElectricPowerPlug-inSmartStarterFunctionality/•Enginestart-stopatidle•Engineoffondeceleration•Mildregenerativebraking•Electricpowerassist•Fullregenerativebraking•Enginecycleoptimization•Electriclaunch•Limitedpureelectricdrive•Enginedownsize•Plug-inrechargeable•Moreelectricdriveduringcharge-depletion•Reducedrefueling•Full-functionelectricdrive•Initialpureelectricrange•Significantlyreducedrefueling•Plug-inrechargeonly•100%pureelectricrange/100%•NorefuelingFUELECONOMY•+2-4%•+10-20%•+30-50%Cars•+20-40%Trucks•+100%inchargedepletion/100%•sameasfullhybridafterward•ElectricityonlyinEVrange/在EV•sameasfullhybridafterward•ElectricityonlyStart-StopMildHybridFullHybridPlug-inHybridPlug-inRangeExtenderEV/ElectricVehicle/６００２０４０NewPrius-HV（PC)(9/03～)HVBus/LeadAcidCapacitor-HVBusHVBus/Li-Ion(02/04～)HVBus/Ni-MHPrius-HV（PC)(～8/03)Insight-HV（PC)LDT-HV/Ni-MH(11/03～)Li-Ion-HVBusTino-HV（PC)Mini-BusHV/Lead-Acid（Gasoline）Alphard-HV（Mini-Van)MDT-HV/Ni-MH(6/04～)Capacitor-HVBus/CNG１９９０１９９５２０００Civic-HV（PC)２００５ConventionalICEVehiclesMDT-HV/Capacitor(6/02～)Estima-HV（Mini-Van)HVBuses/HydraulicMDTHV/LeadAcidReleaseYearUnderR&DVehicleEfficiency*(％)（TanktoWheel）*）CityModeTrendsofHybridVehicles(HV)CommercialVehicles／DieselPassengerCars／GasolineDiscontinuedunderR&DwithconventionaltypeEnergyStorages（Lead-AcidBattery.Accumulator)withnewtypeEnergyStorages（NewBatteries,Capacitors）・Recentyear,manyHVhavedevelopedwithnewenergystoragedevices.・Thetrendstowardtwodirections(TrendAandB).Internalcombu-stionengineHarrier-HV（SUV)（3/03～）Kluger-HV（SUV)（3/05～）EngineMotorCapacitorInverterEngineECUMotorECUCapacitorECUAuto-TMECUHybridECUEHSECUCANBusElectro-controlledmechanicalbrakesystemBrakeECU・Advancedelectronicsdevicesandsoft-wear.・Co-operativecontroltechnologies（hard&soft)ofvariouselectroniccontrolsystems.・Dynamicscontroltechnologiesofhybridpropulsionandbrakingsystems.Incaseofcapacitorhybridtruck（NissanDieselMotor)HowtocontrolengineandmotorpowersmoothlyHowtocontrolregenerativebrakeandmechanicalbrakeforceEmbeddedtechnologiesofrecenthighlyefficientHVHighlypriordynamicscontrolmatters